How do you differentiate between the two, heat treatment and post heat treatment, and when do you use post heat treatment?

No head in the book to see such a word, then it can only be analyzed according to the situation.

If the raw material is tempered first as a preparatory heat treatment, then quenching, nitriding, salt bath, high frequency, etc. are post heat treatments.

If the heat treatment and subsequent processing into one, then the first heat treatment after the shot blasting, sand blasting, electroplating, etc. belongs to the post heat treatment.

The understanding of the different situations also has some variation.