Contents 1 Pinyin 2 English reference 3 Standard basic information 4 Preface 5 Standard text 5.1 1? Scope 5.2 2? Terms and definitions 5.3 3? Review 5.4 4? Establishment of working group 5.5 5? Information collection 5.6 6? Assessment Method 5.7 7 Risk Assessment Steps 5.7.1 7.1 Risk Assessment Procedure 5.7.2 7.2 Identification of Large-Scale Event Vector Hazards 5.7.3 7.3 Large-Scale Event Vector Hazard Description 5.7.4 7.4 Large-Scale Event Vector Hazard Hazard exposure assessment 5.7.5 7.5? Description of vector hazard risks for large-scale events 5.8 8? Assessment report 5.8.1 8.1? Drafting vector organism risk assessment report 5.8.2 8.2? Solicitation of opinions 5.8.3 8.3? Complete assessment report 5.9 9 ? Suggest management measures 5.10 10 Analysis 6.3 Appendix C (Normative Appendix) Reference Indicators for Determination of Risks of Vector Biological Hazards at Large-Scale Events 6.4 Appendix D (Normative Appendix) AS/NZS4360: 2004 Matrix Assessment Index Table 7 Standard 1 Pinyin
GB/T 31716—2015 bìng méi shēng wù wēi hài fēng xiǎn píng gū yìng yòng zhǔn zé yǔ zhǐ nán dà xíng huó dòng 2 English reference
Principles and guidelines for the risk *** ysis of vector——Largescale activity 3 Basic information of the standard
ICS 11.020
C 05
National Standard of the People’s Republic of China GB/T 31716-2015 "Vector Biological Hazard Risks" "Principles and guidelines for the risk ***ysis of vector—Largescale activity" (Principles and guidelines for the risk ***ysis of vector—Largescale activity) was issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China and the National Standardization Administration of China in 2015 Released on June 2 and implemented on January 1, 2016.
4 Foreword
This standard is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard is proposed and administered by the National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China.
The main drafting units of this standard are: Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing Patriotic Health Campaign Committee Office, and Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
The main drafters of this standard: Zeng Xiaopeng, Ma Yan, Sun Xianli, Liu Zejun, Yu Chuanjiang, Zhao Tongyan, Zhang Yong, Lin Lifeng. 5 Standard Text
Criteria and Guidelines for the Application of Risk Assessment of Vector Biological Hazards
Large-Scale Events 5.1 1? Scope
This standard stipulates the standards for disease prevention and control in various large-scale events. Principles and methods of vector hazard risk assessment.
This standard is applicable to the risk assessment of vector hazards in various large-scale activities in my country.
5.2 2? Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
2.1
Vector? vector
Vector
A pathogenic organism that can infect a person through biological and/or mechanical means organisms that are transmitted to humans from sources or the environment.
Note: Mainly includes arthropods such as mosquitoes, flies, cockroaches, fleas, sandflies, lice, midges, gnats, ticks, mites and rodents such as mice.
2.2
Largescale activity?
At a specific place and time, for a specific purpose (such as a formal social gathering, a large public event or sports events), activities with social impact that are attended by more than a certain number of people. 5.3 3? Review
Before starting the vector risk assessment work for large-scale events, the demand situation should be reviewed and whether a similar vector risk assessment has been done. If it has been done, it should be determined whether it is effective. No new vector risk assessments will be conducted while still valid. If this work needs to be carried out, it can be assessed on a case-by-case basis. 5.4 4? Establish a working group
A special working group should be established to conduct risk assessment. The working group is composed of experts in the field of vector biology, risk assessment experts, large-scale event organization and management experts, and computer technology experts. After the working group is established, it should first determine the goals, scope and plan of the large-scale event risk assessment, as well as the assessment methods and procedures. Then the working group members will be responsible for completing the assessment report and writing corresponding technical documents. 5.5 5? Information collection
Before the formal risk assessment is carried out, information related to vectors of large-scale events at home and abroad should be collected as extensively as possible, and relevant information should be continued to be inquired and supplemented during the assessment process. 5.6 6? Assessment methods
The risk assessment of vector biological hazards in large-scale events can be carried out using qualitative, semi-quantitative, quantitative or a combination of methods. Qualitative methods can use empirical judgment, expert consultation and expert review. , risk matrix analysis and other methods, semi-quantitative methods can be used through scoring system, index evaluation and other methods, and quantitative methods can be used such as model analysis and fitting methods. 5.7 7 Risk Assessment Steps 5.7.1 7.1 Risk Assessment Procedure
Please see Appendix A for the vector hazard risk assessment procedure for large-scale events. 5.7.2 7.2? Identification of vector hazards at large-scale events
In large-scale events, various factors that may cause harm to human health and the environment should be identified. The main contents include vectors at the venue. Background data such as biological species, density, and seasonal fluctuations, past outbreak data of vector-borne diseases, historical case data, risks of introducing new vector-borne infectious diseases, and crowd and environmental risk factors in large-scale events (university of health services, population mobility, migration and crowding, vaccine coverage, vectors of transmission, etc.). 5.7.3 7.3? Description of vector hazards in large-scale events
Qualitatively or quantitatively describe the severity and persistence of adverse results that may occur due to vector hazards in large-scale events. The ideal way to describe a hazard is to establish a quantitative assessment. In the absence of a quantitative assessment, other risk assessment tools such as expert advice can be used to determine the factors necessary for hazard description. See Appendix B for specific hazard description indicators. 5.7.4 7.4? Exposure assessment to vector biohazards at large events
Assessment of actual or predicted exposure to vector biohazards for people attending large events. For vector organisms, exposure assessment can be based on factors such as the density of vector organisms at the venue of large-scale events, the ability of vector organisms to carry pathogens, and the ability of vector organisms to transmit a specific vector-borne infectious disease. See Appendix C for specific evaluation indicators. 5.7.5 7.5? Risk description of vector organism hazards in large-scale events
The risk estimation results obtained by comprehensive hazard identification, hazard description and exposure assessment, which will cause harm to a certain type or a specific vector organism Qualitative or quantitative estimates of severity and likelihood. See Appendix D for the risk assessment matrix.
The risk level of vector organisms in large-scale events is divided into four levels:
a) Low risk risk (Level I). The density of vector organisms in the area where large-scale events are held is extremely low, and the risk of breeding is The risk level of various factors such as location and key climate factors is "low risk risk"; or the risk level of individual factors is "medium risk risk", but the prevention and control measures are fully effective.
b)? Medium risk (Level II). Vector species are distributed in a few areas where large-scale events are held. The density is high, and the temperature and humidity conditions are suitable for the survival and reproduction of vector organisms. The risk severity of most factors, such as the abundance of land, is "medium"; or individual factors such as vector distribution, density, and vector effectiveness have risk levels of "medium risk," but prevention and control measures are fully effective.
c)? High-risk risk (Level III), where large-scale events are held, the vector organisms are widely distributed geographically, the density is high, and the temperature and humidity conditions are more suitable for the survival and reproduction of vector organisms, and human infection The severity of the risk consequences of most factors such as the high number of cases is "moderate"; or the risk level of some factors such as vector biological distribution, density, and vector efficiency reaches "high risk", and there is a lack of effective prevention and control measures.
d) Extremely serious risk (Level IV), where large-scale events are held, vector organisms are geographically distributed widely, with high density, numerous and complex breeding sites, and temperature and humidity conditions that are very suitable for the survival and survival of vector organisms. The risk level of most factors such as reproduction and high number of human infection cases is "high risk risk"; or the risk level of some factors such as vector biological distribution, density, vector efficiency, etc. is "extremely serious risk", and there is a lack of effective prevention and control measures. 5.8 8 Assessment report 5.8.1 8.1 Draft a vector risk assessment report
After completing the risk assessment of a large-scale event, a draft risk assessment report should be drafted, including the purpose, background, and content of the risk assessment. Methods, main content, and conclusions on whether the risks are acceptable. 5.8.2 8.2? Solicitation of opinions
The draft risk assessment report should be submitted to experts from relevant medical institutions, universities, research institutions and large event organizers for opinions. 5.8.3 8.3? Complete the evaluation report
The opinions solicited should be fully considered and adopted as much as possible. Reasons should be given for those that cannot be adopted, and the evaluation report should be modified and completed based on these opinions. 5.9 9? Propose suggestions on management measures
Write a report on the suggestions on management measures for risk assessment of vector organisms in large-scale events, and submit them together with the risk assessment report to relevant management department officials, management experts, relevant application units and other institutions for solicitation The opinions solicited should be adopted as much as possible. If the opinions cannot be adopted, the reasons should be explained. Risk management measures should be revised and completed based on these opinions. 5.10 10? Approval
Submit the large-scale event vector biological risk assessment report to the relevant competent authorities for approval. Reports that have not passed the review must be modified or the information must be re-collected based on the review opinions, and if necessary, a new vector hazard risk assessment must be conducted. 6 Appendix 6.1 Appendix A (Normative Appendix) Risk Assessment Procedure for Vector Biological Hazards in Large-Scale Events
Figure A.1 shows the procedure for risk assessment of vector-borne biological hazards in large-scale events.
Figure A.1? Large-scale event vector biological hazard risk assessment procedure 6.2 Appendix B (normative appendix) Large-scale event vector biological hazard risk consequence severity (risk outcome) analysis
Table B.1 gives the basis for classifying and defining the severity of risk consequences (risk outcomes) of vector biological hazards at large-scale events.
Table B.1? Analysis of the severity of risk consequences (risk outcomes) of vector biological hazards at large-scale events
Level
Severity of risk consequences (risk outcomes)
Definition of the severity of risk consequences (risk outcome)
1
Catastrophic
Types of vector organisms where large-scale events are held They are extremely numerous, widely distributed, very dense, and most species are efficient vectors. The number of human infection cases is extremely high, the risk of disease outbreak is extremely high, and there are no comprehensive and effective control measures
2
< p> LargerThere are many types of vector organisms in places where large-scale events are held. They are widely distributed and have high density. They cause serious harassment to people. Most of them are inefficient vectors or potential vectors, which can cause human infection. The number of cases is high, and there are basically no comprehensive and effective control measures
3
Medium
The places where large-scale events are held have many types of vector organisms, with wide distribution and high density. High, the degree of harassment to people is relatively serious, and most types are inefficient vectors or potential vectors, the number of human infection cases is high, and there are certain comprehensive and effective control measures
4
relatively Small
There are fewer types of vector organisms in places where large-scale events are held, and they are distributed in a few areas. The degree of harassment to people is relatively small, the risk of disease outbreaks is low, the number of human infection cases is low, and it has strong overall effectiveness. Control measures
5
Negligible
There are very few types of vector organisms in large-scale event venues, and they are only distributed in a few areas. The degree of harassment to people is extremely light, and The natural infection rate detection rate is zero, no infection cases occur, there is no risk of disease outbreak, and prevention and control measures are comprehensive and effective 6.3 Appendix C (Normative Appendix) Reference Indicators for Determining the Risk of Vector Biological Hazards at Large-scale Events
< p> Table C.1 gives reference indicators for determining the risk of vector biological hazards at large-scale events.Table C.1? Reference indicators for determining the risk of vector biological hazards at large-scale events
Assessment system indicators
Possibility of risk occurrence
Rare
Unlikely
Possible
Likely
Almost certain
Geographic distribution
None
Very few areas distributed
Few areas distributed
Very wide distribution
Extremely wide distribution
Density
Very low
Lower
Higher
Very high
Very high
Seasonal waxing and waning
No vector activity throughout the year
Occasional vector activity throughout the year
Period of vector activity No more than half a year
The activity period of vector organisms is more than half a year
There are vector activities throughout the year
Types of vectors
Very rare
Fewer
More
Many varieties
Very many
Media effectiveness
< p> NoneNone
Potential media
High media efficiency
High efficiency media
Key climate factors
Unsuitable
Suitable
More suitable for the breeding and reproduction of vector organisms
Very suitable for the breeding and reproduction of vector organisms
Extremely suitable for the breeding and reproduction of vector organisms
Breeding areas
None
Very few areas distributed
More< /p>
Many
Very many
Natural infection rate of vector organisms
Zero infection rate
Low
p>
High
Positive rate is very high
Infection rate is extremely high
Infection case status
None
Lower
Higher
High
Extremely high
Number of animal hosts
Extremely Few
Less
More
Many
Very many
Animal host species
Rarely
Fewer
More
Many
Very many
Animal reservoir infection Situation
Zero infection rate
Low
High
Positive rate is very high
Infection rate is extremely high High
Ease of interception of vector organisms
Not intercepted
Difficult to intercept
More difficult to intercept
Easier to intercept
Large amount of interceptions
Importation of vector-borne infectious diseases
None
Occasionally
Small amount
More
Large amount
Vector resistance
None
Very few individuals< /p>
A few individuals
More individuals
Forming a population
Vector control ability
Very strong
p>
Strong
Fair
Weak
None
Population immunity status
All
p>Most
Some
Minority
None
Susceptibility of the population
Zero
Low
Lower
High
Very high 6.4 Appendix D (Normative Appendix) AS/NZS4360:2004 Matrix Assessment Index Table
Table D.1 gives the AS/NZS4360:2004 risk levels Matrix evaluation index.
Table D.1? AS/NZS4360: 2004 Matrix Assessment Index
Likelihood of risk occurrence
Severity of risk outcome
Level 1
Negligible
Level 2
Small
Level 3
Moderate< /p>
Level 4
Larger
Level 5
Catastrophic
A
< p> Almost certainH
H
E
E
E
B
Very likely
M
H
H
E
E
c
Possible
L
M
H
E < /p>
E
D
Unlikely
L
L
M < /p>
H
E
E
Rare
L
L
M
H
H
Note:
Possibility of risk occurrence: A - almost certain to occur; B ——Likely to happen; C——Possible to happen; D——Unlikely to happen; E——Rare.
Severity of risk outcomes: Level 1 - Negligible; Level 2 - Small; Level 3 - Moderate; Level 4 - Large; Level 5 - Catastrophic.
Risk assessment level: E - extremely serious risk; H - high risk risk; M - medium risk risk; L - low risk risk. 7 standards