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Research Topic: "Internet of Things Era" Characteristics and its Embodiment in Everyday Life
Results Introduction:
This paper firstly introduces the concept of "Internet of Things" and its development at home and abroad, and points out that the concept of "Internet of Things" has been a "Made in China" concept, which has been used as the basis for the development of the Internet of Things. It also points out that the concept of "Internet of Things" is already a "Made in China" concept, which has been labeled as "Chinese style". Along with the increasing popularity of cloud computing and the growing maturity of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the era of IoT has quietly stepped into the 2.0 era from the 1.0 era.
The IoT era is characterized by the "Internet of Things as a service" to the ground, the second is the Internet of Things localization, functionality, industry interconnectivity, the third is the IoT technology and equipment upgrades, and the fourth is the IoT security has attracted attention.
With the continuous development of IoT technology, it has been quietly integrated into people's daily life, and briefly introduces the application scenarios of IoT 2.0 in the daily life of logistics, transportation, home, security, medical care, construction, retail, etc., and looks forward to the development trend of IoT.
Features of the "Internet of Things Era" and Its Embodiment in Daily Life
Abstract Through the introduction of the concept of "Internet of Things", the basic connotation of the Internet of Things Era 2.0 is introduced, the basic features of the Internet of Things Era 2.0 are summarized, and the basic features of the Internet of Things Era 2.0 are briefly introduced. It also briefly introduces the application scenarios of IoT 2.0 in daily life, such as logistics, transportation, home, security, medical care, construction, retail, etc., and looks forward to the development trend of IoT.
Keywords: Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, Cloud Computing
Internet of Things (IoT) is another wave of information industry after computer, Internet and mobile communication network, which can make our society more automated, make our life more convenient, and improve the informatization of society as a whole, and it will play an important role in improving the efficiency of information transmission, improving people's livelihood, increasing productivity, and lowering the cost of management. All aspects of society play an important role.
This paper systematically introduces the origin of the Internet of Things (IoT), its concept and its development, describes some of the characteristics of the IoT Era 2.0, and briefly describes the application of the IoT in daily life, such as transportation, medical care, and construction.
I. " Internet of Things Era " basic connotation
1 1.1 Internet of Things
In 1999, Kevin Ashton, a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), first proposed the concept of Internet of Things (IoT). Ashton believed that computers would eventually be able to generate and collect data on their own without human intervention, and would therefore drive the birth of the IoT. Simply put, the idea of the IoT is that objects communicate with each other and interact with each other online.
In 2005, at the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) in Tunis, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) released ITU Internet Report 2005: The Internet of Things (IoT), which formally put forward the concept of the "Internet of Things", which is defined as a wide range of information-sensing devices.
Like sensors, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, global positioning systems, infrared sensors, laser scanners, gas sensors and other devices and technologies, real-time collection of any need to monitor, connect, interact with the object or process, the collection of its acoustic, optical, thermal, electrical, mechanical, chemical, biological, location, and other kinds of information needed.
Combined with the Internet to form a huge network, its purpose is to realize the connection of things to things, things to people, and all objects to the network for easy identification, management and control.
The China Internet of Things School-Enterprise Alliance defines the Internet of Things as the combination of almost all current technologies with computer and Internet technologies to realize the real-time **** enjoyment of environmental as well as status information between objects as well as the intelligent collection, transmission, processing, and execution. Broadly speaking, the current applications involving information technology can be included in the scope of the Internet of Things.
The concept of the Internet of Things has been a "Made in China" concept, its coverage has evolved with the times, beyond the scope of Professor Ashton in 1999 and the ITU report in 2005, the Internet of Things has been labeled as a "Chinese style".
2>The Internet of Things has been labeled "Chinese style".
2 1.2 The Internet of Things Era
With the increasing popularity of cloud computing and the growing maturity of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, information technology is being driven to the Internet of Things era, especially in the IoT + AI convergence, so that everything has the ability to sense the physical equipment is no longer cold, but has the power of life, so that the physical world and the digital world is y fused, and then the boundaries of the industry are becoming increasingly blurred. increasingly fuzzy, mankind into a new intelligent society.
The era of Internet of Things is a network era through radio frequency identification, infrared sensor, global positioning system, laser scanner, gas sensor and other information sensing equipment, according to the agreed protocols, connecting any item with the Internet, information exchange and communication, in order to realize intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, monitoring and management.
The Internet of Things is the application expansion of the Internet, rather than the Internet of Things is the network, the Internet of Things is the business and application. Therefore, application innovation is the core of the development of IoT, and innovation centered on user experience is the soul of the development of IoT.
With the concept of Internet of Things (IoT) evolving from conception to development, and from practice to innovation, the IoT era has quietly moved from the 1.0 era to the 2.0 era. IoT 2.0 can be understood as IoE (Internet of Everything), while IoT 1.0 is IoT (Internet of Things), the scope of the former is larger than the latter, and the scope of the encompassing is also more extensive.
IoE emphasizes the concept of the Internet of Everything as any device or thing that can be connected through a network and communicate with each other in the network. In the era of "Internet of Everything" (IoE), all things (Everything) will gain contextual awareness, enhanced processing power, and better sensing capabilities.
The characteristics of the "Internet of Things era"
Compared with the Internet era, the Internet of Things era has significant characteristics:
1. "Internet of Things as a service" towards the ground
Since it is called the Internet of Things 2.0 era, of course, the Internet of Things 2.0 era is a new era. IoT 2.0 era, of course, and IoT 1.0 era has more obvious progress. Therefore, one of the obvious characteristics of IoT 2.0 era is the "IoT as a service" mentioned by academician Wu Hequan to the ground.
2, the Internet of things presents localization, functionality, industry interconnectivity
The Internet of things to land through the way of service, then how to land? At this time to assume responsibility for landing is the real Internet of Things enterprises - Internet of Things platform enterprises. The Internet of Things, people connected to things, things connected to things with localization, functionality, industry interconnection, each industry application in the application of the formation of the specific needs of the network layer, and gradually industry standardization.
3, IOT technology and equipment upgrades
The upper application layer is gradually divorced from the IOT network layer, IOT network support technology (NB-IoT, Lora, etc.) is fully developed, blossomed. In the perception layer, the sensor will be upgraded to "sensor + actuator", so that the "eyes and hands" can be coordinated to play its greater function and role.
4, the security of the Internet of Things has attracted attention
The security of the Internet of Things since the concept was put forward, has been a great deal of attention, in the future, the security of the Internet of Things will be made a relatively independent field of research, get enough attention and development.
The future IoT 2.0 should continue to improve the level of artificial intelligence through the improvement of artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, 5G and other technologies, improve the language assistant technology, and strengthen the security and trust of the Internet of Things, which is externally embodied in the iterative upgrading of the manipulation method.
That is to say, the future of IoT devices no longer rely solely on voice control to operate, but the integration and use of artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, 5G and other technologies, so that even if one of our movements, a look, an idea, and even if we have no expression on our face, the Internet of Things can also understand our thoughts.
3. " Internet of Things era " in daily life
In recent years, with the continuous development of IoT technology, it has been quietly integrated into our lives, as small as routers, smart speakers, refrigerators, large cars, industrial equipment, more and more items are connected to the Internet of Things.
3.1 Intelligent logistics
Intelligent logistics refers to the Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence and other information technology as the support, in the logistics of transportation, warehousing, transportation, distribution and other aspects of the realization of the system perception, comprehensive analysis and processing and other functions. Currently, the application in the field of Internet of Things is mainly reflected in three aspects:Warehousing, transportation monitoring and express terminal.
Through the Internet of Things technology to realize the monitoring of goods and transportation vehicles, including the location of goods vehicles, status and cargo temperature and humidity, fuel consumption, speed and so on. The use of Internet of Things technology can improve transportation efficiency and enhance the intelligence of the entire logistics industry.
2 3.2 Intelligent Transportation
Intelligent transportation is an important form of the Internet of Things, the use of information technology will be people, vehicles and roads closely together, to improve the transportation environment, to protect the traffic safety and improve the utilization of resources. Using the Internet of Things technology specific application areas, including smart buses, **** enjoy single car, car networking, charging pile monitoring, intelligent traffic lights and intelligent parking and other fields.
3 3.3 Intelligent Security
Security is a major application market for IoT because security is always a basic need for people. Traditional security is more dependent on personnel and very labor-intensive, while smart security is able to achieve intelligent judgment through devices.
At present, the most core part of intelligent security lies in the intelligent security system, which is to transmit and store the captured images, and analyze and process them. A complete intelligent security system mainly includes
three major parts: access control, alarm and monitoring, the industry is mainly video surveillance.
4 3.4 Intelligent Energy and Environmental Protection
Intelligent energy and environmental protection belongs to a part of the smart city, and its IoT applications are mainly focused on energy sources such as water, electricity, gas, street lights, and environmental protection devices such as manhole covers and garbage cans.
Such as the intelligent well cover to monitor the water level and its state, intelligent water and electricity meter to realize remote meter reading, intelligent garbage cans automatic sensing and so on. Apply IoT technology to traditional water, electricity and light energy equipment for networking, through monitoring, to improve utilization efficiency and reduce energy loss.
5 3.5 Intelligent Healthcare
In the field of intelligent healthcare, the application of new technologies must be human-centered. And IoT technology is the main way of data acquisition, which can effectively help hospitals realize intelligent management of people and intelligent management of things.
Intelligent management of people refers to the monitoring of human physiological status (such as heart rate, physical exertion, high and low blood pressure, etc.) through sensors, mainly referring to medical wearable devices, which record the acquired data into electronic health documents for easy access by individuals or doctors.
On top of that, through RFID technology can also monitor and manage medical equipment and items, realizing the visualization of medical equipment and supplies, which is mainly manifested in digital hospitals.
6 3.6 Intelligent Building
Building is the cornerstone of the city, technological advances to promote the intelligent development of the building, to the Internet of Things and other new technologies based on the intelligent building more and more people's attention. The current smart building is mainly embodied in the energy saving aspect, the equipment will be sensed, transmission and realize remote monitoring, not only can save energy at the same time can also reduce the building personnel operation and maintenance.
Currently, smart buildings are mainly embodied in the lighting of electricity, fire monitoring, intelligent elevator, building monitoring and termite monitoring used in the field of ancient architecture.
7 3.7 Intelligent Manufacturing
The intelligent manufacturing segment has a wide range of concepts and involves many industries. The manufacturing sector has a huge market volume and is an important application area for IoT, mainly in digitalization as well as intelligent factory transformation, including factory machinery and equipment monitoring and factory environment monitoring.
By installing corresponding sensors on the equipment, the equipment manufacturers can remotely monitor, upgrade and maintain the equipment anytime, anywhere, and other operations, to better understand the use of the product's condition, to complete the collection of information on the product's whole life cycle, and to guide the design of the product and after-sales service. The environment of the plant is mainly to collect temperature and humidity, smoke and other information.
8 3.8 Smart Home
Smart home refers to the use of different methods and devices to improve people's ability to live and make the home more comfortable, safe and efficient. IoT applied to the field of smart home can monitor the location, status, and changes of home products, analyze their changing characteristics, and at the same time provide feedback to a certain extent according to the needs of people.
9 3.9 Smart Retail
The industry has categorized retailing into three different forms according to distance: far-field retailing, mid-field retailing, and near-field retailing, with e-commerce, shopping malls/supermarkets, and convenience stores/vending machines as the representatives of each of the three. IoT technology can be used for both near-field and mid-field retailing, and is mainly applied to near-field retailing, i.e., unmanned convenience stores and automated (unmanned) vending machines.
Smart retailing creates an unmanned retail model by digitally upgrading and transforming traditional vending machines and convenience stores. Through data analysis and fully utilizing the customer flow and activities in the store, it provides better service to users and higher operational efficiency to merchants.
0 3.10 Intelligent Agriculture
Intelligent agriculture refers to the use of the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, big data and other modern information technology and agriculture to carry out in-depth fusion, to achieve the whole process of agricultural production of information perception, accurate management and intelligent control of a new mode of agricultural production, which can realize the agricultural visualization of diagnostics, remote control, and disaster early warning and other functions.
The application of Internet of Things in agriculture is mainly reflected in two aspects, namely, agricultural cultivation and animal husbandry. Agricultural planting through sensors, cameras and satellites to collect data to achieve crop digitization and machinery and equipment digitalization (mainly refers to the agricultural vehicle networking) development.
Livestock farming refers to the use of traditional ear tags, wearable devices, and cameras to collect data on livestock and poultry products, and through the analysis of the collected data, the use of algorithms to determine the health status of livestock and poultry products, feeding, location information, and prediction of rutting period, etc., for their precise management.
Four, the future development trend of the Internet of Things
The Internet of Things is another revolutionary development of the information industry following the computer, the Internet and mobile communications, and has been formally listed as one of the national key development of strategic emerging industries.
From smart security to smart grid, from the popularization of two-dimensional code to the "smart city" landing, as an emerging industry with high hopes, the Internet of Things is blossoming in all directions, and has been applied in many industries and fields, and quietly affecting people's lives.
With the progress of technology and related support for the improvement of the next few years, technology and standards localization, operation and management system, industry grassroots will become China's Internet of Things development of the three major trends.
The above content reference Baidu encyclopedia - inquiry-based learning