High-grade 2022 Ziyang city urban and rural residents health insurance individual contribution standard: high-grade: 450.00 yuan / person, low-grade: 320.00 yuan / person, the difference between high-grade and low-grade: the proportion of reimbursement of medical expenses in different levels of hospitals is different, to the 2021 New Rural Cooperative as an example:
In the first two or three levels of health insurance designated hospitals, high-grade hospitalization medical fee reimbursement rates are 90%, 80%, and 65%, respectively; while the reimbursement rates for low-grade ones are 85%, 75%, and 55%. In other words, the better the hospital, the lower the reimbursement rate; and for the same reimbursement range of treatment costs, the low-grade reimbursement rate is 5% or 10% less than the high-grade reimbursement rate. Significance of the establishment of rural medical insurance
Analysis of urban-rural income differences
Western countries at the beginning of the establishment of social rural medical insurance protection system, the degree of industrialization is generally already high, because of the small number of farmers in these countries, so their protection is mainly for the enterprise workers, and does not have a separate rural medical insurance.
China and the West there are huge differences in the situation, China due to the large number of farmers, agricultural productivity backward, the lack of social security in rural areas, which creates a serious obstacle to the free movement of labor, the rational allocation of agricultural resources and agricultural modernization. Coupled with historical and practical reasons, our economy shows a highly uneven state, with prominent dualistic features and a wide gap between urban and rural areas.
Analyzing the income level of urban and rural residents, the income of urban residents has always been higher than that of rural residents, and there is a trend of continuous expansion.
During the seven years from 1978 to 1985, the gap between the income levels of urban and rural residents was basically maintained at about 410 yuan.
After 1985, the gap between the income levels of urban and rural residents widened significantly, and showed a tendency to increase.
In the first quarter of 2000, the disposable income per capita of urban residents was 1,632 yuan, 2.78 times that of the per capita cash income of rural residents, which was 587 yuan, and the growth rate of urban residents' income was 2.8 percentage points higher than that of rural residents. By the third quarter, the ratio of disposable income per capita of urban residents to that of rural residents had widened to 3.15 times, and the growth gap had also widened to 5.9 percentage points.
And the real income gap is even wider because of China's urban welfare system, in which urban residents enjoy a large number of hidden subsidies, such as housing, medical benefits and financial price subsidies.
It should be pointed out that the income gap between urban and rural residents is to some extent an irrational result of the barriers of China's urban-rural dichotomy, especially the effect of price differences between industrial and agricultural products.
From 1983 to 1986, the transfer from the agricultural sector to the industrial sector as a result of the scissors difference between industrial and agricultural products consistently totaled between 27 billion yuan and 31 billion yuan, and the scissors difference between industrial and agricultural products subtracted from the interests of farmers. In a sense, China's economic development is to some extent based on sacrificing the interests of farmers.
Peasants' medical burden is gradually increasing
Because of the constraints of economic conditions, in the countryside, "small illnesses are suffered, big illnesses are delayed, and only serious illnesses are carried to the hospital" is common, and the phenomenon of returning to poverty due to illnesses is serious, and the rural areas need to be hospitalized but not live in the people amounted to 41%; in the western part of the world, those who become poor due to illnesses amounted to 3-5 million. In western China, there are 3-5 million people who are poor because of illness. Seventy percent of rural poor households are due to illness.
Since 1985, although rural residents' incomes have also been growing, the rate of growth has been significantly smaller than that of urban residents. Excluding price factors, the average annual real growth in rural residents' income from 1985-1993 was 3.1%, while the average annual real growth in urban residents' income during the same period was 4.5%, and the annual growth rate of GDP was 9%. after 1988, the growth of rural residents' real income basically stagnated, and from 1989-1993 The average annual real growth of rural residents' income was only 1.4%.
But at the same time, farmers' medical expenditures have risen sharply. In Anhui Province, for example, in the first three quarters of 2000, the rural per capita medical expenditure of 42.82 yuan, compared with 37.69 yuan in the same period of the previous year, an increase of 13.6%; of which the per capita expenditure on medical and health care of 19 yuan, is close to the previous year's per capita annual expenditure of 20.2 yuan.
In the first three quarters of 2000, the rural per capita medical expenditure was 42.82 yuan, up 13.6%; of which the per capita expenditure on medical and health care of 19 yuan, is close to the previous year's annual expenditure of 20.2 yuan. 51.65 yuan, an increase of 2.52 times in 10 years, while 10 years of farmers' net income growth is only 2.52 times.
Farmers outside the security system
Rural social security has always been on the periphery of China's social security system, and a significant portion of social security coverage excludes the entire rural population from the system. China's rural economic development level is still very low, the majority of rural residents with low income levels, affordability is weak, compared to the progress of social security reform in towns, rural social insurance is limited to some of the pilot phase of the affluent areas, the family security is still the main body of social security in rural areas.
Taking health insurance as an example, China's current health insurance reform is different from that of developed countries, and the biggest reason for this is that it is not a universal health insurance, but only a reform of the health insurance for urban workers, which solves the problem of the excessive burden of public health care and guarantees basic health care services. And although the rural cooperative medical system had been widely practiced in rural areas, but after several twists and turns, and finally disintegrated for various reasons.