History
Background
After the establishment of the People's Republic of China*** and the State, the Ministry of Railways proceeded to adjust the layout of the rolling stock industry according to the mileage of railroad operation, the density of the road network, the setting of the hub and other factors.
In the merger, adjustment, transformation of the original rolling stock factory at the same time, in various places and so on a number of new factories.
And at the same time, in order to match China's first five-year plan period (1953-1957), the construction of machinery industry deployment, the development of metallurgical equipment, power generation equipment, transport machinery, metal cutting machine tools for the focus of the heavy industry manufacturing, the construction of a number of large-scale modernization of the backbone of the enterprise.
China *** According to the deployment of the construction of more than 70 major projects with an investment of more than 10 million yuan, in which in order to fill the gaps in the specialized manufacturing plants of railroad locomotives, began to prepare for the construction of Datong Locomotive Works, one of the 156 key projects during the First Five-Year Plan period. The rolling stock industry also has Changchun Bus Factory, Changchun Locomotive Factory and Zhuzhou Wagon Factory.
In 1954, with the approval of the Central People's Government, the Ministry of the First Mechanical Industry set up the Preparatory Office of Datong Locomotive Factory.
After investigation and demonstration, it was decided on September 3, 1954 to build a large-scale steam locomotive manufacturing plant in Datong, Shanxi.
On October 10, 1955, the Locomotive and Rolling Stock Administration of the First Ministry of Machinery Industry changed the name of the Preparatory Office of Datong Locomotive Manufacturing Plant to "428 Factory".
Subsequently, on March 27, 1957, it was approved to cancel the code name of "428 Factory", and officially changed its name to Datong Locomotive Works.
Although the name "428 Factory" was used for less than two years, it is still common for people in Datong to refer to Datong Locomotive Works as "428", and the Datong Locomotive Senior Technical School, which was established along with Datong Locomotive Works, is still commonly referred to as "428".
Steam locomotive production
The first locomotive produced by Datong Locomotive Works - Peace Type No. 3501
The production nameplate of the Qianjin 101 locomotive, which is now stored in the China Railway Museum, broke ground for the Datong Locomotive Works on August 15, 1957, when the total area of the production area was 1,050,000 square meters. At that time, the total area of the production area was 1,050,000 square meters, the building area of the factory was 270,000 square meters, and the total number of equipments was nearly 2,800, and the designed production scale was 400 sets of steam locomotives of construction type per year.
Due to the impact of the "Great Leap Forward" that started in 1958, the demand for railroad locomotives increased dramatically, and Datong Locomotive Works started the trial production of locomotives when the plant was not yet fully completed.
In 1959, Datong Locomotive Works started the trial production of peaceful type mainline freight steam locomotives according to the drawings provided by Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Works.
On December 26, 1959, the first locomotive built by Datong Locomotive Works, Peace Type No. 3501, was successfully shipped out of the factory on a trial basis[3].
By 1964, Datong Locomotive Works made thorough improvements to the traction thermal performance of the Heping locomotive in accordance with the actual needs of China's railroads, redesigned the locomotive boiler, and added a smoke barrier.
On September 28, 1964, the first new peace-type steam locomotive (No. HP101, later changed to Advance 101) was successfully tested in Datong and named Advance locomotive.
In April 1965, Datong Locomotive Works was designated by the Ministry of Railways as the sole manufacturer of the Qianjin-type steam locomotives and started mass production.
Since then, the Forward type locomotive, as the most powerful and efficient steam locomotive in China, became the main type of steam locomotive for freight transportation on the main lines of Chinese railroads at that time.
Because of the close relationship between the Forward locomotive and the Datong Locomotive Works, the location of the Datong Locomotive Works was named "Forward Road", the factory song was called "Forward Song", and the factory's newspaper was "Forward Newspaper.
By August 20, 1979, the cumulative production of Forward Steam Locomotives manufactured by Datong Locomotive Works reached 3,000 units, which was rewarded by the Ministry of Railways.
In 1980, Datong Locomotive Works further broke the production record and created a new level of annual production of 325 steam locomotives.
In March, 1984, Datong Locomotive Works suddenly received an urgent order from the Ministry of Railways to produce 30 forward-type locomotives to ensure the opening of the new line between Anhui and Jiangxi.
As the Ministry of Railways required that the whole line of Anhui-Ganzhou Railway must be opened to traffic on June 1 of the same year, Datong Locomotive Works was required to complete the manufacturing of 30 sets of forward-type locomotives before May 15 and deliver them to the Anhui-Ganzhou line for operation.
The necessary production cycle for a forward-type locomotive from feeding to assembling into a locomotive is 52 days, and it takes 82 days to build one unit per day***, plus more time for adjusting the production process and transferring the construction-type locomotives to the end of production.
However, Datong Locomotive Works set off the competition of "going forward, protecting Wan Gan".
Seventy-five days later, 30 brand-new forward-type locomotives were sent to the new line of Wan-Gan and put into operation on time.
In 1985, according to the rising demand for construction-type steam locomotives and the problems that existed, Datong Locomotive Works started to further improve its design, and developed the first "Construction B-type" steam locomotive (JS-8001) in 1986.
As one of the world's last high-volume manufacturers of mainline steam locomotives, Datong Locomotive Works attracted tens of thousands of steam locomotive enthusiasts from all over the world during the 1970s and 1980s.
In order to meet the requirements of steam locomotive enthusiasts at home and abroad, Datong Locomotive Works and the Ministry of Railways, Shanxi Province and other relevant departments jointly organized the "China's First Datong International Steam Locomotive Festival" and "China's Historic Steam Locomotives Traveling Exhibition" on September 15-17, 1988, which was held at the Datong International Steam Locomotive Festival. September 15-17, 1988 in Datong City, Shanxi Province, jointly organized by the "China's first Datong International Steam Locomotive Festival" and "China's steam locomotive exhibition".
As of October 20, 1988, Datong Locomotive Works had built 5,571 steam locomotives of all types in 21 railroad bureaus and 116 sections.
At the end of 1988, Datong Locomotive Works stopped the production of large steam locomotives for main lines and switched to the manufacture of internal combustion locomotives and electric locomotives in accordance with the instruction of the Ministry of Railways.
On December 21, 1988, the last mainline steam locomotive No. 7207 produced by Datong Locomotive Works was shipped out of the factory, and on the same day, Datong Locomotive Works held a grand transfer ceremony.
Internal combustion locomotive production
The first Dongfeng 4B internal combustion locomotive of Datong Locomotive Works And while producing steam locomotives, Datong Locomotive Works was also developing in other areas.
As early as the mid-1960s, Datong Locomotive Works started to try to develop internal combustion locomotives, and on December 15, 1965, the first internal combustion locomotive, the Dongfeng No. ND-0032, was successfully test-built.
In December 1969, Datong Locomotive Works test-built China's first "Long March" 3,000 horsepower gas turbine locomotive[5].
Datong Locomotive Works officially started mass production of internal combustion locomotives in 1986, and on September 22, 1986, the first Dongfeng 4B internal combustion locomotive (DF4B-6001) built by Datong Works was completed and the ribbon was cut.
On September 26, 1997, Datong Locomotive Works started to produce Dongfeng 4C internal combustion locomotives.
The production of Dongfeng 4B and Dongfeng 4C internal combustion locomotives at Datong Locomotive Works ceased in 1998 and 1999 respectively as the company switched to the production of electric locomotives.
Until the switch to electric locomotives, Datong Locomotive Works manufactured 659 units of various types of internal combustion locomotives***.
Electric locomotive production
In 1985, Datong Locomotive Works realized that electric locomotives are the important development direction of China's railroad rolling stock industry in the future, and put forward the concept of electric locomotive production layout of "South Zhuzhou (Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works) and North Tong (Datong Locomotive Works)".
In October 1989, the Ministry of Railways formally approved Datong Locomotive Works' plan to switch to electric locomotive production.
On September 15, 1990, the first Shaoshan 3 electric locomotive was completed by Tatung Locomotive Works in accordance with the drawings of Zhuzhou Factory[3].
In 1992, the first Shaoshan 7 electric locomotive developed by Datong Locomotive Works passed acceptance.
Subsequently, 25-ton axle weight Shaoshan 7B heavy-duty freight electric locomotives and Shaoshan 7C, Shaoshan 7D speed passenger electric locomotives, Shaoshan 7 electric locomotives to form a series.
Shaoshan 7C, Shaoshan 7D and Shaoshan 7E locomotives have become the main locomotives of China Railway's third, fourth and fifth major speed increases.
In June 1999, Datong Locomotive Works stopped the production of internal combustion locomotives and became a single specialized factory for manufacturing electric locomotives.
From 2001 to 2002, Datong Electric Locomotive Works participated in the development of the 270 km/h "China Star" electric locomotive, and cooperated with Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works in the development of AC drive power cars.
By the end of 2003, the company had produced 1,146 electric locomotives of various types.
In 2004, Tatung Electric Locomotive was responsible for the development of the AC-driven passenger electric locomotive "Tianshuo", a key research project of China CNR Corporation.
Institutional Reform
Historically, Datong Locomotive Works was successively affiliated with the Locomotive and Vehicle Industry Administration of the First Ministry of Machinery Industry, the General Bureau of Locomotive and Vehicle Industry of the Ministry of Railways, and the China Railway Locomotive and Vehicle Industry Corporation.
In 2000, with the wave of separation of main and auxiliary industries of state-owned enterprises and restructuring of auxiliary industries, China Railway Rolling Stock Industry Corporation was reorganized into China Northern Locomotive and Rolling Stock Industry Group Corporation and China Southern Locomotive and Rolling Stock Industry Group Corporation, and Datong Electric Locomotive Works, as an important part of it, was assigned to China North Railway Group and named as Datong Locomotive Works of China North Railway Group.
In 2003, CNR reorganized Datong Locomotive Works to form "Datong Electric Locomotive Co.
External Cooperation
In 1996, Datong Locomotive Works and ABC Railway Products China Investment Company*** invested in the establishment of Datong ABC Casting Co.
ABC Casting Co.
In 2002, the introduction of the German Stedman DSA series pantograph technology set up the Beijing Said Hi-Tech Railway Electric Technology Co.
In 2005, Datong ABB Traction Transformer Co., Ltd. was established as a joint venture with ABB (China) Co.
Since 2003, in accordance with the strategy of "Introducing advanced technology, joint design and production, and building Chinese brand" put forward by the State Council of China, under the unified arrangement of the Ministry of Railways, Datong Electric Locomotive, as one of the key enterprises supported by the Ministry of Railways for the modernization of rolling stock equipment, has been cooperating with Alstom of France.
In February 2005, Datong Electric Locomotive signed a contract with Alstom for the purchase of high-power AC drive electric locomotives and technology introduction and transfer project, and cooperated in the production of HXD2 electric locomotives[7][8].
The same car company for Alstom's transfer of manufacturing technology, from 2004 onwards has invested 800 million yuan in capital, the implementation of technological transformation and process re-engineering, from the plasma CNC cutting of digital preparation, welding robot quality welding to CNC machining centers of precision machining, precision testing of CMM, locomotive commissioning of the advanced test, built with the international advanced level of seven specialized production lines. advanced level of seven specialized production lines [9].
On May 18, 2007, the first localized HXD2 locomotive came off the production line in Datong.