Firstly, to establish the modern consciousness of the market main body, and to cultivate its dynamism. Enterprises are one of the three main subjects of market activities, and from the perspective of production and operation, it is the most important subject, and the degree of development and perfection of the market system depends to a large extent on the initiative of enterprises in market activities. In order to enable enterprises to become real market subjects, to be dynamic in market activities and to give full play to their positivity, initiative and creativity, the task in the first place is that enterprises must be made real commodity producers and operators. This requires us to do a good job in two aspects of work: First, through the concept of change to help enterprises to strengthen the awareness of the market economy, to understand the characteristics of the market economy, to master the laws of its operation; the second is through the conversion of the system, to completely cut off the enterprise and the national administrative institutions of the "umbilical cord" relationship, cut off the enterprise to the state's "fatherly love complex", and cut off the "fatherly love complex". Secondly, through institutional transformation, the "umbilical cord" relationship between enterprises and state administrative organizations should be completely severed, and the "fatherhood complex" of enterprises to the state should be cut off, and the government's intervention in enterprises should be reduced, so as to make enterprises really become self-managed, self-supporting, self-developing, and self-restrained economic entities. Only in this way can enterprises face the market with sufficient mobility.
Secondly, active measures should be taken to cultivate a complete market structure. The integrity of the market structure refers to the availability of a variety of commodity markets, production factor markets and necessary special markets, while these markets are interconnected, mutual constraints, organic combination and constitute a whole, which is the material basis and prerequisite for the formation of the market system. Therefore, in order to cultivate the market system, the state should take corresponding measures to the enterprise production and management activities required by the various factors of production into the market circulation, the establishment of consumer goods market, the market for the means of production, the capital market, the labor market, the real estate market, the market for technology, the market for information and other types of markets, based on which, to build up the complete structure of the market system.
Thirdly, give full play to the government's macro-control function to cultivate a reasonable price system. Price is the most direct reflection of market activities in the signal and the most effective means of economic regulation. As a market variable, price should be the market supply and demand changes in the signal, should be able to flexibly, timely and accurately reflect the consumption of social labor and changes in market supply and demand conditions. Therefore, the Government should make use of its macro-regulatory function to formulate a reasonable price system, using international market prices as a frame of reference. Streamline price relations so that prices really become market signals, directly reflecting the state of market activity and playing an intrinsic regulatory and constraining role in market activity, thereby restraining the production and management activities of enterprises and standardizing their trading activities. This is an important part of the cultivation of the market system.
Fourth, the establishment of sound market regulations and cultivate a normal market order. The so-called normal market order, is to ensure that the market system and its mechanism according to its inherent laws of normal operation of the behavioral norms. Normal market order not only for the whole economic activities to create an equal competition, equal exchange conditions, and provide a set of economic subjects to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the lawful laws and regulations to constrain their behavior, to provide to ensure the operation of the market of various regulations, systems and policies. Therefore, the government should use economic, legal and administrative means to establish and improve market regulations and actively cultivate a normal market order through publicity and education, public opinion guidance, government supervision and other measures.
Fifthly, make overall arrangements and macro-coordination to cultivate the material foundation needed for the market system. Transportation, information technology, infrastructure and so on are the basic conditions needed for the development of the market system. Therefore, the state should take the overall situation of fostering a complete market system as a whole, and make overall arrangements and macro-coordination for the construction of these basic material conditions, which is an important part of fostering the market system. In addition, the development of the market system is also subject to the overall socio-economic, scientific and cultural development level, as well as people's attitudes and qualities of the constraints, these conditions are more need for the state to coordinate the planning, strengthen the cultivation.
I. Accelerating the construction of a unified and sound national open market
The first and foremost task of building a modern market system is to accelerate the formation of a unified and open national market, and to promote the realization of the free flow of commodities and factors across regions. This is an inherent requirement for further improving the socialist market economic system, enhancing the function of market resource allocation and improving the efficiency of economic operation. It is essential to abolish various market-dividing provisions that impede fair competition, set up administrative barriers and exclude foreign products and services, and to break down administrative monopolies, industry monopolies, economic monopolies and regional blockades, so as to enhance the unity of the market. The formulation of the Anti-Monopoly Law should be accelerated, and administrative monopolies, industrial monopolies and economic monopolies should be included in the scope of regulation of the Anti-Monopoly Law, so as to increase anti-monopoly efforts; speed up the formulation or revision of laws, regulations and governmental rules on the protection and promotion of fair competition, so as to ensure that all kinds of economic entities are given a fair opportunity to enter the market; regulate governmental behavior in accordance with the law, and define the government's competence and behavior with regard to market access and market operation, and increase the openness of the market access procedure. behavior, define the government's authority and behavior in market access and market operation, and increase the openness of market access procedures and the transparency of access; in response to the problem of segmentation of the domestic market, strengthen the coordinating mechanism for breaking regional blockades, and eliminate administrative barriers, local protection, and other market-segmenting behaviors; and push forward the process of modern circulation, actively develop e-commerce, chain operations, logistics and distribution, and other modern circulation methods, and promote the free flow of commodities and various factors and full competition throughout the country.
Second, to further improve and enhance the commodity market
Vigorously develop the commodity market is to adapt to China's new industrialization and the global industrial division of labor requirements, and to promote the speed and efficiency of economic operations continue to improve an effective way. It is conducive to guiding consumption, expanding consumption, meeting the growing material and cultural needs of the people, and improving the people's standard of living; it is conducive to giving play to the pioneering role of circulation, lowering transaction costs, accelerating the speed of circulation, and promoting the transformation of the mode of economic growth; it is conducive to increasing employment, improving the living environment of the residents, and promoting the prosperity of the city.
The goal of perfecting the commodity market system should be: in accordance with the requirements of establishing a unified, open, competitive and orderly modern market system, on the basis of optimizing the structure, and strive to expand the scale of the market, improve the function of the market, and set up a modern commodity circulation network system. A commodity market system with a reasonable layout, optimized structure, complete functions, perfect system and high level of modernization will initially be formed. By 2010, total retail sales of consumer goods are expected to exceed 10 trillion yuan; sales of means of production are expected to exceed 20 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of more than 11 percent. 2006 total retail sales of consumer goods are expected to reach 7.6 trillion yuan, an increase of about 13 percent; total sales of means of production are expected to reach 15.7 trillion yuan, an increase of about 12 percent. The focus of the construction of commodity market system should be:
1, further improve the market of daily consumer goods
To enhance and improve the urban commercial function as the core, the central business district, regional commercial centers, community business and professional characteristics of the scientific planning and layout of the street, the formation of a clear function, a reasonable division of labor and multi-level urban business pattern. Adjust and optimize the structure of retail industry. Great efforts should be made to transform and adjust the traditional retail industry, promote the transformation and integration of large-scale department store enterprises, guide small and medium-sized department stores to adjust their business, and promote the transformation and upgrading of small commodity markets and daily-use industrial products retail and trading markets. The orderly development of warehousing malls, specialty stores, stores and other new forms of business, the moderate development of large supermarkets, control the development of large shopping centers. Vigorously develop community commercial service system. Convenience of residents' daily life as the focus of development of community business, and constantly enhance the community commercial service functions, pay attention to community commercial facilities supporting the construction of a set of shopping, catering, living services and leisure and other multi-functional community business system. Continue to implement the "Ten Thousand Villages and Thousand Villages" project. To solve the problem of poor distribution channels for consumer goods in rural areas, the Ministry of Commerce has accelerated the extension of urban distribution networks and modern distribution methods to rural areas. The Ministry of Commerce proposed to build and renovate 100,000 standard farm stores in 2006, and by the end of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, strive to cover more than 85% of the townships and 65% of the administrative villages in the country. This goal is feasible, and should be taken into account as an important aspect of the construction of a new socialist countryside, and take measures to put it into practice. Implementing the "brand revitalization" plan. The realization of the current focus on cultivating product brands, to product brands, enterprise brands, regional brands and international brands and other brand competition strategy.
2, accelerate the construction of agricultural market system
Oriented around the construction of a new socialist countryside, the construction of smooth and efficient, convenient and safe circulation system of agricultural products. Improve the standard system and monitoring system in the circulation of agricultural products, and implement the quality and safety control of the whole process of procurement, storage, processing, transportation and sales. Encourage and guide agricultural products to enter the retail market directly. Increase the proportion of agricultural products in supermarket chains, convenience stores and other new retail business, the proportion of agricultural products in new retail business in developed countries in the proportion of sales in more than 60%, China in five years should be raised to at least 1 / 3 or more. Vigorously transform and upgrade the wholesale market for agricultural products. Promote the standardization of the key wholesale market for agricultural products, optimize the regional layout and functional coordination of the wholesale market for agricultural products, "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period should focus on cultivating the influence and radiance of the national and cross-regional large-scale standardized wholesale market, the construction of a number of standardized and modernized regional and local standardized wholesale market. Steady development of agricultural futures markets. Gradually launch the bulk agricultural futures that provide producers and consumers with price discovery and hedging functions, study and summarize the experience of futures trading in agricultural products such as wheat, cotton, soybeans and sugar, and create conditions for the active and steady use of futures markets to hedge risks and regulate supply and demand functions, and improve the voice of China's agricultural products in the formation of prices in the international market.
3, to promote innovation in the means of production market
In accordance with the requirements of the modern mode of production, the development of diversified means of production mode of operation. The use of information technology and modern logistics technology to transform the circulation of the means of production. Integration of the traditional means of production circulation, accelerate the form of organization and marketing model innovation, and give full play to its scale, network, facilities and talents and other advantages. For the production link is concentrated, high degree of standardization of steel, coal, oil and other bulk means of production, encourage enterprises to use the direct supply of distribution methods, reduce the circulation link. Innovative marketing methods. Encourage the production materials market to establish an information system, explore online trading and other new trading modes. The implementation of the bidding procurement system, the raw materials and equipment required for large-scale projects, and promote large-scale enterprises to establish a centralized and unified procurement center. Encourage the development of membership-based sales and "limited purchase and self-shipping" supermarket chains with a small wholesale nature, and support the accelerated development of "industrial goods supermarkets". On the basis of further promoting buyout agents, actively develop commission agents. Promote the upgrading of production materials markets. Relying on large and medium-sized cities, transportation hubs and industrial clusters, adjust and optimize the structure of the market for means of production, actively explore online trading of bulk commodities, bill trading, membership trading and other forms of trading, and regulate the trading of bulk means of production in the medium- and long-term transactions and bill trading behavior.
Three, cultivate and develop the factor market, improve the price formation mechanism
China's market system construction of the weak link, is the construction of the factor market lagging behind relative to the commodity market, especially various types of factors in the market supply and demand to determine the price of the mechanism has not yet formed. Accelerating the cultivation and development of the factor market and reforming the price formation mechanism of the factor market is the focus of improving the modern market system.
1. Cultivate and develop the factor market
Continue to develop the land market. Improve and perfect the way the government manages the land market, establish a market-oriented pricing mechanism for land transactions, the right to use land for business purposes is always offered through bidding, auction and listing, and the market determines the land users and the price of land transfers, so as to further give full play to the fundamental role of the market in the allocation of land resources. The land tax system and the management of the secondary market for land should be improved, a mechanism for restraining the occupation of resources should be established, and economic, legal and administrative means should be utilized in an integrated manner in order to effectively protect farmers' rights to land and property. Actively develop the labor market. The focus is on establishing and improving market-oriented labor mechanisms, rationally guiding the flow of labor, and building a labor force that is compatible with China's economic and social development and matches market demand. Eliminate all kinds of unreasonable systems that impede the reasonable flow of labor, create an environment of equal competition for employment, establish a sound social security system, and set up a social service system for diversified labor employment and professional skills cultivation. Further improve the technology market. Promote the efficient transformation of technological achievements into real-life productive forces, revitalize the main players in the technology market, liberalize the elements of the technology market, broaden the scope of the technology market, and expand the functions of the technology market. Encourage research institutes, institutions of higher learning, large and medium-sized enterprises, rural technical and economic cooperation organizations and other market players to enter the technology market for technology transactions. Vigorously develop the capital market. Establish a multi-level capital market system, improve the structure of the capital market and enrich capital market products. Strengthen the basic system construction of the market, and fundamentally solve the contradiction between the capital market and the market demand and the national economy. We will actively and steadily promote the reform of equity distribution, advance the construction of venture capital and venture capital market, standardize and develop the main board market, actively expand the bond market, and expand direct financing.
2, improve the price formation mechanism of the factor market
Speed up the pace of resource price reform, further reduce the government's intervention in resource allocation and price formation, and effectively establish a price formation mechanism reflecting the market supply and demand, the degree of scarcity of resources, and the cost of pollution losses. The current focus is on five aspects: First, comprehensively promote water price reform. Expand the scope of water resource fee collection, improve the collection standard; the implementation of farmers-oriented terminal water price system, and gradually increase the price of agricultural water; the full introduction of sewage charges, as soon as possible to adjust the sewage charges to the level of capital preservation and profitability; and reasonably increase the price of water conservancy projects and urban water supply, and so on. The second is to actively promote electricity price reform. Gradually establish a price formation mechanism in which the price of electricity generation and sale is formed by market competition and the price of transmission and distribution is set by the government. The price of feed-in tariffs will be set by the government and gradually transitioned to be formed by market competition. Third, improve the oil and gas pricing mechanism. In accordance with the principle of price convergence with the international market, establish an oil price formation mechanism that reflects changes in oil prices in the international market and takes into account supply and demand in the domestic market, production costs and the affordability of society. Fourth, the full realization of coal price marketization. Reduce the government's intervention in the formation of coal prices; study the accounting method that comprehensively reflects the cost of coal resources, production costs and environmental costs; improve the coal and power price linkage mechanism, and realize the benign interaction of coal and power prices through the market-oriented approach. Fifth, improve the land price formation mechanism. Make land prices truly reflect the supply and demand in the land market and the value of land, and reflect the scarcity of land resources. Strictly control the scope of administratively allocated land, expand the scope of the bidding, auctioning and listing of operational land, and reduce the amount of land granted by agreement. To promote the reform of resource prices, the relationship between different interest groups should be properly dealt with, in particular, give full consideration to the affordability of low-income groups.
Four, accelerate the development of the service industry, especially the modern service industry
This is an important part of the modern market system, is the development of a market with great potential. To promote the combination of modern service industry and traditional service industry, productive service industry and living service industry, urban service industry and rural service industry, to create a favorable institutional environment, policy environment and market environment, to promote the accelerated development of service industry. The main focus is on expanding productive and consumer services, refining and deepening the specialized division of labor, reducing social transaction costs, and improving the efficiency of resource allocation and the level of social services. Priority is given to the development of the transportation industry. Rational layout of transportation infrastructure, so that the various modes of transportation effective connection, effective combination, effective configuration, improve the degree of *** enjoyment and utilization. Vigorously develop the modern logistics industry. In accordance with the concept and technology of modern logistics to transform the traditional logistics mode, the establishment of a new supply chain system, the active development of third-party logistics services, and the cultivation of specialized logistics enterprises. Develop the financial service industry in an orderly manner. Improve the financial system, improve service functions, innovate service varieties and improve service quality. Develop comprehensive financial services and online financial services, including financing services, wealth management services, leasing services and venture capital. Broaden the field of insurance services and actively develop pension insurance, medical insurance, agricultural insurance, liability insurance and other services. Actively develop the information service industry. Improve basic postal and telecommunication services, vigorously develop value-added services, promote universal services, and develop Internet industry services. Actively develop e-commerce, accelerate the promotion of e-government, integrate network resources, and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the utilization of information resources. Standardize the development of business services. In particular, the development of intermediary services centered on providing services that play a fundamental role in the market mechanism. Such as consulting services, investment and asset management services, scientific and technological services, legal services, information technology services, accounting and auditing services, tax and asset evaluation services, intellectual property services and other industries. Continue to develop and enrich the consumer service industry. Such as commerce, catering, elderly services, property management and other industries. Focus on the development of community services with strong employment-absorbing capacity. Accelerate the development of public service industries, such as medical care, education, health, water supply, gas supply, heating, public **** transportation, sewage treatment, garbage disposal, power supply, communications, postal services and other public service industries.
Fifth, continue to standardize and rectify the market order
Establishment of a modern market system, must continue to rectify and standardize the market order. It is necessary to strengthen the market legal system, accelerate the construction of the legal system, institutional construction and the construction of the social credit system, in particular, accelerate the establishment of a modern social credit system, the establishment of a mechanism to penalize the breach of trust, improve the cost of breach of trust and crime and mistakes, and establish a long-term mechanism to maintain market order. Focusing on special work to combat commercial bribery throughout the country, efforts are being made to resolve problems that are highly public-spirited, closely related to the people's immediate interests, and disruptive of the market economic order; emphasis is being placed on combating commercial bribery in the areas of engineering and construction, land transfer, property rights trading, pharmaceutical purchases and sales, government procurement, resource development, and commodities distribution, and on further standardizing the order of the marketplace, the behavior of enterprises, and administrative power. We have concentrated on continuing to improve the special rectification of food and medicines, which are directly related to people's health and life safety, and have severely punished counterfeiting, commercial fraud, smuggling and trafficking, tax evasion and fraud and financial and securities crimes, as well as cracking down on pyramid selling and disguised pyramid selling activities. Intellectual property protection has been stepped up. "To cure the chaos, we need to use heavy punishment", to increase the crackdown on various types of illegal and criminal activities, purify the market environment and social environment.