A, drug treatment
1, oral drugs:
(1) glucocorticoids: commonly used prednisone can effectively control the progression of the disease, to prevent the disease from gradually worsening.
(2) Chinese medicinal preparations: such as vitiligo pills, white spirit tablets orally, can treat various types of vitiligo.
2, local topical drugs:
(1) tacrolimus: the use of this drug to treat vitiligo can effectively help to restore skin color and reduce the progression of white spots, and can be used in genitals and other parts of the skin that are delicate.
(2) Hormone ointment: such as mometasone furoate cream, can prevent the spread of white spots and help restore skin color, but the application of this type of drug should prevent complications such as capillary dilation and skin atrophy.
(3) Vitamin D3 derivatives: can be used externally with carbotriol or tacalcitol ointment, combined with NB-UVB can enhance the efficacy.
(4) nitrogen mustard ethanol: nitrogen mustard hydrochloride, isoprinosine and glycerol dissolved in 95% ethanol for external use, need to be freshly prepared, stored in the refrigerator.
Two, surgical treatment
When patients apply drug therapy is ineffective, and is in the stabilization of limited small area of white spots, especially segmental, can consider the application of surgical or endosurgical combined therapy. Surgical treatment of vitiligo has transplantation therapy, tattooing method and skin abrasion 3 kinds, of which transplantation therapy is more widely used, can be divided into tissue transplantation and cell transplantation. Surgical treatment is not suitable for young children, because of its poor compliance.
1, tissue transplantation: that is, the use of different methods of skin removal, from the patient's own naked eye normal skin from the donor skin, and its transplantation to the white spots of a treatment method. Tissue transplantation includes full-thickness drilling transplantation, thin-layer chipping transplantation, single follicle transplantation and hair blister transplantation.
2, cell transplantation:
(1) At present there are two kinds, namely, epidermal cell suspension transplantation and cultured melanocyte transplantation, the latter is borrowed from cell culture to increase the? The number of cultured melanocytes is then transplanted to the white spots in a kind of surgery. Generally, melanocytes are isolated from the patient's skin for culture, multiplication, and finally transplantation.
(2) The success rate of transplantation is affected by many factors. Studies have shown that there are microenvironmental changes at the white spots. In addition, whether there are any changes in melanocytes after culture in vitro, whether there are any aberrations in the normal karyotype of chromosomes, whether there are any adverse effects of the transplanted pieces on the human body, and the long-term effects, etc., need to be further observed and researched.