x year xx month, we went to the Daqing Oilfield internship, Daqing Oilfield has 44 years of development history, written the world's attention of the immortal chapter. Daqing Oilfield Company takes good technological innovation and relies on scientific and technological progress as the key support point for the implementation of low-cost strategy. The company focuses on process optimization, promotion and application of advanced technology to further improve operational efficiency; it also focuses on the research and application of various technologies to increase efficiency and energy saving, and concentrates its efforts on solving the key technological problems that restrict the improvement of economic efficiency, and seeks benefits from technological progress. As a petroleum engineering student, I should take the spirit of Daqing to inspire my learning. from July 1, 2006 to July 15, 2006, our petroleum engineering department and petroleum mining two large departments of the students came to the Daqing Petroleum Technology Training School for a two-week internship.
The purpose of this internship is to enable us to understand the spirit of Iron Man, the spirit of Daqing, and to understand the various aspects of petroleum production. Through the internship, to understand the profession, enhance the perceptual understanding, learn the basic skills, deepen the knowledge already learned, and on-site operation and the teacher's lectures to cultivate our hands-on ability, enhance our perceptual understanding of the petroleum engineering profession, to understand the current situation of China's petroleum engineering, to stimulate our love of the profession, the enthusiasm of hard work, and for the study of the professional courses to lay a certain foundation.
Petroleum is mainly composed of methane, but also contains a small amount of ethane and propane, as well as carbon monoxide, nitrogen and so on. Through the refining of petroleum can be obtained gasoline, kerosene, diesel and other fuels, as well as a variety of machine lubricants, gaseous hydrocarbons. Through the chemical process, synthetic fibers, synthetic rubber, plastics, pesticides, fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, paints, synthetic detergents and so on can be produced. Therefore, oil is widely used in transportation, petrochemical and other industries, known as the economy and society as a whole, "black gold", "economic blood.
The oil crisis is a very terrible blow to the national economy. 1973, the first oil crisis in the U.S. economy, "shrinking" 1 / 3, the inflation rate rose from 3.4% to 12.2%, the unemployment rate rose from 4.9% to 8.5%; the second oil crisis in the early 1980s made the U.S. and British GDP negative growth rates, respectively. , Britain's negative GDP growth rate of 0.2% and 2.4% respectively. In our country, the impact was not significant because of the low degree of opening up of the economy to the outside world at the time of the previous oil crises. However, with the increasingly close links between our economy and the world market, our sensitivity to oil is growing.
Internship content:
"Pumping machine start and stop"
One, the pumping machine's starter box before the start of the check
1, the starter box check
2, the wellhead control device check (belt tightening screws loose pin is normal line is normal)
Two, the pumping machine start: close the air switch, release the brake, wait for the counterweight iron is normal )
Two, pumping machine start: close the air switch, release the brake, wait for the counterweight iron is normal). Release the brake and press the start button when the counterweight iron reaches the maximum impulse
Three, the role of each component
3, the role of the head of the tubing: suspension, sealing
4, the role of the light rod: high surface finish, sealing, power saving
5, the role of the donkey head: for the positioning of the oil rod up and down
6, the role of the counterweight iron: for the lifting and dropping of the rod to provide greater power
7, the role of the pumping unit: to provide more power for the pumping unit to start up and drop down. Provide more power
7, the role of the motor; the main power unit
Four, the oil machine stop
Press the stop button to stop the donkey head to stop the position when the brake brake minute air switch.
"Stopping and checking of oil pumping machine"
I. Preparation:
1. Wear good labor protection equipment
2. Need a test pen, insulated gloves, and a starter rod
II. Operation steps:
1. Check the content of the pumping machine inspection tour before starting the machine
2. Close the air switch and release the brake. Start button manual to automatic
3, listen, look and feel whether the machine is running normally
4, measure the current
5, automatic to manual press the stop button to wait for the donkey head to reach the required position to brake
6, separate the air switch
7, pack up the tools and clean up
"Replacement of the pumping machine light rod sealing ring"
1, prepare tools: in line with the machine's light rod seals
I. Preparation tools: a number of models in line with the coiler, hemp rope, a hook, butter, cotton gauze, paper, pen
Two, the operation process
1, clockwise cut the coiler
2, stopping the brake disconnect the power to ensure that the machine can not be self-starting
3, symmetrically close the rubber valves
4, to remove the sealing box with a hook in the rope apparatus
5. Take out the old packing and add the new packing. The packing is cut into 180 degrees and discharged symmetrically
6. Put on the cover and tighten it properly
7. Open the rubber valve symmetrically and put it to the maximum
8. Release the brake and send the power to start pumping
9. Check the sealing ring of the light pole and adjust the tightness
10. Wellhead components and drilling tools"
I. Names of wellhead components
1, oil gathering line 2, surface water line 3, straight doping valve 4, doping valve 5, check valve 6, doping valve 2 7, oil pressure gauge 8, nozzle insulation 9, sampling and venting valves 10, back pressure gauge 11, back pressure valves 12, casing connecting valves 13, hot wash valve 14, casing valve 15, casing pressure gauge 16, main valve 17, casing valve 15, casing pressure gauge 16, total valves Pressure gauge 16, the total valve 17, rubber valve 18, production valve 19, silk plug
Two, drilling tools
1, into the well of the tubing: square drill pipe drill collars with joints
2, square drill pipe
Specifications: square drilling rod electric drilling rod length of 2 to 3 meters; wall thickness of the ordinary drilling tools is 4 to 5 times thick material: high-quality alloy steel, the cross-section of the square, square edge
Features: square drilling rod electric drilling rod length of 2 to 3 meters; wall thickness is ordinary drilling tools thick 4 to 5 times Material: high quality alloy steel, cross-section of square, square edge
Features: square drill pipe upper and lower buttons are female buttons square drill pipe has a protective joint below is a positive buckle above is a transition joint → reverse buckle
Role: 1, the transmission of torque
2, carrying the weight of the tool
3, the transport of drilling fluids
Precautions in the transportation and use of the square drill pipe: put in a mouse hole to prevent bending anti-rust
3, drill collar
Role: 1, applying drilling pressure 2, to prevent the well from slanting Drill collar size of different drilling tool combinations 3, continue to deepen the borehole 4, the delivery of drilling fluids
Structure: 1, light body 2, wall thickness 3, the weight of the drill pipe is 4 to 6 times the weight of about 600-800 pounds 4, the positive spinning threads 5, high-quality alloy steel
4, the drill pipes
Drill pipes are mostly a male buckle and a female buckle on the other side, which is a good choice. Male buckle on one side of the female buckle first in the use of the drill pipe 5 inch, 127 mm diameter vacuum seamless steel pipe made
Role: 1, transfer torque 2, delivery of drilling fluid 3, the continuation of the deepening of the borehole
Maintenance methods: to prevent placed on the site of the mud in the water
Drill pipe inspection: 1, the body is not bending 2, the eye of the water is free 3, male and female buckle is intact 4, the male diameter buckle step is intact
"Wellhead Tools and Hand Tools"
I. The structure of the boom: rings, clamps, clamps
II. Clamps: side-opening, folio type, locking ring type.
Three, the main body: locking pin hand, square tile and turntable with
Four, clamp tile is divided into: three-piece, four-piece, long piece, short piece,
"Preface"
In order to carry out the reform of drilling professional teaching, increase the intuitive nature of the teaching and demonstration, and constantly improve the quality of theoretical and practical teaching to enhance the characteristics of the petroleum drilling technology and its development of the design was built.
The showroom consists of two parts: drilling technology and drilling equipment, which use objects, models, photographs, optical and electrical simulation boards, videos and other methods to display the oil drilling technology, tools and equipment and processes. Is to carry out drilling professional teaching important courses
With the development of petroleum science and technology, drilling technology continues to improve and innovate, especially the complexity of the drilling technology, in the design and manufacture of the showroom will have the wrong things please point out.
Purpose of drilling: search for oil, oil development
Oil drilling introduction: China is one of the world's first oil drilling countries, as early as 1521 A.D. in Sichuan Jazhou drilled into a well as deep as 1,000 meters, after liberation, especially in the Daqing oil field battle, for the development of China's drilling technology and technology to create a new situation. The development of drilling technology is largely: land: ton drilling to rotary and then to the bottom of the well power. Marine: directional to jet drilling rotary drilling screw drilling
Drilling technology is the main factor affecting the quality of drilling speed, cost, here mainly introduces the drilling of straight wells technology, directional drilling technology, jet drilling technology, turbo drilling technology, and coring drilling technology
One of the control of the well inclination drilling tools: full-eye drilling tools, pendulum, offset drilling
High-efficiency nozzles: elliptical Inlet nozzle, arc inlet nozzle, double arc inlet nozzle, conical runner nozzle, streamline nozzle, isotropic nozzle
Second, core drilling technology: core is a valuable information to understand the oil and gas reservoirs and the development of the process of removing the core from the well is called core drilling, core drilling process includes: 1, core drilling 2, cut out the core 3, take out the core of the three main links
< p>three, fixed technology: an oil well drilled to produce decades or even hundreds of years, in order to strengthen the well body, sealing complex terrain, sealing oil, gas and water layers to meet the requirements of the oil recovery process is usually in the borehole into a well connected to the casing, and in the casing and the well wall annulus injected into the space of cement for the sealing of the operation that is known as the cementingfour, the process of drilling the commonly used tools: 1, the bit Used to break the rock, the formation of the borehole; 2, the drilling tool is to transfer power, transport drilling fluid to deepen the depth of the well; 3, the wellhead special tool is to complete the wellhead drilling tool up and down the unloading operations; 4, auxiliary tools are in the drilling to prevent blowouts; 5, salvage tools are in the well when a special situation occurs in the well to salvage the drilling tool and downhole falling objects
Five, drilling of the eight equipment: 1, the main body, including: the sky wheel, the second floor platform, A-type and tower derrick, riser platform, escalators, guards
2, the overhead crane includes: pulley block, pulley car electric bracket, axle, axle bracket,
3, the skyhook includes: hook body, hook seat, side hooks, the role of the hook; rotating the tap during normal drilling to get up and down the drilling tools when the suspension ring
4, the tap includes: gooseneck tube, rotating part of the center tube is the main, to withstand the All the weight
Role: to connect the circulatory system rotating system together, provide liquid pressure.
5, the turntable includes: shell bearings, rotary table, drive shaft
role: transmission of torque turbine drilling tools to withstand the reverse torque to bear the weight of up and down drilling inverted buckling backwash
6, the winch includes: support system transmission system braking system lubrication and cooling system
role: the completion of the role of the lifting and lowering can be used to assist in the upper unloading of the drilling wire screws, to provide different rotational speeds, assist in lifting the The turntable has different rotating speeds and assists in raising the derrick
7, mud pumps include: single-action pumps, double-action pumps, horizontal pumps, and vertical pumps
Role: to provide energy to the drilling fluid, and to transfer a certain amount of drilling fluid to the drilling tools through the center pipe to ensure normal circulation
8, roving car
6, drilling machinery: a set of machines, equipments, and tools for drilling, it includes drilling rigs, drilling rigs, and drilling rigs, and it includes drilling rigs, drilling rigs and drilling tools. General term, it includes drilling rig lifting, rotation, circulation, transmission, and other systems and ground power, downhole drilling tools and other major components
Conclusion: With the development of China's oil industry, promoting the rapid development of oil drilling technology.