What are the cost documents and roles of the various stages of engineering construction:
Estimates, budget estimates, budgets, settlements and final accounts of engineering projects.
Investment control is the focus of engineering project management and difficult, in different stages of the project, project investment, project estimates, budgets, budgets, settlements and final accounts and other different said whistle, these "calculations" of the basis and role of the different, and the accuracy of its "gradual and detailed", one more than the other.
One, the estimate is also called the investment estimate
occurs in the project proposal and feasibility study stage; estimate is based on the project planning program (program design), the project may occur in the project cost (including construction, outdoor works, equipment and installation works, etc.), engineering and construction other costs, reserve costs and interest during the construction period (if there is a loan) for the calculation for the Calculate the scale of project investment and financing options for the project investment decision-making department for reference; estimates should pay attention to accurate and comprehensive calculation of other costs of engineering and construction, this part of the cost of regional and policy is stronger.
Second, the proposed budget is also called the design estimate
occurs in the preliminary design or expansion of the preliminary design stage; the proposed budget needs to have a preliminary design or expansion of the preliminary design drawings, the construction cost of the project construction cost calculation to determine the cost of the project; preparation of the proposed budget should pay attention to can not be omitted, lack of items or double-counting, the standard should be in line with the quota or norms.
Third, the budget is also called construction budget
occurs in the construction design stage; budget need to have construction drawings, summarize the project people, machines, materials budget, to determine the cost of construction and safety works; the key to preparing the budget is to calculate the amount of work, accurately applying the budget quota and fee standards.
Four, settlement is also called completion of the settlement
occurs in the project completion and acceptance stage; settlement is generally submitted by the project contractor (construction unit), according to the project construction process of change negotiation, adjust the construction budget to determine the final settlement of the price of the project; settlement of the basis for the construction contract and change negotiation records (note that all parties to the signatures), accurately calculating the tentative price and the deviation from the actual amount incurred, against the actual amount incurred, and the construction cost of the project. The deviation of the actual incurred amount, against the relevant quota standards, calculating the construction drawings budget omissions and missing parts of the project cost entitlement.
Fifth, the final account is also called the final accounts
occur after the completion and acceptance of the project; the final account is generally prepared or commissioned by the project entity to prepare a summary of the total cost of the project throughout the process of the actual costs incurred; the final account of the preparation of the final accounts of the completion of the summary table and the list of assets, pay attention to the comprehensive, true reflection of the actual cost of the project settlement and objectively assess the effect of the project's actual investment.
Engineering construction is the development of human civilization occurs in the basic economic activities, directly on the human society's political, economic, cultural, military and other aspects of the activities have an important impact, since ancient times, engineering construction is highly valued by the rulers of various countries, generally through legal means to adjust it, for which serious harm to the state and society, and even go so far as to use the criminal law.
In general, the formulation and implementation of economic law is the rulers of countries commonly used to adjust the engineering construction activities and their social relations and means. In China, the creation and development of specialized legal norms of engineering collar city, has a very long history. Just as the legal norms of each historical period reflect the degree of cognition (including the breadth and depth) of human society at a particular historical stage of the objective laws of the corresponding field, the engineering legal norms also reflect the degree of cognition of human society at a particular historical stage of the objective laws of the field of engineering.
Classification
Engineering construction is an economic activity to realize the reproduction of fixed assets. By civil construction and industrial engineering two parts:
1. civil construction engineering
(1) all kinds of housing construction projects and included in the housing construction projects, water supply, heating, power supply, sanitation, ventilation, gas and other equipment and its installation, as well as included in the construction of all kinds of pipelines, electricity, telecommunications and cable wire laying project.
(2) Equipment foundations, pillars, benches, chimneys, water towers, pools and other ancillary works.
(3) for the construction of site leveling, engineering and hydrological surveys, the removal of the original buildings and obstacles, as well as the construction of temporary water, electricity, gas, road and after the completion of the site cleanup, environmental greening, landscaping and other work.
(4) Mine excavation, shaft extension, oil and gas drilling, and the construction of railroads, highways, bridges, reservoirs, dams, irrigation canals and flood control and other projects.
2. Industrial engineering
(1) production, power, lifting, transportation, transmission and medical, experimental and other kinds of need to be installed in the assembly of machinery and equipment, and equipment connected to the workbench, ladders, railings and other installation works and attached to the installation of equipment, pipe laying works and equipment being installed by the insulation, corrosion, heat preservation, painting and other work.
(2) in order to determine the quality of the installation works, single equipment for single test run and system equipment for system linkage without load test run and commissioning work.
Baidu Encyclopedia Engineering Construction