Overview of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway
The construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is a strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council at the beginning of the new century, and it is a landmark project of the development of western China, which is of great significance in accelerating the economic and social development of the two provinces of Qinghai and Tibet and in enhancing the national unity to the benefit of the people of all ethnic groups. The railroad was opened to traffic on July 1, 2006 at 9:00 pm.
The Qinghai-Tibet Railway runs from Xining City of Qinghai Province to Lhasa City of Tibet Autonomous Region, with a total length of 1956 kilometers. Among them, Xining to Golmud section of 814 kilometers long, built in 1979 paved, put into operation in 1984. The Golmud-Lhasa section under construction is 1,142 kilometers long, starting from Golmud City in Qinghai Province and traveling southward along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway to Lhasa City, the capital of Tibet Autonomous Region, with a total length of 1,110 kilometers of new construction, and 32 kilometers of reconstruction of the existing line from Golmud to Nanshankou. The construction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway is facing the severe challenges of permafrost, alpine cold and lack of oxygen, and ecological fragility, which makes the project arduous, demanding and difficult.
The construction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway started on June 29, 2001, and the investment of 1.18 billion yuan was completed in that year, and the reconstruction of the existing line from Golmud to Nanshankou was completed, and the roadbed of the section from Nanshankou to Wangkun was formed basically, and the test section of permafrost was begun to realize the first victory. 5.32 billion yuan of investment was completed in 2002, and the main project of the section from Golmud to Wangkun was completed, and the main project of the section from Wangkun to Chumar River was completed basically, and the main project of the section from Chumar River to Chumar River was completed basically. The offline main project of the section from Golmud to Wangkun was completed, the offline main project of the section from Wangkun to Chumar River was basically completed, and the offline main project of the section from Chumar River to Buqiangge was completed by more than 80%. This year is the year of comprehensive attack on the construction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the annual plan to complete the investment of 5.6 billion yuan, as of the end of July the annual cumulative investment of 2.39 billion yuan, the start of the cumulative total of 8.89 billion yuan. At present, the Tanggula Mountain north of the tundra project is taking intensive measures, laying tracks and beams to the plateau hinterland advancing, Tanggula Mountain, crossing the ridge section and the Tangnan section of the key projects to start, the comprehensive attack has formed a climax.
The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is known as the "roof of the world", "the third pole of the earth", is China's "source of rivers". The Qinghai-Tibet Railway built on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in this primitive, unique, fragile and sensitive geographical and ecological environment is the world's highest and longest plateau railroad, with the highest point of the railroad over the Tanggula Mountain at an altitude of 5,072 meters, and 960 kilometers of sections above 4,000 meters above sea level, and 550 kilometers of consecutive permafrost zones. Effectively protecting the ecological environment during the construction and building of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is an important task in the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and also a focus of attention at home and abroad. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the ecological environment protection of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway construction. Comrade Zhu Rongji requested that the spirit of the State Council on strengthening the protection of the ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau should be conscientiously carried out, and that the ecological environment of Qinghai and Tibet should be very much cared for, and every blade of grass and tree in Qinghai and Tibet should be very much cared for, so as to carefully protect every inch of the green land of our motherland. The ecological environmental protection work for the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway points out the direction.
Beijing, May 2 news, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway construction department introduced to the reporter on the 1st, after the Qinghai-Tibet Railway all the construction personnel **** the same efforts, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway line all the station line, auxiliary line track has been paved. So far, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway line all track laying all completed.
According to Xinhua News Agency, 1142 kilometers of track on the main line of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway from Golmud to Lhasa was paved last year. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway is a landmark project for the development of China's western region, and the construction of the project started in June 2001, and the whole line will be opened for trial operation on July 1 this year.
The Qinghai-Tibet Railway is currently the world's highest railroad, along the route of the year-round average temperature below zero degrees Celsius, the oxygen content of the air is only half of the plains. The railroad crosses the section above 4000 meters above sea level for 960 kilometers, in which the highest point over Tanggula Mountain reaches 5072 meters above sea level. In order to open and operate the Qinghai-Tibet Railway as soon as possible, tens of thousands of builders along the whole line of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, giving up holidays and other rest time, are busy for the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.
Experts say, the opening of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway will further accelerate the economic development of Tibet, Qinghai two provinces and regions, "easy to go abroad into Tibet," the history of the history of the railroad transportation will be gone, rail transportation will greatly reduce the cost of passenger and freight transportation in and out of Tibet.
"Heavenly Road" will make the "roof of the world" is no longer distant
The world's highest altitude plateau railroad - Qinghai-Tibet Railway wagon trial run on the 1st. Full start. The opening of this railroad will change the lifestyle of 2.7 million Tibetans, including the way they cook.
In front of a herdsman's tent in Dangxiong County, Tibet Autonomous Region, a 16-year-old Tibetan girl, Qunsang Drolma, smiled and said to the reporter, "When the train opens, we can cook without cow dung on the fire in our house."
In the vast Tibetan plateau, the cold winter takes up most of the year. During the long eight months, due to the lack of coal resources, cow dung is the main fuel for herders on the plateau. However, the prolonged and massive burning of cow dung deprives the grassland of its ideal fertilizer.
After the opening of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, 75% of the materials in and out of Tibet will be borne by the railroad, thus changing the shortcomings of the previous road transportation with long distance, high freight cost and great loss.
The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, known as the third pole of the earth, is famous for its high altitude, thin air, low oxygen content, strong ultraviolet rays, perennial snow, and complex climate. Paul Theroux, a modern American train traveler, wrote in his book "Traveling in China" that "with the Kunlun Mountains in place, the railroad will never reach Lhasa."
After four years of hard work, after overcoming many rare scientific and technological problems, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was completed last year, and will be put into trial operation on July 1 this year. Because it crosses the highest plateau in the world, this railroad is also known as the "heavenly road".
In the Tibetan people living on the Tibetan Plateau for generations, this amazing railroad is not only able to bring the plateau on the scarce coal transportation in, the leather cargo out, perhaps one day, generations of herdsmen herding for a living, but also to take the train to see the outside, the distance between them and the world will be drawn closer.
52-year-old Tibetan Suo Tso is a small restaurant owner in Lhasa. He said, "After the opening of the railroad, the first thing I'm going to do is to bring my partner to take the train from the doorstep to the capital city of Beijing for a tour, and then to more places to see!"
Tourism experts believe that the Qinghai-Tibet Railway will become a "golden tourism line" with unlimited business opportunities.
Huang Difu, commander of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Construction Headquarters, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency that the opening of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway will connect the Silk Road with the Potala Palace and become a new golden tourism hotline in western China. Today, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan and other provinces and regions have been with Tibet on *** with the development of tourism consultations.
Soktso said, "When tourists from all countries come in, my small restaurant will definitely be more prosperous!"
According to a study by the Tibetan Academy of Social Sciences and the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the number of people traveling to Tibet in 2010 is expected to reach 528.24 million, and the direct income from the tourism industry can reach 5.8 billion yuan. 2005, Tibet received 1.8 million domestic and foreign tourists throughout the year*** and the income from tourism was 1.93 billion yuan.
Huang Difu also told reporters that the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Company plans to open a luxury tourism train, passing through the Qinghai Lake, Kunlun Mountain, Coco Sicily, the source of the Three Rivers, the grasslands in northern Tibet, the Potala Palace, and other world-famous scenic spots.
In order to help tourists cope with possible plateau reaction, the train will be equipped with specialized oxygen supply equipment. After the completion of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway will also use infrared monitoring system, in the plateau section to do unmanned, to maintain all-weather traffic.
In addition, the company will also launch a garbage collection system and a special garbage collection train, which will centralize the transportation of domestic garbage generated along the way to Lhasa or Golmud for treatment.
The Qinghai-Tibet Railway, which starts in Xining City, Qinghai Province, and runs west to Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, is nearly 2,000 kilometers long. Trains will reach speeds of 120 kilometers per hour on the general section when it opens, and the ride from Golmud to Lhasa will take no more than 12 hours.
The Qinghai-Tibet Railway will provide two sets of oxygen supply in July 2006
April 23, 2006, according to the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Company, the trains on the Golmud-Lhasa section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, which will be opened for trial operation on July 1, 2006, will provide passengers with two sets of diffusive oxygen supply and oxygen masks to minimize the lack of oxygen in the trains.
The deputy general manager of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Company, Ma Baocheng, introduced that according to the lack of oxygen along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Company will make every effort to create a comfortable "internal environment" inside the train compartments, and set up two sets of oxygen supply methods inside the car ****, one set of diffusive oxygen supply methods similar to the central air-conditioning, which will provide passengers with two sets of oxygen supply methods. Central air conditioning", which will enable the entire carriage oxygen content to reach the plains of more than 80%%; another set of oxygen supply is set up next to the passenger seat oxygen mask, if the traveler feels that there is still a lack of oxygen in the carriages, you can take off the oxygen mask directly to inhale oxygen.
In addition, after the operation of each train will be equipped with a doctor and a nurse, to take the car first aid emergency measures.
The first "Qing 1" passenger train to Tibet started at 9 a.m. on July 1, 2006, from the Golmud Railway Station in Qinghai, heading for Lhasa in the Tibet Autonomous Region. This is the first passenger train to Lhasa, marking the beginning of the full line of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.
The whole line of the plateau "heavenly road" was opened to traffic on July 1, 2006, a day destined to be written in history. On this day, the history of Tibet's inaccessibility to passenger trains was rewritten. 1, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway celebrated the "Qing 1" and "Tibetan 2" from Golmud and Lhasa, respectively, the train for the first time on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. 2 at 00:13 on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway from Lhasa to Lanzhou, the "Tibetan 2" train was opened to the public. The "Tibet 2" passenger train arrived safely at Golmud after 13 hours and 01 minutes of traveling. This marks the opening of the entire Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the world's highest altitude and longest route mileage plateau railroad.
At 00:31 on the 2nd, the "Qing 1" train from Golmud to Lhasa arrived safely in Lhasa. From 11:05 on the 1st to arrive in Lhasa, "Qing 1" train along the way through 45 stations, lasted 13 hours and 26 minutes.
Trains into and out of Tibet started successively
At 7:20 p.m. on the 1st, Golmud Railway Station. Hundreds of passengers holding tickets for the first passenger train to Tibet, the "Qing 1" train, began to board the train one after another. 8:30 p.m., the passengers basically boarded the train. 9:00 p.m., the door closed. Xinhua News Agency, CCTV's 12 journalists were allowed to board the first train to Tibet, with real-time reports.
At 11:05 on the 1st, with the whistle blaring, the "Qing 1" train departed for Lhasa.
Seven minutes later - at 11:12 on the 1st, from Lhasa to Lanzhou, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway "Tibetan 2" passenger train also slowly started, leaving the Lhasa railway station platform 1, the train has more than 700 passengers.
Watching the whistle slowly away from the train, came to participate in the opening of the celebration of the General Assembly of the northern Tibetan Naqu herdsman Gayang said: "from horseback riding, car to train, the dream of a thousand years of ancestors, I did not think that in my generation has become a reality!
The plateau scenery is breathtaking
1 12:40, the first trip into Tibet "Qing 1" train through the Kunlun Mountain Tunnel; 13:20, over the Qingshui River Bridge. Reporters at the scene to see, Qingshuihe Bridge around the terrain is flat, wide-open view, the bridge at a glance difficult to see the end. When the train came, the Cocoanut Sicily Protected Area Administration Sonam Dajie protection station Wen Ga, Gama and several other members of the mountain patrol to the train salute.
Since then, "Qing 1" train has passed through the Yuzhufeng, not frozen spring, Chumar River, five beams, Ri A Shakuzu, Tuo Tuo River, Tongtian River, Yan Shiping, Buqiangge and other stations ...... is like a long dragon traveling in the vast plateau, breaking the tranquility of the ancient wilderness. The tranquility of the ancient wilderness.
The train traveled all the way south. Outside the window sometimes rain, sometimes snow, sometimes a rainbow appears. People really experience the Tibetan Plateau "ten miles of different days" weather. The snowy mountains, the unique scenery on the plateau attracted people's attention, "occupied" a lot of digital camera memory card storage space.
The train set a new record in railroad history
The "Tibet 2" train out of Tibet is also all the way "through the general", straight to the north.
1 14:51, after more than 310 kilometers of driving, the train through the northern Tibetan town of Nagchu railway station.
At 17:35 on the 1st, the "Tibet 2" passenger train slowly passed the Tanggula station at an altitude of 5,068 meters. This is the first time a passenger train has passed through the world's highest railway station.
1 at 17:38, the train to 84 kilometers per hour, smoothly through the elevation of 5072 meters of the world's highest railroad. More than 700 people on board had the honor of being the first passengers to take the passenger train past the highest point of the world's railroads and arrive at the world's highest railroad station.
Tibetan passenger Zhaba Wangda said: "Tanggula this even animals are difficult to survive, the train can pass, really a miracle." Passenger Zhou Jun said with deep feeling, "I am standing at the highest point of the world's railroads and I feel immensely proud."
1 18:05, the first trip into Tibet, "Qing 1" and the first time out of Tibet train "Tibetan 2" times successfully in the Buqiangge station, "shoulder to shoulder". People cheered, because it means that the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Golmud-Lhasa section has experienced the complete test of passenger trains.
Tibet is no longer no railroads and trains
"Rubbing shoulders" after the two trains have been tested on the railroad to their own destinations.
1 at 19:31, out of Tibet, "Tibet 2" passenger train wind speed, smooth through the source of the Yangtze River, the first bridge - TuoTuoHe Yangtze River source bridge and TuoTuoHe station. 20:23, the train arrived at the wind volcano tunnel. 20:46, the train passed through the Chumar River, the Yangtze River, the Yangtze River, the Yangtze River, the Yangtze River, the Yangtze River and the Yangtze River. At 20:46, the train passed the Chumar River station. 21:45, arrived at the Qingshui River Bridge. 22:20, over the world's longest plateau permafrost tunnel - Kunlun Mountain Tunnel.
1 21:18, "Qing 1" train through the Naqu station, across the northern Tibetan plateau, straight to Lhasa. Lhasa city, the sound of salutes, fireworks, people on the train waiting ......
The Qinghai-Tibet Railway opened to traffic, so that the Tibet Autonomous Region ended the history of no railroads and trains. Minister of Railways Liu Zhijun said it will surely provide strong support for the development of the western region and the promotion of comprehensive and coordinated economic and social development.