The standard "Requirements of Measurement Management System for Measurement Process and Measuring Equipment" includes: overall requirements, management responsibilities, resource management, measurement confirmation and implementation of measurement process, analysis and improvement of measurement management system.
The definition of measurement management system is a set of interrelated or interactive elements necessary to complete measurement confirmation and continuously control the measurement process. The system consists of the designed measurement process control, measurement confirmation of measuring equipment and necessary support processes. The measuring process in the system should be controlled and the measuring equipment should be confirmed.
When the enterprise just established the measurement management system, due to the lack of relevant experience, it is difficult to start and make a difference in practical work. This paper mainly introduces the key work to be done in establishing measurement management system, including organization management framework, system documents, personnel training, classification management of measuring equipment, identification of key measurement processes, system audit and monitoring, so as to help various enterprises such as machinery manufacturing, petrochemical industry, metallurgy and medicine to establish measurement management system.
First, the organizational management structure
The organization and management structure of surveying management system is the foundation and the most important work of establishing and implementing surveying management system. Enterprises should establish an internal measurement management network, with clear levels and clear responsibilities from top to bottom. System promoters should include top leaders, management representatives, department heads, full-time and part-time measurement managers, key measurement process operators, product inspectors, etc. It is particularly important for enterprises with weak measurement management, which requires people at all levels to attach importance to it ideologically, make clear their requirements, perform their duties and play an active role in the system operation.
Second, the preparation of system documents
System document is the embodiment of documentation of measurement management system and the basis of implementing measurement management system. According to the management status of the enterprise, according to the standards and relevant laws and regulations, the measurement management system manual, measurement management system program files, control specifications of key measurement processes, operation specifications of large or precision measuring equipment and calibration methods of measuring equipment are compiled. In the process of compiling documents at all levels, attention should be paid to the integration and compatibility with quality management system, environmental management system and other systems, such as document control, record control, human resource management and training control, internal audit, management review, corrective and preventive measures, inspection specifications, etc. , according to the requirements of the quality management system.
Third, personnel training.
The personnel included in the measurement management system include measurement managers and measurement operators (including measurement equipment verification/calibration/verification personnel, raw material inspectors, semi-finished product inspectors, finished product factory inspectors, production process monitoring personnel, other analysis and testing personnel, etc.). ). The training content should include the Requirements of Measurement Management System for Measurement Process and Measuring Equipment (GB/T19022-2003/ISO10012: 2003), the Manual of Measurement Management System officially promulgated by the enterprise, the program files of measurement management system and all the documents related to the measurement process.
Training forms can be divided into internal training and external training. Training methods can be classroom theoretical lectures, on-site practice demonstrations, etc. We should pay attention to the combination of theoretical knowledge and practical work to achieve "actual combat."
It is necessary to clarify the training and assessment requirements, do a good job in theoretical examination and practical operation assessment, and achieve "integration of notification" to improve the measurement awareness and measurement ability of personnel at all levels.
Four, the classification management of measuring equipment
An enterprise has many kinds of measuring equipment. If it is managed in a unified mode, it will consume a lot of manpower and material resources, and the effect may not be good, so it is difficult to effectively play the corresponding role of metering equipment management. Due to the different application occasions and measurement parameters of various measuring equipment, classified management can be implemented for measuring equipment.
The classified management of measuring equipment is a weak link with the largest workload and the most difficult management in the implementation of enterprise systems. In practical work, Class A, Class B and Class C can be classified and managed according to the use place of measuring equipment, technical requirements of measuring parameters and the relationship with product quality. The classification principles are as follows:
1 class. A. Measuring equipment: including the measuring equipment that is subject to compulsory verification by the state, which is mainly used for trade settlement, safety protection, medical care, environmental monitoring, etc. And included in the catalogue of compulsory management measuring instruments; Main measuring equipment used for ex-factory inspection of products; Measuring equipment for key measuring process.
2. Class B measuring equipment: including measuring equipment used for production process control; Measuring equipment for internal energy, material accounting and workshop quota management.
3. Class C measuring equipment: including measuring equipment used for general instructions in the production process; Measuring equipment used only as a tool.
The enterprise shall establish detailed measuring equipment management catalogue, measuring equipment management account, measuring equipment cycle confirmation plan and statistical table on the implementation of measuring equipment cycle confirmation plan.
The concept of "measurement confirmation" is emphasized in the standard. The so-called metrological confirmation refers to "a set of operations required to ensure that the measuring equipment is in a state meeting the expected use requirements", which usually includes calibration/verification of the measuring equipment, various necessary adjustments or repairs (repairs) and subsequent recalibration, verification of metrological performance compared with the expected use of the measuring equipment, and required stamps and labels. All measuring equipment of an enterprise must be confirmed by measurement, and the measurement confirmation department can be an external measurement technical institution or an internal measurement competent department.
In order to avoid misuse or misuse of measuring equipment during use, and prevent products and processes from being out of control due to unexpected use of measuring equipment, all measuring equipment shall be affixed with firm and durable confirmation marks according to management category and verification/calibration status after confirmation, so as to ensure that the confirmation marks of measuring equipment can correctly reflect its calibration and verification status. Measuring equipment users are responsible for the daily management of identification, and measurement management personnel are responsible for supervision and tracking.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Identification of key measurement process
In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results, it is necessary to control the measurement process in addition to the measuring equipment. In the control of measurement process, the key measurement process should be identified first. Incoming inspection of important raw materials, trade settlement, key control points of semi-finished products, inspection of finished products, environmental inspection, safety control and verification/calibration of measuring equipment are all key measurement processes. Through identification, these processes are formulated as detailed work instructions, and the technical index items and requirements are defined, so as to improve the ability and level of operators and ensure that the requirements of quality management, environmental management, occupational health and safety management, business management, energy management and safety production management for measuring equipment and measuring process are met.
For the identified key measurement processes, a List of Key Measurement Processes, a List of Verification/Calibration Items, a Checklist of Measurement Process Control and a Checklist of Measurement Confirmation of Verification/Calibration Items shall be established, and the measurement uncertainty shall be measured according to the Evaluation and Expression of Measurement Uncertainty (JJF 1059- 1999).
In the identification of key measurement process, we should pay attention to how to transform the product requirements put forward by customers into measurement requirements. For example, the allowable error of customer's requirements for product thickness should be controlled within1mm. According to the principle that the maximum permissible error of measuring equipment should be1/3 ~110 of the measured index, the maximum permissible error of the selected measuring equipment should be 0.03mm, so the measuring range can be selected as (0 ~ 65438+).
The key measurement processes involved in each enterprise are different, so appropriate measuring equipment should be equipped according to the technical requirements of products to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement process and data.
The effective control of key measurement process is a very important link in the measurement management system, which should be highly valued by the departments of technology, production, quality inspection and measurement of enterprises.
Audit and monitoring of intransitive verb system
Audit and monitoring of the system is an effective way to find nonconformities in the system operation and make improvements, which mainly includes internal audit, daily supervision and inspection and management review.
The purpose of internal audit is to verify that the measurement management system established by the enterprise conforms to GB/T19022-2003/ISO10012: 2003, to evaluate the effectiveness, adequacy and suitability of the measurement management system, and to identify the nonconformities in the system operation.
Daily supervision and inspection includes inspection of system operation, measuring equipment and measuring process, which can be carried out by on-site inspection, personnel inquiry, spot check of relevant records, verification of measuring equipment status, data statistical analysis and other methods. Corresponding records should be made during daily supervision and inspection, and relevant departments or personnel should be immediately ordered to correct or take corrective measures when nonconformities are found during supervision.
The purpose of management review is to identify the factors that need continuous improvement and take relevant measures to ensure the continuous improvement of management system and measurement technology capability by regularly evaluating the continuous suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of measurement management system policies and quality objectives, the rationality of measurement management system organization, the adequacy of resources for implementing measurement management system activities, internal and external feedback of enterprises and changes in production conditions.
Seven. conclusion
Through the above work, enterprises should constantly improve and perfect the measurement management system in the process of establishing and implementing the measurement management system (more than three months), focus on customers, and transform customers' requirements for products into measurement requirements, thus significantly improving the measurement management level of enterprises, effectively serving the production, management, product research and development activities of enterprises, promoting the core competitiveness of enterprises, and constantly adapting to the needs of market economy development.