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Britain is one of the world's economic powers, and its GDP in 2007 ranked fifth in the world. The proportion of British manufacturing industry in the national economy has declined; The proportion of service industry and energy is increasing, among which commerce, finance and insurance are developing rapidly. Tourism is one of the most important economic sectors in Britain. The annual output value is more than 70 billion pounds, and tourism income accounts for about 5% of the world's tourism income. Different from countries that pay attention to scenic tourism, British royal culture and museum culture are the biggest attractions of tourism. The main tourist attractions are London, Edinburgh, Cardiff, Brighton, Greenwich, Stratford, Oxford and Cambridge. Britain is the fourth largest trading country in the world, accounting for more than 5% of the total world trade, and exports of goods and services account for about 25% of GDP. Britain mainly exports machinery, automobiles, aviation equipment, electrical and electronic products, chemical products and petroleum, and mainly imports raw materials and food. Britain is also the sixth largest overseas investor and the sixth largest foreign aid country in the world. London is the financial and trade center of the world. Tourism is one of the most important economic sectors in Britain. In 200 1 year, the output value of tourism reached 72.8 billion pounds; In terms of tourism revenue, Britain was the seventh largest tourist country in the world in 200 1 year, accounting for 3.4% of the world's tourism revenue. In March 2002, the number of employees was 2.056 million, of which about1480,000 were freelancers. In 200 1 year, the output value of domestic tourism in Britain was about 59.5 billion pounds. In 200 1 year, the number of foreign tourists coming to Britain reached 22.8 million, 9% less than that in 2000. Among them, tourists from Western Europe decreased by 8% to 65.438+02.87 million, tourists from North America decreased by 6.5438+03% to 4.23 million, tourists from other regions decreased by 9% to 3.75 million, and the total income from overseas tourism was 65.438+065.438+03 million. Business tourism revenue is 3.4 billion pounds, accounting for 30% of the total overseas tourism revenue, and there is a trend of sustainable development. In 200 1 year, domestic tourists earned 59.5 billion pounds. In 2000, the total turnover of British hotels was 56.6 billion pounds, an increase of 7.2% over 2000. 200 1 year, there are more than 60,000 hotels in Britain. There are 50,000 registered catering enterprises, with a total turnover of 654.38+82 million pounds, an increase of 654.38+0. 1% over 2000. There are about 49,500 pubs of various types, which has decreased by 8% since 1990. The mad cow disease and the "September 1 1 incident" broke out in February 20001year, which seriously affected the British tourism industry, with a loss of1500 million pounds. The service industry includes financial insurance, retail, tourism and business services (providing legal and consulting services, etc.). ). It has developed rapidly in recent years. By the end of 2000/kloc-0, there were 22.8 million employees, accounting for 77.5% of the total employed population. The gross output value of 200 1 is 1% higher than that of 2000, and its added value accounts for 7 1.4% of the added value of GDP. London is a world-famous financial center, engaged in transnational bank loans, foreign exchange transactions, international bond issuance, fund investment and other businesses. It is also the world's largest insurance market, the largest spot gold market and ship loan market, and an important non-precious metal trading center. The financial industry is the main force of Britain's trade balance, accounting for more than 5% of GDP, with more than 654.38+million employees, reaching a record of 654.38+32 billion pounds. After the Labor government came to power, it carried out the financial supervision reform for the first time, and established the Financial Services Authority in June 1998, replacing the original supervision function of the Bank of England. The British government encourages foreign investment in Britain and regards it as an effective way to introduce new technologies, new products, new management methods, increase employment and export. In recent years, Britain has become the first choice for foreign investors to invest in Europe. In 200 1 year, Britain attracted a total of 53.8 billion US dollars of foreign investment, ranking third in the world. The United States is the largest investor in Britain, accounting for 48.4%, followed by Germany, Canada and Japan, accounting for 8.2%, 6.4% and 5.9% respectively. Investment fields include automobiles, communications, information, electronics, medical equipment, financial services, food and beverage, etc. Investment forms include the acquisition and merger of existing enterprises, the expansion of existing production plants, the establishment of scientific research bases or regional headquarters of multinational companies. In 2000, foreign direct investment in Britain was 86.2 billion pounds, securities investment was174.6 billion pounds, and other investments were 2865438+08 billion pounds. By the end of 2000, the accumulated foreign direct investment in Britain was 323.5 billion pounds, the total securities investment was 1032 1 billion pounds, and other investments were1685.3 billion pounds, totaling 3,040.8 billion pounds. Sixth, the military [edit this paragraph] was built in the middle of 17 century. The queen is the nominal supreme commander of the British army. The highest military decision-making body is the "National Defense and Overseas Policy Committee", which is chaired by the Prime Minister and includes the ministers of national defense, foreign affairs, interior affairs and finance. When necessary, the chiefs of staff of the national defense and the three armed forces attended the meeting as nonvoting delegates. The Ministry of National Defense is the executive organ of national defense, the administrative department of the government and the highest military command organ. Britain is a founding member and a major member of the NATO group, with independent nuclear power. The core of national strategy is to actively participate in world affairs and safeguard Britain's international status; Relying on and using NATO's collective defense forces to defend the security of Europe and Britain and expand Britain's influence in Europe; Actively strengthen ties with Commonwealth countries and protect their extensive overseas interests. In July, 2004, the British government announced the largest military adjustment plan in recent ten years, adjusting the armed forces structure and military equipment of the armed forces of the army, navy and air force, so as to increase the flexibility and maneuverability of the troops in long-range operations, so as to better meet the needs of modern wars and effectively deal with the global threats of 2 1 century. According to the figures provided by the British Ministry of Defence, the total strength of the British army is about 205,600, including army 10.95 million, navy 42,400 and air force 53,700. The defense budget in fiscal year 2004-2005 was about 29.7 billion pounds, and it is expected to increase to 33.4 billion pounds in fiscal year 2007-2008. 7. Culture [Edit this paragraph] Religion In Britain, everyone enjoys religious freedom. As a result, different religious beliefs are flourishing in the central area of Britain. There are two "official" churches in Britain: the Church of England (Anglican Church) and the church of scotland (Presbyterian Church). In addition, different religions and countless sects can find their representatives in Britain. The vast majority of British people believe in Christianity, although the number of believers going to church is not large at present, only about 165438+ 10,000 people a week. Muslims are the largest non-Christian group in Britain (more than 6.5438+0.5 million). In addition, Hinduism, Sikhism and Judaism also have a large number of followers, and the number is still growing. Another product of Britain's long and diverse religious history is the breathtaking churches, monasteries and monasteries all over Britain. Glastonbury Abbey, where the Celts held religious activities, once played an important role in the legend of King Arthur. Canterbury Cathedral is also very dramatic. According to legend, St. Augustine came to England from Rome in 597 to spread the gospel. Five years later, he presided over the construction of Canterbury Cathedral. Many historical figures with distinctive personalities have been born in the religious history of Britain, including Henry VIII, who initiated the Protestant Reformation in England, and St Patrick, who is full of mystery. Now the whole world celebrates his festival every year. And/kloc-Richard, the lionhearted king in the legendary Robin Hood in the 20th century. Museums and Art Gallery Today's generation and their descendants are very lucky, because Britain has been collecting and cataloguing works of art for a long time. Various cultural relics collected and displayed by many museums and art galleries in Britain have become a rare treasure house for people to know about art, culture and history at home and abroad. British museums include major national collections and about 65,438+0,000 independent museums, of which nearly 800 are sponsored by local governments. The British Museum in London has the largest collection of cultural relics in Britain, and almost all major disciplines can find inexhaustible sources of knowledge here. At the same time, it displays thousands of precious cultural relics, including art treasures from ancient Egypt, the ancient Assyrian kingdom and ancient Greece, and is an out-and-out art treasure house. The British Museum also holds various special exhibitions and performances, and provides various types of guided tours. In addition, the courtyard and dome of the newly completed British Museum are outstanding works of art in themselves. Another very attractive place is the National Museum of Science and Industry, which includes the Science Museum and its branches in various regions, the National Railway Museum in Yorkshire and the National Museum of Photography, Film and Television in Bradford. The Scottish National Museum and the National Art Gallery also have rich collections of artistic works ... The newly-built museum of scotland is dedicated to collecting cultural relics related to national history and soon became famous for its imaginative exhibits. Other museums in Scotland are theme museums, including the Museum of Flying, the Museum of Clothing, the Museum of War and the Museum of Agriculture. The collections of the National Museum of Wales and the Northern Ireland Art Museum in Cardiff are not only exquisite works of art, but also many works of art and cultural relics representing local culture. Independent museums and art galleries in Britain collect and display various themes, including a lawn mower museum for people who are keen on mowing lawns. In Britain, many cities, including London, Birmingham, Coventry, Manchester, Ipswich, Grampian and Belfast, have built special museums with the theme of traffic history, and many old cars of the 20th century are also on display. However, in Britain, there are more special museums with amazing aviation history as their theme.