At present, the transformation of old neighborhoods across the country is accelerating. In the transformation of old neighborhoods, "ageing" and "accessibility" have become key words.
May 18, "Beijing City Urban Renewal Special Plan (Beijing "14th Five-Year Plan" period of urban renewal)" (referred to as the "Plan") was officially issued and published, which is also the country's first reduction in the development of the background of the urban renewal of special planning. The Plan proposes to focus on the renewal and transformation of old neighborhoods, to promote the classification and transformation of old neighborhoods in a coordinated manner, to improve the quality of living, and to promote the balance between work and housing, and to complete the transformation of 160 million square meters of old neighborhoods by 2025. At the same time, the "Plan" is clear, we should focus on aging and barrier-free transformation, strengthen the design and management of aging transformation, highlighting the addition of elevators, public **** environment aging transformation and barrier-free environment construction and other key tasks, co-ordination of old-age pension, assisting people with disabilities and other related policies, to encourage the "property services old-age service".
In fact, this year's "Government Work Report" also mentioned the need to promote the construction of barrier-free environment and aging transformation. So, with the arrival of the aging society, how to promote the old neighborhood "aging" transformation? How to dock the "silver-haired people" of the community needs of the elderly?
Beijing:
Promoting indoor ageing renovation, exploring the "five-party linkage"
Jinsong model, Qinghe samples, Changping experience ...... in the old neighborhoods of the ageing renovation, Beijing walked in the forefront of the country, the districts summed up the "five-party linkage"
The old neighborhoods of the old neighborhoods of the old neighborhoods of the old neighborhoods of the old neighborhoods of Beijing. The districts have summarized the models and experiences that are "adapted to the local conditions".
Last May, Beijing took the lead in releasing the "Guidelines on the Comprehensive Improvement of Older Districts for the Implementation of Ageing-Related Retrofitting and Barrier-Free Environment Construction", which introduced a "menu" of ageing-related retrofitting and provided a reference standard for ageing-related retrofitting.
In Beijing's aging neighborhoods, special attention is paid to "internal and external integration" and "community support". For example, the South Second Community in Haidian District, Beijing, is the first pilot project for ageing renovation in Beijing's old neighborhoods, funded by the Haidian District Government, to carry out ageing renovation in five aspects: ageing-friendly living environment, travel environment, health environment, service environment, and creation of a socio-cultural environment that honors the elderly.
In terms of indoor ageing renovation, the South Second Community has carried out ageing renovation of family rooms for 99 households of elderly people over 80 years old and families of severely disabled elderly people in the district, including the configuration of anti-slip mats, induction night light, continuous handgrip, bathing chairs and other convenient equipment for the elderly to take care of themselves, and also configured with intelligent equipment to realize real-time monitoring of data on bedtime, habitual movements, toileting and bathing, etc., so that if there is any abnormality, the family members and medical staff of the elderly can have the first opportunity to monitor their own health. The family members and medical staff can be informed at the first time.
Meanwhile, in terms of community support, the South Second Community focuses on the life needs of the elderly, making up eight basic convenience services such as convenience stores, hairdressing, housekeeping, washing and dyeing, maintenance, and terminal logistics. Since the transformation in 2019, the South Second Community's approach of "both internal and external" and "combination of hardware and software" has become a sample and successful case of Beijing's aging transformation of old neighborhoods.
Following the Haidian Nan Er community, with the support of the Chaoyang District government, the Chaoyang District Jinsong community introduced social capital to promote the renovation and renewal of old neighborhoods, and formed the "Jinsong model".
"Jinsong model" opens up multiple meanings of innovation, explored a "district-level coordination, street townships lead, community coordination, residents deliberations, business operations" of the "five-party linkage The mechanism of "five-party linkage" has been explored, which is of exemplary significance for the introduction of social capital power in old neighborhoods. Not only that, in the introduction of the property, Jinsong District took the lead in the "first taste and then buy" concept, "first service, and then experience, after the charge" principle, so that the residents feel the environment and service enhancement of the tangible changes that are more likely to be accepted by the independent to the property payment.
Henan Kaifeng:
Exploring the "Red Chamber" and promoting the "3 3" elevator retrofitting model
Promoting the aging transformation of old neighborhoods, Kaifeng City, the ancient capital of the eight dynasties, is also at the forefront of the country. Unlike the first and second tier cities, the third and fourth tier cities are generally faced with the problem of population exodus, population aging, in the transformation of old neighborhoods, Kaifeng City to actively explore and innovate the aging model, to the third and fourth tier cities aging transformation provides a new way of thinking.
In the transformation of old neighborhoods, Kaifeng City, urban and rural integration demonstration area under the jurisdiction of the Jinkangyuan district and Wuyi continuous district upgrading, won the praise of the masses. It is worth mentioning that, there are 27 years old "old" Jinkangyuan district in 2021 was identified by the Ministry of Housing and Construction as the national promotion of the 12 typical transformation of one of the cases for the country to learn from.
In this regard, Kaifeng City Urban-Rural Integration Demonstration Zone Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau summarized the successful experience of the two districts, formed a set of their own old reform standards, namely "five even" and "six have". The "five companies" include underground company, ground company, style company, service company, people's heart company; "six" that is, there is a perfect basic public **** service facilities, there is a sound convenient commercial service facilities, there is a complete municipal supporting infrastructure, there is sufficient public **** activities space, full-coverage property services, and a sound community management mechanism.
According to the New Beijing News reporter, at the beginning of the transformation of old neighborhoods, Kaifeng City, urban-rural integration Demonstration District Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau led the establishment of the district party secretary, the director of the management committee as a double team leader of the Party building to lead the urban renewal and transformation of old neighborhoods in the Command Department and the establishment of the weekly meeting and the daily scheduling system, and attentive to the study of innovative new concepts of the transformation of the old neighborhoods of the project.
In terms of broadening public opinion, the Jinkangyuan district and Wuyi contiguous district innovatively promoted the "red council chamber"; in terms of guiding public opinion, play the high prestige of the masses in the district, the ability to call on the elderly to establish the "red housekeeper" volunteer service team, to take the lead in conflict mediation, policy advocacy, the establishment of the "red housekeeper" volunteer service team. The company is also taking the lead in conflict mediation, policy propaganda, epidemic prevention and control, realizing "my home I manage".
In the renovation of the old neighborhoods, the installation of elevators has become a necessary part of the barrier-free access for the elderly, but there are also low-floor residents opposed to the installation of elevators and additional fees, that they "suffer". In the Wuyi area of the transformation of old neighborhoods, it is through the "Red Chamber", residents meeting room, to carry out "micro-governance", respect for public opinion, play the people's wisdom, innovatively adopted the "3 3 "Elevator retrofitting mode.
"3 3" elevator retrofitting mode that is divided into high, medium and low 3 grades, residents can choose according to their own living conditions, a one-time contribution, installment, according to the use of the card 3 kinds of payment methods. This pay-as-you-go mode of use not only solves the problem of the elderly difficult to get upstairs, but also gained the strong support of the residents of the district.
"The neighborhood lacks a place for the elderly and children to have fun and leisure, and the public **** area of private construction and small vegetable gardens can be seen everywhere." This is the complaint from the residents of the family courtyard of the River University. Before remodeling, the original square small garden inside the family courtyard of the River University is a piece of abandoned weeds, and there are residents everywhere privately built small sheds, chicken nests, vegetable plots and so on. After the transformation, the small garden realized "transformation", not only flowers, and set up for the elderly fitness and leisure area, set up in the middle of the pavilion, both aesthetics and practicality.
Kaifeng City, Henan Province, urban and rural integration demonstration area of the family courtyard of the University of remodeling.
According to the Kaifeng City Urban-Rural Integration Demonstration Zone Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau property section chief Feng Guanghui introduced, in the "Red Chamber", living on the fourth floor of the residents Zhang Auntie put forward "every day to go downstairs to buy groceries back up the stairs is very difficult". The reality is that the Wuyi community in the transformation of the old neighborhood. Aiming at Zhang Auntie put forward "up the stairs," the community added a temporary folding rest chairs, seats next to the warm tips and emergency contact phone number, which allows Zhang Auntie "on the first floor, take a break".
It is reported that after several years of upgrading old neighborhoods, Kaifeng City, urban and rural integration demonstration areas in the cluttered, simple and dilapidated old neighborhoods look new, enhance the general public's sense of well-being, a sense of achievement, won the praise of local residents.
Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province:
Use of market-oriented mechanisms, the promotion of "property pension" model
As the core city of the Yangtze River Delta, Hangzhou in the transformation of old neighborhoods to explore a "residents, the main body of the government to guide the participation of society. "
As the core city of the Yangtze River Delta, Hangzhou has explored a "resident-driven, government-guided, socially participatory" model of ***construction***governance in the transformation of old neighborhoods.
Hangzhou Shangcheng District Caihe Street introduced the Song Du service as a "gold medal housekeeper", responsible for the jurisdiction of the 36 old neighborhoods for upgrading and renovation, not only introduced a set of replicable community home care concept, but also to create the famous "community old age one street "
The company has been working on a number of projects in the past few years.
In the uptown area of the Four Seasons Green Street Qianjing community of the three new roads Jingfang East section, there was originally a well-known "neighborhood commercial street", but due to the non-motorized parking, the surrounding environment along the street is poor, the community activity venues, etc., the local community is determined to transform, through the introduction of the Sungdu service wholly owned subsidiary and the life of Rui, spent nearly a year, successfully upgraded the old neighborhoods to a "community elderly street. It took nearly a year to successfully transform the "neighborhood commercial street" into a "happy retirement street".
The "Happy Pension Street" is more than 100 meters long, with a total area of about 1,200 square meters, and the street has been transformed into a new street with cafeterias, supermarkets, barbershops, activity rooms, etc., which can meet the needs of the elderly in their daily lives.
Hangzhou Shangcheng District Caihe Street through the introduction of and Rui life to take the lead in exploring the "property Pension" model, in terms of property services, set up a community pension service "menu", including Yi Leisure Park, Yi Kang Park, Yi Zhiyuan, Yi Huiyuan, Yi The ten functional blocks, including Yi Leisure Garden, Yi Kang Garden, Yi Zhi Garden, Yi Hui Garden, Yi Nutrition Garden, Yi Paradise, Yi Nursing Garden, Yi He Garden, and 4S Service Station, have formed a one-stop community senior care service integrating life care, culture and entertainment, and medical care.
Satisfying the needs of the community elderly has become the focus of the transformation of old neighborhoods, Hangzhou, through the use of market-based mechanisms, and actively introduce social capital, to stimulate the sustainable power of community service upgrading, so that more and more elderly people in the community to enjoy a more professional, more diversified elderly care services.
Jingfang neighborhood in Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, after the introduction of the upgrading and transformation of the Woori Life. Interviewer's photo
Experts suggest:
Promote diversified financing for ageing-friendly renovation and encourage the participation of social capital
Promoting ageing-friendly renovation of old neighborhoods is urgent. The results of the seventh national census show that in 2020, China's population aged 60 and above will be 264 million, accounting for 18.70%. In the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China will move from mild aging to moderate aging.
During the two sessions this year, Zheng Bingwen, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and director of the World Social Security Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), put forward a proposal for "accelerating the transformation of the aging of the old neighborhoods," suggesting that increased funding efforts to promote diversified funding for the transformation of the aging. Local governments should increase investment in aging transformation, and should be multi-party efforts to form a synergy, and actively create a policy environment for aging transformation.
Shanghai Jiaotong University, China Institute of Urban Governance, Professor Chen Jie said, the old neighborhoods should follow three principles of ageing transformation, the first principle is to respect the will, to "bottom-up" and "top-down" organic combination, effective interaction. Not subjective design, listen to grass-roots voices, really community needs and then action. Follow the spirit of the rule of law, respect property rights and community autonomy and self-governance, and should never be promoted by campaigning.
On the basis of respect for public opinion, Chen Jie pointed out that, step by step, the conditions are ripe for a do a good one, do a good job in one or two typical cases, the formation of a demonstration effect, the refinement of replicable and scalable experience, a small range of pilots, set up a brand and then a wide range of promotions, to get more social inputs, the formation of a virtuous cycle. In addition, social participation is the foundation. Aging transformation can not become the government a one-man show, must be based on social forces, the application of market mechanisms, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the community in various aspects, the formation of synergy between all parties.
Wu Xiaorong, founder and CEO of Beijing Easy Life Health Technology Co., Ltd, told reporters: "Community home care belongs to the 'immediate need, no market', the lack of third-party professional operating organizations to operate. For example, in the aging transformation of old neighborhoods, the introduction of the property company can continue to provide professional community senior care services, fragmented senior care service providers how to unify the management, etc."
In this regard, Chen Jie also has a deep understanding of the situation, he said: "Based on the research of a number of pilot projects in the early stages of the promotion of 'property Senior Living' landing, mainly by six sources of obstruction: lack of autonomy of the site, the business is not authorized, the owners of the recognition of the low, the service capacity of the weak, the operation mode is not clear, and government Insufficient support. Three of these contradictions are highlighted, the contradiction between supply and demand between the level of non-professional service provision of property service enterprises and the professional requirements of senior care services, the contradiction between the profitability requirements of property service enterprises for their business operations and the public welfare requirements of senior care services, and the contradiction between the interests of property service enterprises and owners' groups under the current community governance framework and property service model. "
In this regard, Chen Jie suggests that property service enterprises can incubate professional aging teams within themselves or introduce third-party specialized aging agencies to resolve the contradiction of insufficient specialization. And for the profitability of the contradiction, you can let the property enterprise to meet the agreed service quality assessment under the premise of the public welfare, no profit or even loss of public welfare, universal community care services at the same time, but also to grant its value-added home community care services priority franchise, liberalize the relevant price control, to meet the part of the elderly who have the ability to purchase the high level of high-quality home community care services demand, so that the "Fat and thin collocation" to form cross-subsidization.
"At present, the aging transformation of old neighborhoods focuses on the exterior of the community and lacks the transformation of the interior of the elderly, such as the elimination of height differences, anti-slip, barrier-free handrails, age-friendly furniture and other designs, even to intelligent hardware facilities. There are some renovation needs to be outdoor and indoor simultaneous consideration, such as the old neighborhood bathroom floor there is a height difference, the elderly in and out of the inconvenience, it is best to solve the problem from the system, to carry out the main riser renovation of the bathroom of the old neighborhood, so as to reduce the height difference, reduce the risk of elderly falls." Wu Xiaorong said so.