On the warehouse management paper reference article 1
An introduction to the practical application and optimization of warehouse management
Abstract: With the development of the times, the social professional division of labor is increasingly detailed. In the enterprise's entire economic activities and production and supply chain, warehousing plays an increasing role, the article mainly outlines the warehouse in the entire economic activities and production and supply chain in the status and role of the analysis of the actual work, the discovery, the existence of the problem, the analysis of how to improve our warehousing management in the actual warehousing management work, the warehouse program design, and the application of the work of optimization.
Keywords: warehouse management, design, application, optimization .
First, the importance of warehouse management
The production and profitability of enterprises and the development of enterprise warehousing is closely related to the beginning of the industrialization era with the production of materials warehousing, with the development of the times enterprise warehousing has formed a considerable scale, but also injected it into more content. Enterprise warehousing is connected to production, supply, material value of the important links to promote production efficiency plays an important role in supporting the warehouse management is the management of warehousing and storage materials, is the organization, control and coordination process. In the practical application of warehousing management, including the acquisition of warehousing resources, warehousing materials contract implementation of business management, warehousing process management, warehousing operations management, custodial management, safety management and other work and related operations, in the enterprise's entire economic activities and production and supply chain has an important position and role.
Second, the current situation of warehouse management, problems
The work of warehousing management, including the process and management of two parts: the process includes the receipt of goods, inspection, storage, classification, according to the quota of materials and supply. Management includes: space layout, storage management, storage and handling equipment selection, information technology applications and inventory. The entire work chain is often faced with many problems, how to better optimize the enterprise warehouse management, we need to open more brains, in order to make our work more efficient and convenient.
In the majority of enterprises in the automated warehouse in the actual production work to establish and use relatively fewer than since 1980, only the establishment of 300 or so automated warehouses, then in this case according to the actual situation of the warehouse how to choose the location and construction in order to make the management of a more efficient and vital, often the warehouse in the case of faster progress in the completion of the case, put into use will be there are a few problems: using simple Material design and construction, without the use of steel and cement, in the case of cost savings, but also for the actual work of the later bring a lot of problems, such as encountering the rainy season and strong winds, the warehouse noise, shelves, zero small spare parts are easy to fall, easy to moisture, the winter warehouse cold summer hot and dry. Construction in the construction of rough, so that the warehouse after using a period of time to constantly carry out lighting transformation, power transformation to the actual work of mechanical operation and work to bring hidden dangers. Therefore, in the warehouse site construction should be from a long-term perspective, research, better facilitate long-term use and future arrangements.
Third, optimize and enhance our warehouse management
How to enhance our warehouse management, reflected in the design of the warehouse program, the actual management of the application of optimization:
(1) storage space demand design
In the design of the storage space demand, including two aspects, one is the need for how much storage space, including the total demand for space and the demand for space for each commodity. The second is the spare parts should be stored in the warehouse in what location, that is, storage space design.
(2) demand space design
Calculation of warehouse demand area, first of all, to calculate the average inventory of materials in the warehouse, and secondly, to understand the characteristics of the stored items, such as weight, volume, etc. to determine the storage of the items, the general storage methods including shelf storage and stacking storage in two ways. Next, determine the optimal average inventory level, the so-called optimal average inventory level is to determine the average inventory level can truly reflect the average inventory level in most months. Again, to determine the storage of goods, different storage methods under the required warehouse area is different, the goods in the warehouse storage method is divided into two kinds of flat stacking storage and shelf storage, which flat stacking storage according to the characteristics of the goods can be divided into a single layer and multi-storey way, during the period of time should also take into account the different heights of the shelves and storage of different goods, the required aisle width is also different. Finally, is the estimated warehouse functional area area, the total demand for inventory area determination, through the warehouse storage area calculation and other functional areas and auxiliary areas of the area estimation, summarize the sum of the area, you can calculate the total demand for warehouse area. Area estimation should be considered in the long term,
N years in the future after the required area of the warehouse = the existing warehouse area? (1 + annual business incremental percentage)n
The area required for the next N years = the existing warehouse area? Growth coefficient (growth coefficient is determined empirically, it responds to the growth rate of the business as well.
(3) storage space design
Storage space design is the most critical to grasp the principle of commodity storage: 3.1 close to the exit principle, for the high frequency of goods in and out of the warehouse needs to be placed close to the exit to reduce the amount of work; 3.2 weight and size of the principle of large-scale materials into the appropriate warehouse, precision materials should be guaranteed to ensure that the storage of security; 3.3 materials should be taken into account in the characteristics of the material, materials, classification into the warehouse needs to be kept at a constant temperature is not easy to store. Classification into the warehouse needs to be kept at a constant temperature is not easy to moisture, flammable materials into the appropriate library, should not be put together; 3.4 first-in-first-out principle, to ensure that the quality of materials and quality. 3.5 face to face the principle of the channel, the important information or signage, etc. to the direction of the channel to ensure that in the entry and exit of the warehouse, inventory easy to observe.
(4) handling equipment selection design
In the long-term warehouse materials management, with the continuous increase of various types of materials, in order to be more scientific and technological materials more efficient management, for precision materials management tools and large-scale equipment details have more requirements, so that the materials management tools are also constantly upgraded and updated.
In the specific practical work, electric trucks, forklifts, forklifts, hydraulic pallet trucks, carts, turtle trucks, cage cars have been applied. Forklift trucks as an example forklift attachments include: tandem bars, container spreader, side shift fork, bucket, side clamp, tipping fork, lifting arm, forging clamp, rotary clamp. State-owned power stations, small and medium-sized goods, wooden crates, woven bags, life jackets and other flood control materials, equipment spare parts forklift can meet the daily material handling and finishing requirements. For large equipment materials such as switchgear, no spool of cable, turbine cover, steel plate, foundation ring, etc. need to use pallet containers, pallet containers currently have seven categories: a , double-sided type flat pallet (containing the longitudinal beams, panels, fork holes) b, single-sided type flat pallet (contains 3 * 3 fork holes) c, pallet (contains 4 leg columns) d, column pallet e, mesh box pallet (contains a four-sided mesh side) f, plate box pallet g, container. Relatively speaking, the work of the application of more double-sided type flat pallet, single-sided type flat pallet. The traveling car needs to be equipped with a ring set, wire rope, sling, etc..
(5) storage equipment, information technology applications and inventory
SOE equipment storage management in the work program to the traditional mode of operation, spare parts in and out of storage, there is a long time-consuming; documents, such as more problems; production operation of waste materials, in the delineation of the region of the warehouse more and more, many times beyond the delineation of the regional scope of the treatment of waste materials must be to find a qualified Waste disposal dealers to deal with, from recycling to destruction, are required to invest in many costs, so to accurately analyze the department's demand for goods beforehand, and carefully analyze the reasons for the generation of waste and scrap materials, so in advance to do a good job in the management of the existing materials has brought a lot of work. Whether it is the existing procurement materials or years of deposition or production operation of end-of-life materials are involved in the inventory, the traditional inventory is based on the inventory list, time-consuming, individual items to find the number of times to review. In contrast, the application of information technology in the information age has highlighted its advantages, in the current warehouse management RF inventory based on RF terminal display of goods information. Specifically do: inventory preparation, RF scanning storage, goods scanning goods information at a glance, quantity input, determine the total number of inventory and system information is consistent with the inventory to confirm the end of the inventory; no discrepancy query, discrepancy processing, inventory confirmation, the end of the inventory. And so on, warehouse management system (WMS), radio frequency identification (RFID), computer-aided practice system (DPS) and other information technology in warehouse management is used to establish and improve the logistics information system suitable for the actual needs of enterprises, for private enterprises and state-owned enterprises now and in the future development has an important role.
About Warehouse Management Thesis Reference Article 2
Explore the modern warehouse management of nuclear power plants
Nuclear power, as a safe and clean energy, has been confirmed by practice. In order to meet the power needs, optimize the energy structure, promote sustained economic development, ease the pressure of transportation, etc., the country put forward the development of nuclear power in due course of the major decisions, so that China's nuclear power development to the fast lane, the importance of nuclear power will be increasingly apparent. The development of nuclear power, nuclear power construction and operation management level must be improved; nuclear power enterprises warehousing management as an important part of it, but also must have a level appropriate to it, because warehousing management is directly related to the safe and stable operation of nuclear power units and nuclear power enterprises, economic benefits, is the center of nuclear power logistics. Nuclear power warehousing management and general logistics warehousing management compared with the distinctive features it is different from the general warehousing management, the types of spare parts tens of thousands, which increases the difficulty of warehousing management. How in the rapid development of international logistics environment, combined with their own characteristics, absorb the long, improve the level of nuclear power plant warehouse management, so that the nuclear power plant unit safety, stability, efficient operation of dry to out of the due contribution, is the purpose of nuclear power warehouse management.
1 warehousing characteristics
1.1 The meaning of warehousing
Warehousing is the storage and custody of goods through the warehouse. In a broad sense, warehousing management is the storage of goods in the logistics process, the transit process and the resulting merchandise handling, packaging, sorting, sorting, finishing, follow-up processing and a series of activities such as business management. Warehousing activities exist in all stages of socio-economic activities and industries, the form and content of warehousing management has considerable differences.
Warehouse management work includes the following aspects of the content: 1) the site and construction of the warehouse; 2) the choice of warehouse machinery operations and configuration; 3) warehouse operations organization and processes; 4) the application of warehouse management technology; 5) warehouse operations management; 6) warehousing integrated cost control.
Warehouse management tasks: rational planning of the network of warehousing facilities; rational selection of warehousing facilities and equipment; strict control of the quality of goods in and out; careful custody of goods in the warehouse; to ensure that the warehouse operates efficiently; reduce the cost of warehousing operations; to ensure that the warehouse operation safety.
1.2 Characteristics of modern warehouse management
The characteristics of modern warehouse management is determined by the content of warehouse management. With the development of society and the progress of science, warehouse management is characterized by economic, technical and comprehensive.
1) economic: warehousing activities are an important part of socialized mass production, and warehousing activities are also productive. And other production activities, the same as the creation of commodity value, and with the increase in the content of warehousing activities, the realization of the scope of commodity value is also gradually expanding.
2) technical: with the progress of science and technology, in modern warehousing management, warehousing operations mechanization, warehousing management of information technology, the application of various new technologies has become the trend.
3) comprehensive: modern warehouse management contains new technologies, new equipment, new management concepts and methods, involving a wide range of industries. To comprehensively utilize the theories of various disciplines, commodity management, inventory control, to ensure the normal production and circulation of goods, reduce costs.
2 nuclear power plant warehouse management characteristics
Due to the different purposes of warehouse management, nuclear power enterprises, warehouse management, and traditional warehousing enterprises are different, specifically reflected in the following aspects.
2.1 More types of items
Nuclear power plant items include mechanical, electrical, chemical, etc., a wide variety. In order to facilitate the management of nuclear power plants according to the important characteristics of the items, generally divided into A, B, C, D four levels, in addition to the class of hazardous chemicals.
Examples of class A items: special electronic instruments, electronic equipment; special materials; original fuel, fuel components, etc. Examples of class B items: testing instruments, electrical instruments; welding machines, welding rods and wires; control rods drive mechanism, etc. Examples of class C items: pumps; valves; components in the reactor; emergency turbines, etc. Examples of class D items: water tanks; heat exchangers and components; reactor pressure vessels; steam generators, etc. Examples of class D items: water tanks; heat exchangers and components; reactor pressure vessels; steam generators, etc. Examples of class D items: water tanks; heat exchangers and components; reactor pressure vessels; steam generators, etc. Steam generator, etc. Examples of hazardous chemical classes: acid, alkali and other corrosive items; paints, alcohol, acetone, turpentine and other flammable products; compressed gases, flammable gases; ammonia.
2.2 Warehouse types and quantities
With a wide range of items corresponds to the nuclear power plant has built the appropriate level and standard of storage facilities. Warehousing facilities are divided into five classes: Class A (temperature and humidity controlled storage), Class B (humidity controlled storage), Class C (room temperature indoor storage), Class D (open yard), Class E (hazardous materials storage). Items of each class need to be stored in the storage place of the corresponding class. Mixed storage of different levels of items, the highest level of items should prevail.
2.3 Meet the management requirements of nuclear power
Compared with the general industry, the management requirements of the nuclear power industry is relatively high. In the warehousing work is mainly reflected in: a clear division of responsibility for each position; strict management of the warehouse; items need to arrive at the site to participate in the acceptance of multiple witnesses, qualified before entering the warehouse; practitioners require high quality.
2.4 Inventory is more adequate
In order to control costs, the general industry will choose to effectively reduce inventory on the basis of guaranteed supply, such as ? Purchasing for orders and reducing inventory? theory, etc. Inventory control in the nuclear power industry is more complex due to its special characteristics. The inventory of nuclear power plants is mainly considered from the perspective of ensuring the safe and stable operation of the unit, the inventory is generally more adequate, inventory control to be optimized.
2. 5 part of the spare parts storage, maintenance requirements
Some spare parts, especially strategic spare parts, not only for the ? two prevention and two control? There are strict requirements, and there are also powder special maintenance requirements (such as some equipment spare parts according to be kept in a nitrogen environment). Nuclear spare parts integrity, availability, the relationship between the powder nuclear power unit safety, stable operation, spare parts, especially strategic spare parts must be maintained in good condition, available state, these spare parts need to prepare a special maintenance program, warehousing department in accordance with the requirements of the program maintenance, if they do not have the ability to or casting professional and technical personnel to carry out the importance of maintenance, should be timely to the other departments concerned with the operation of the application to assist in the completion of maintenance work. Complete the maintenance work.
3 nuclear power plant modern warehousing management process
3.1 Receiving
Warehousing management work begins with the receipt of goods. Items arrive at the scene, notified by the Inspection Division Warehousing Division, Warehousing Division of the organization of the items for the receipt of goods, according to the characteristics of the items to choose the appropriate lifting program, and designate the appropriate storage location. Warehousing loading and unloading equipment, including car cranes, trucks, forklifts, etc.; equipment maintenance materials, including cushions, tarpaulins, various types of tools and so on. Equipment selection is mainly considered: nuclear power plant unit size; loading and unloading of the characteristics of the item and use; mode of transportation, packaging and so on.
3.2 Storage
Before storage, the Inspection Division and Warehousing Division of the organization of the items to open the box inspection. Unpacking inspection, to carefully check the packing list on the name, specifications, quantity and other information with the physical match, strict quality control. Acceptance is completed after filling out the unpacking inspection report, if defects are found, then the item inspection defects processing notice issued; and then in accordance with the goods storage level, the allocation of cargo space and in place; Finally, the warehouse personnel will be entered into the warehouse management system, to complete the storage.
3.3 Storage
The storage phase of the library is mainly in accordance with the storage requirements of the items, take measures to ensure that the quality of the items stored in the library does not produce a reduction. Items stored during the period, to do a good job of moisture-proof, anti-theft, insect-proof, dust-proof and so on. In accordance with the principle of easy access, easy to recognize the storage, neatly arranged, careful movement.
3.4 Out of the warehouse
When out of the warehouse, the consignee should first fill out the items to use the single or borrow a single, and handle the relevant approval procedures, warehousing personnel to verify that the formalities are complete, the two sides face to face *** with the same point of issuance of the name of the items, specifications, quantities and so on.
3.5 Warehouse Management Information System
Nuclear power plant construction phase of the items include equipment, materials, spare parts, tools. Various types and quantity, only manual operation is difficult to meet the needs. In order to effectively manage the items, the development and use of modern information technology is the inevitable direction of warehouse management.
4 nuclear power plant modern warehousing management measures
Nuclear power industry is a high-tech industry, the traditional warehousing management is difficult to meet the requirements, it must be modernized management tools, that is, it must have: large, three-dimensional warehouses and excellent mechanized equipment, facilities and other hardware, as well as automated warehouse control systems, modern warehousing management system and away from the quality of the management of human resources, and so on the software.
4.1 large three-dimensional warehouse and excellent mechanized equipment
Large three-dimensional warehouse and excellent mechanized equipment for nuclear power warehouse management has laid a good hardware foundation. Nuclear power plant in the peak construction period, the daily throughput of goods in hundreds of tons or more, if the nuclear power plant does not have tens of thousands of square meters of large, three-dimensional warehouse, there is no excellent performance of loading and unloading platforms, there is no large, medium and small performance of forklift, high forklift and single, double beam type up, equipment, etc., the work is impossible to complete successfully. The nuclear power plant was completed and put into operation ahead of schedule, and large-scale three-dimensional warehouse and these excellent mechanized equipment is inseparable.
4.2 automated warehouse control system
The purpose of the automated warehouse control system is ? Two prevention and two control? -- fire prevention, anti-theft, temperature and humidity control, including the following subsystems:
4.2.1 Fire Alarm System
Comprehensive monitoring of the fire situation in all warehouses and office buildings, once the fire is detected, the ability to quickly send out fire alarm signals.
4.2.2 Anti-theft alarm system
Comprehensive monitoring of warehouses and office buildings, and when abnormalities are found, the anti-theft alarm signal can be issued in a timely manner.
4.2.3 Temperature and Humidity Detection System
As some spare parts of nuclear power plants require strict temperature and humidity conditions in the warehouse, a temperature and humidity detection system needs to be installed in the warehouse to monitor the temperature and humidity data of the control points in the warehouse. Inspectors found that the temperature and humidity beyond the prescribed range, immediately check the warehouse temperature and humidity control equipment (air conditioners, dehumidifiers, etc.) work properly, and report maintenance personnel abnormalities, so that the warehouse temperature and humidity as soon as possible to return to the prescribed range.
5 Conclusion
Warehouse management of nuclear power enterprises, the relationship between all aspects of nuclear power logistics, with the overall improvement of the level of nuclear power warehouse management, perfect warehouse management will certainly contribute to the safe, stable and efficient operation of nuclear power units, but also for the steady and rapid development of nuclear power to increase the chips.
References
[1]Zhao Yuguo. Warehouse Management [M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2008
[2]Gao Jun. Warehouse Management [M]. Nanjing: Southeast University Press,2006
[3]Ren Yongjuan, Xue Runze. Warehouse management in the construction phase of nuclear power plants[J]. Analysis of China's urban economy,2011
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