In order to prevent the occurrence of production safety accidents on the construction site, improve the emergency response mechanism, in the event of an accident state of the project, rapid and orderly emergency rescue work in the accident, rescue the injured and reduce the loss of the accident, the formulation of this plan.
2 Hazard Analysis
2.1 Project Overview
2.2 Hazardous Sources
According to the characteristics of the project engaged in the project, the project undertaken is mainly machinery and equipment, electrical welding, work at height and other engineering construction. Production safety accidents that can occur and significant risk factors are fall-at-height accidents, electrocution accidents, collapse accidents, welding injury accidents, vehicle fire accidents, traffic safety accidents, fire and explosion accidents, machinery injury accidents and so on.
3 Emergency Organization and Responsibilities
3.1 Emergency Rescue Leadership Group and Responsibilities
(1) The project manager is the first person in charge of the emergency rescue leadership group, acting as the leader and responsible for the command of the emergency handling. The members are respectively composed of commercial manager, production manager, project secretary, chief engineer and electromechanical manager. Safety supervision minister is the first executive of emergency rescue, as deputy leader, responsible for the specific implementation of emergency treatment and organization.
(2) production manager is the second person in charge of the collapse accident emergency team, electromechanical manager is the second person in charge of the electrocution accident emergency team, the site manager is the second person in charge of the large scaffolding and fall from height accidents, welding injury accidents, vehicle fire accidents, traffic accidents, fires and explosions, mechanical injuries emergency second person in charge of the corresponding accident rescue organization and the work and accident investigation. Investigations with the work.
3.2 Emergency response team organizations and responsibilities
(1) rescue team: the team leader by the project manager, members of the safety director, site manager, mechanical and electrical manager, project engineers and project team and subcontracting units responsible for the composition.
The main responsibilities are: organizing and implementing the rescue action plan, coordinating the rescue actions of the relevant departments; timely report to the command of the rescue progress.
(2) Safety and security group: the head of the group by the project secretary, members of the project administration department, the police.
The main responsibility is to be responsible for the accident scene guard, to prevent non-rescue personnel to enter the scene, responsible for the scene of the vehicle traffic, to maintain law and order, responsible for the protection of the personal safety of rescue personnel.
(3) Logistics Department: The head of the team is the secretary of the project, and the members are composed of the project material department, administration department, contract department and canteen.
The main responsibilities are: responsible for mobilizing rescue equipment, equipment; responsible for solving the problem of accommodation and food for all staff participating in the rescue.
(4) medical rescue team: the head of the project health center doctor, members of the health center nurses, ambulance team.
The main responsibilities are: responsible for the scene of the injured rescue and other work.
(5) aftercare team: the team leader is the project manager, members of the project leadership team.
The main responsibilities are: responsible for doing a good job on the families of the victims of the appeasement work, coordination and implementation of the victims' family pensions and hospitalization fees of the injured; to do a good job on other aftermath matters.
(6) Accident Investigation Team: The head of the team is the project manager, the company's responsible departmental leaders, members of the project safety minister, the company's relevant departments, the company's relevant technical experts.
The main responsibilities are: responsible for the protection of the accident scene and mapping of drawings, identify the causes of accidents, determine the nature of the incident, put forward countermeasures, such as identifying accidents, put forward the views of those responsible for the accident.
4 Prevention and Early Warning
4.1 Prevention
4.1.1 Preventive measures to prevent falling from height
(1) Strengthen the education of safety self-protection awareness, and strengthen the management of the use of safety protection equipment.
(2) key parts of the project, the strict implementation of safety management professionals to monitor the system.
(3) with the construction progress, improve the safety protection facilities in a timely manner, all types of shaft safety door bar must be set up warning signs.
(4) all kinds of scaffolding and vertical transportation equipment after erection and installation, without acceptance prohibit the use.
(5) safety professionals, to strengthen the safety protection facilities inspection, found that the hidden danger of timely implementation of the solution.
4.1.2 Fire, explosion prevention measures
Each construction site should be based on the specific circumstances of their construction projects to develop programs, the establishment of fire safety systems and safe construction of the operating procedures.
(1) according to the construction of the specific circumstances of the development of fire protection programs, the establishment of a sound fire safety system, strict compliance with the operating procedures.
(2) in the project site shall not store paint, thinner and other flammable and explosive substances.
(3) The construction unit shall not set up a mixing room in the project, and shall not carry out the mixing of paint in the project.
(4) Smoking is strictly prohibited in the project site, the use of all kinds of open-flame operations should be issued a fire permit and set up a person to monitor.
(5) The work site should be equipped with adequate fire fighting equipment.
(6) During the construction period, the use of all kinds of open-flame operations within the project should be approved by the project manager of the construction unit of the Department of fire protection, and should be equipped with adequate fire extinguishing materials and fire fighting equipment.
(7) It is strictly prohibited to store oxygen and acetylene cylinders in the construction site.
(8) Construction work oxygen cylinders, acetylene cylinders and fire point to maintain a distance of 10 meters, oxygen cylinders and acetylene cylinders should be maintained at a distance of more than 5 meters.
(9) electric and gas welding operations to obtain a fire certificate, and set up a person to look after the construction site should be equipped with adequate firefighting equipment.
(10) operators must hold a license, to the project management department of the relevant personnel for the fire certificate, and according to the requirements of the operating area of flammable and explosive materials to clean up, the possibility of splashing down the sparks of the holes to take measures to seal.
4.1.3 Preventive measures against electric shock
(1) Adhere to the licensed electrical professionals, non-electrical professionals are not allowed to carry out the replacement or repair of any electrical components.
(2) Establish a temporary electricity inspection system, inspect and randomly check various lines and facilities on site according to the temporary electricity management regulations, and file the inspection and random inspection records.
(3) inspection and operation personnel must wear insulated rubber shoes, insulated gloves; must use special insulated tools for electricians.
(4) temporary power distribution lines must be set up in accordance with the norms, the overhead line must be from the use of insulated wires, not plastic cord, not into a bundle of overhead laying, not along the ground open laying.
(5) construction site temporary power set up and use must comply with the "construction site temporary power safety technical specifications" (JGJ46-88) regulations.
(6) construction equipment, vehicles and personnel, should maintain a safe distance from the line. Failure to reach the required minimum distance, reliable protective measures must be used.
(7) The power distribution system must be implemented hierarchical power distribution. The site of all the internal settings of the electric box must comply with the relevant provisions, the box must be reliable, intact electrical, its selection, fixed value to comply with the relevant provisions, switching appliances should be labeled with the purpose. The electrical system in the electric switch box needs to be unified style, unified configuration, the box body is uniformly painted orange, and according to the provisions of the fence and protective shed, the connection between the mobile box and the upper level of the electric switch box, the use of external application of the connection (all electric boxes must use the designated manufacturers of the recognized products).
(8) All distribution boxes on site should be labeled with the name of the box, the control of each line designation, number, purpose, etc.
(9) should keep the distribution lines and distribution boxes and switch boxes in the cable, wire to ground insulation is good, there shall be no broken, hard, with elevator exposed, wire extrusion, corrosion, leakage, and other hidden dangers, in case of a sudden accident.
(10) independent power distribution system must be used three-phase five-wire zero protection system, non-independent system can be based on the actual situation of the site to take the corresponding zero or grounding protection mode. All kinds of electrical equipment and power construction machinery metal casing, metal support and base must be taken in accordance with the provisions of a reliable zero or grounding protection.
(11) in the grounding and zero protection mode at the same time, there must be two levels of leakage protection device, the implementation of graded protection, the formation of a complete protection system. Leakage protection device selection should be in line with the provisions.
(12) In order to ensure that the site lighting is not interrupted in case of fire and other emergencies, the power switch in the distribution box must be used separately from the lighting switch.
(13) The switch box should be distributed by the sub-distribution box. Note that a switch to control more than two sets of electrical equipment can not be a gate for multiple use, each device should be by the respective switch box, it is strictly prohibited a switch to control more than two sets of electrical equipment (including sockets), in order to ensure safety.
(14) distribution boxes and switch boxes should be around the two people working at the same time enough space and access, do not pile up construction materials and debris next to the box.
(15) A variety of tall facilities must be installed in accordance with the provisions of the lightning device.
(16) Distribution box and switch box distance shall not exceed 30 meters; switch box and the electrical equipment it controls shall not be more than 3 meters apart.
(17) The use of power tools should be consistent with the relevant provisions of national standards. Tools of the power cord, plugs and sockets should be intact, the power cord shall not be arbitrarily long and switched, the tool's external insulation should be intact, maintenance and custody of a person in charge.
(18) the construction site lighting is generally 220V power lighting, structure construction, should be pre-buried pipe in the roof construction, temporary lighting and power supply should be wired through the pipe, must be installed in accordance with the provisions of the lamps and lanterns, and in the power supply side of the installation of leakage protector.
(19) The welding machine should be a separate switch. Welding machine shell should be made zero or grounding protection. All welding machines used in the construction site must be retrofitted with welding machine electric shock protector. Wiring should be crimped firmly, and install a reliable protective cover. Welding handle wire should be double line in place, shall not borrow metal pipes, metal scaffolding, track and structural steel as the circuit ground. Welding handle wire is not broken, good insulation. Welding machine set point should be moisture-proof, rain-proof, smash-proof.
4.2 Information Reporting
(1) The person who found the accident should immediately report to the team leader (deputy team leader). If it is a fire accident, must at the same time play 119 to the public security and fire department alarm, first aid to dial 120, 999.
(2) The team leader receives the alarm, notify the deputy team leader, team members, and immediately start the emergency rescue system.
(3) According to the type of accident to the government authorities where the accident occurred.
(4) The report shall include the following:
-- Time, category, location and related facilities of the accident;
-- Name and telephone number of the contact person, etc.
5 Emergency Response
5.1 Emergency Response to Large Scaffolding and Falling from Height Accidents
5.1.1 Emergency Response to Signs of Deformation Accident of Large Scaffolding Emergency measures
(1) Local deformation of scaffolding caused by foundation settlement. Set up eight bumps or scissor braces on the transverse section of double-row frame, and set up a group of vertical rods every other row until the outer row of the deformed area. The foot of the eight bumps or scissor braces must be located on the solid and reliable foundation.
(2) scaffolding rooted in the deflection of the overhanging steel beam deformation exceeds the specified value, should be overhanging steel beam anchorage point for reinforcement, steel beam above the steel support plus U-shaped bracket screwed tightly on top of the roof. There is a gap between the pre-embedded steel ring and the steel beam, which should be prepared and tightened with horse wedge. Hanging steel beam outside the end of the wire rope check one by one, all tightened to ensure uniform force.
(3) scaffolding unloading, pulling the system of localized damage, to be immediately developed according to the original program unloading pulling the method of restoration, and has produced deformation of the parts and rods to be corrected. Such as correcting the deformation of the scaffolding to the outward tension, first set up a 5t inverted chain according to each opening, and the structure of the taut, loosening the rigidity of the pulling point, each point at the same time to the inward tightening of the inverted chain to the deformation of the corrected, do a good job of rigidity of the pulling and the unloading of the point of the steel wire rope tightening, so that its force is uniform, and finally release the inverted chain.
5.1.2 Emergency measures when large scaffolding destabilizes and causes collapse and casualties
(1) Quickly determine the exact location of the accident, the possible scope of the accident, the degree of scaffolding damage, casualties, etc., so as to dispose of them according to the different situations.
(2) delineate the specific area of the accident, non-rescue personnel are not allowed to enter the specific area without permission. Rapidly verify the number of people working on the scaffolding, such as people were collapsed scaffolding under the pressure, we must immediately take reliable measures to strengthen the surrounding, and then demolition or cutting of the pressure on the injured rod, will be moved out of the injured. If the scaffolding is too heavy, the crane can be used to lift the frame slowly in order to save people. If there are no casualties, immediately implement treatment measures such as scaffolding reinforcement or removal. The above actions shall be arranged by the experienced safety officer and scaffolding foreman.
5.1.3 Rescue measures in case of falling accident
(1) Rescuers firstly organize rescue immediately according to the injured part, prompt the injured to get out of the dangerous environment quickly, send them to the hospital for treatment, and protect the scene. Look around the scene of the accident, there are no other sources of danger.
(2) In the rescue of the injured at the same time quickly report to the superiors of the accident scene.
(3) Rescuing the injured in several situations:
-- If it is confirmed that the person has died, immediately protect the scene.
-- If the person is unconscious, injured internal organs, fractures and massive blood loss: ① Immediately contact 120, 999 emergency vehicles or the nearest hospital from the scene, and explain the injury. In order to achieve the best results, but also according to the injury sent to a specialized hospital. ② traumatic hemorrhage: before the arrival of emergency vehicles, the scene to take measures to stop bleeding. ③ fracture: pay attention to the protection of the handling, the unconscious, may be injured in the spine, internal organs, or the injury is not known to all use a stretcher or flatbed, prohibit the use of cradling, hugging, back and other means of transportation of the injured.
-- General injuries sent to the hospital for examination to prevent tetanus.
5.2 Emergency response to electrocution
(1) Cut off the power supply, turn off the switch on the socket or pull out the plug. If you cannot reach the outlet switch, turn off the main switch. Do not try to turn off the switch of that piece of electrical appliances, because it may be the switch leakage.
(2) If you cannot turn off the switch, stand on something insulated, such as a stack of thick newspapers, plastic sheeting, wooden boards, etc., and use a broom or a wooden chair to pull the injured person away from the power source, or use a rope, pants, or any strip of dry cloth around the injured person's armpits or legs, to drag the injured person away from the power source. Do not touch the injured person with your hands, pivot the injured person away from the power source with a wet tool or metal substance, or drag the injured person with a wet object.
(3) If the patient's breathing and heartbeat stop, start artificial respiration and chest compressions. Remember not to give the electrocuted person a strong cardiac injection. If the injured person is unconscious, place his/her body in a horizontal position.
(4) If the victim is unconscious, has suffered burns, or feels unwell, call an ambulance or take the victim to a hospital immediately.
(5) When there is an electrocution accident at high altitude, the power supply should be cut off immediately, and the injured person should be lifted to a nearby flat place, and first aid should be given to the injured person immediately.
(6) the principles of the scene rescue electrocution: the experience of the scene rescue electrocution principle is: rapid, in situ, accurate, persistent. Rapidly - when the electrocuted person from the power supply; local - must be in the vicinity of the scene on-site rescue, the patient is conscious in the nearest hospital rescue. From the time of electrocution, within 5 minutes of timely rescue, life-saving rate of about 90%. 10 minutes of rescue, life-saving rate of 6.15% hope is very small; accurate - artificial respiration must be accurately sent to the action; adhere to - as long as there is a million percent of the hope that nearly 100 percent of the efforts to rescue.
5.3 Collapse accident emergency disposal
(1) collapse accident occurred, arrange for special people to cut off the relevant gates in a timely manner, and the site for the collection of audio and video data. Immediately after the occurrence of the organization of emergency personnel to arrive at the scene within half an hour again. According to the specific situation, take manual and mechanical combination of methods to deal with the collapse site. Rescue if encountered in the collapse of huge objects, manual handling is difficult, you can mobilize large cranes for mobilization. In close proximity to the slope, must stop mechanical operations, all change to manual pickpocket, to prevent accidental injury to buried personnel. On-site rescue, but also to arrange for specialists on the slope, shelf material to monitor and clean up, to prevent the expansion of the accident.
(2) The accident scene should be set up around the cordon.
(3) the principle of unified command and close coordination. After the collapse accident, the forces involved in the battle, the scene is complex, a variety of forces need to be in the field under the unified command of the General Command, active cooperation, close coordination, *** with the completion.
(4) to fast system, the principle of decisive action. In view of the collapse accident has sudden, in a short period of time is not easy to deal with, disposal action must be done to receive the police scheduling fast, arrive fast, ready to fast, evacuation and rescue fast, to achieve the purpose of the fast system fast.
(5) scientific, sound and reliable principle. To solve the collapse accident to talk about science, to avoid impatient action triggered by continuous collapse accidents.
(6) The principle of saving people first. When the scene is threatened, the first task is to rescue people.
(7) casualty rescue immediately contact with emergency centers and hospitals, requesting emergency vehicles and make first aid preparations to ensure that the injured get timely medical treatment.
(8) accident scene forensics rescue operations, arrange for personnel to do a good job at the same time the accident investigation and evidence collection, in order to facilitate accident processing, to prevent the loss of evidence.
(9) self-protection, in the rescue operation, rescue machinery and equipment and rescue personnel should strictly implement safety regulations, with all the safety facilities and protective tools, to strengthen self-protection, to ensure that the rescue operation process of personal safety and property safety.
5.4 Welding injury emergency disposal
(1) not specifically trained personnel are not allowed to carry out welding work. Welding boiler pressurized parts, piping and pressurized containers and other equipment welder, must be in accordance with the requirements of the boiler supervision regulations (welder examination part), after the basic examination and supplementary examination, and hold a certificate of conformity, before being allowed to work.
(2) welders should wear canvas overalls, wearing a work cap, shirt is not allowed to tie in the pants. Pockets must be covered, feet wear insulated rubber shoes, so as not to be burned when welding.
(3) welders should be insulated gloves, not wet hand operation, so as to avoid welding electrocution.
(4) Prohibit the use of defective welding tools and equipment.
(5) High-altitude welding operators, should correctly wear a safety belt, the work surface is set up horizontal mesh pocket and paved with colorful strips of cloth, around the maintenance of dense mesh, in order to prevent welding slag spatter.
(6) are not allowed to weld on the equipment with pressure (liquid pressure or gas pressure) or electrified equipment.
(7) The site on the fixed power line must be added to the plastic casing buried protection, in order to prevent electrocution by the pressure of the processed parts.
(8) Before welding construction, the project should be unified for the fire certificate.
5.5 Vehicle fire accident emergency disposal
(1) vehicle fire accident, the project should immediately organize personnel to extinguish the fire, if possible, unload the goods on the car.
(2) Clear the road to the scene of the incident to ensure the smooth progress of rescue work, and evacuate the crowd to a safe place.
(3) in the process of first aid, in the event of a threat to the right to personal safety, should first ensure personal safety, and then take first aid measures after quickly organizing to get out of the dangerous area or place.
(4) in order to prevent the vehicle from exploding, the project personnel in addition to self-help, but also to the social professional rescue team for help, as soon as possible to extinguish the fire.
(5) Regular inspection and maintenance of vehicles, check the vehicle mountain fire extinguishers equipped to ensure good condition is the best measure to prevent vehicle fire.
(6) the summer weather is hot, the temperature inside the car is high, in order to prevent spontaneous combustion of the vehicle phenomenon, should try to park the car in the shade or regularly on the car both sprinkler cooling.
5.6 Emergency Response to Major Traffic Accidents
(1) After the accident, quickly dial the emergency number and notify the traffic police.
(2) After receiving the alarm, the project should immediately organize a self-help team to quickly send the injured to a nearby hospital and send someone to protect the scene.
(3) to assist the traffic police to clear the road at the scene of the incident, to ensure the smooth progress of the rescue work, and to evacuate the crowd to a safe place.
(4) to do a good job in the aftermath of the people's appeasement, aftermath work.
5.7 Fire and Explosion Accident Accident Emergency Disposal
5.7.1 Fire and Explosion Accident Emergency Response Process Should Follow the Principles
(1) Emergency accidents occur, the person who found it should immediately call the police. Once this plan is activated, the relevant responsible person should take the disposal of major emergencies as the overriding priority, and never shirk and delay for any reason. Between the departments, between the units must obey the command, coordination and matching, *** with the good work. Because of the work is not in place or dereliction of duty caused serious consequences, to pursue the responsibility of the relevant personnel.
(2) project in the receipt of the alarm, should immediately organize self-rescue team, according to the pre-established emergency program immediately self-rescue; if the situation is serious, it is difficult to control and deal with, should be immediately in the self-rescue at the same time to the professional team to rescue, and closely cooperate with the rescue team.
(3) clear the road at the scene of the incident to ensure the smooth progress of the rescue work; evacuate the crowd to the safety zone.
(4) in the process of first aid, in the event of a threat to personal safety, should first ensure personal safety, and quickly organize out of the danger area or place, and then take first aid measures.
(5) cut off the power supply, combustible gas (liquid) transportation, to prevent the expansion of the situation.
(6) safety director for emergency affairs liaison, responsible for emergency contact work.
(7) After the end of the emergency, the safety director should fill in the record, and call the relevant personnel to study the countermeasures to prevent the recurrence of accidents.
5.7.2 Emergency measures for fire and explosion accidents
(1) Fire safety education for construction workers
The purpose is to help construction workers to learn fire prevention, fire extinguishing, evacuation, transfer of hazardous materials and other safety evacuation knowledge and methods of coping with the fire, explosion, to improve the construction workers on the fire, explosion and the mental capacity of the occurrence of resilience. Once an emergency occurs, construction workers can not only calmly save themselves, but also calmly cooperate with outside firefighters to do a good job of extinguishing fires, and reduce fire accident losses to a minimum level.
(2) early warning. When the incident occurs, the construction workers in the safety zone can pass the information and location of the fire occurrence to the construction workers on the upper floors through cell phones and walkie-talkies.
(3) The use of elevators, stairs, and bridleways in emergencies
In the event of a fire in a high-rise building, you can't use the indoor elevator and the external elevator to escape. Because the indoor elevator shaft will produce a "chimney effect", the external elevator will occur power short circuit. It is better to escape through the indoor stairs or outdoor scaffolding (the building height of this project is not high, it is better to take this method of escape). If the downward staircase is blocked, construction workers can wait patiently for rescue on a certain floor or at the top of the building, open the window or cut through the safety net to maintain ventilation, while covering your mouth and nose with a wet cloth and waving a colorful helmet to indicate where you are. Do not escape crowded in the horse path.
5.7.3 fire, explosion evacuation should be avoided behavioral factors
(1) people gathered
When the disaster occurred, due to the human physiological response and psychological reaction to determine the behavior of the affected persons with obvious light-oriented, blindly follow the nature. Light-oriented refers to the darkness, especially when you can not identify the direction, desperate, as long as there is a ray of light, people will be eager to go to the light. Blind obedience refers to the sudden change of events, life is threatened, people due to excessive tension, panic, and lose the ability to correctly understand and judge, as long as someone a greeting, will lead to a lot of people to follow, crowded escape, which will affect the evacuation and even cause casualties.
(2) panic behavior
is an excessive and unwise fleeing behavior, it is very likely to lead to a variety of injurious emotional action. Such as: despair, hysteria and so on. This behavior leads to "competitive" crowded, and then into the fire, through the smoke space and jumping and other actions, often with disastrous consequences.
(3) re-entry behavior
The victims have been evacuated or will be evacuated from the fire, due to some special reasons drive them to re-enter the fire, which also belongs to a kind of risky behavior, in the actual fire cases, due to the re-entry of the fire and lead to catastrophic consequences of the occupants of a large proportion.
5.8 Emergency response to mechanical injuries
The emergency director immediately summoned members of the emergency response team to analyze the scene of the accident, clarify the rescue steps, the required equipment, facilities and personnel, in accordance with the planning, division of labor, the implementation of rescue. When rescue vehicles are needed, the emergency director should arrange for a person to pick up the vehicle and lead the rescue vehicle to rescue quickly.
5.8.1 Emergency measures when the tower crane signs of accident
(1) tower crane foundation sinking, tilting: ① should immediately stop the operation, and the slewing mechanism lock, limit its rotation. ② According to the situation, set the ground anchor to control the tilt of the tower crane.
(2) tower crane balance arm, lifting arm folding arm: ① tower crane can not do any action. ② according to the rescue program, according to the situation using welding and other means, the tower crane structure reinforcement, or connecting method will be connected to the tower crane structure and other objects, to prevent the tower crane toppling over and in the demolition process of accidents. ③With 2-3 sets of appropriate tonnage crane, a lock lifting arm, a lock balance arm. One of them plays the role of balancing moment when removing the arm to prevent the sudden change of force and cause tipping. ④ according to the order of the rescue program, the lifting arm or balance arm connectors in the deformation of the connectors removed, cut with gas welding, with a crane to remove the arm; ⑤ according to the normal demolition of the tower procedures will be removed from the tower crane, in case of deformation of the structure cut with gas welding.
(3) tower crane tipping: ① take welding, connecting methods, without destroying the instability of the force to increase the equilibrium moment, control the development of dangerous situations. ② selection of the appropriate amount of tonnage crane in accordance with the rescue program will be dismantled crane, deformed parts with gas welding cut or adjusted.
(4) anchoring system risk: ① tower balance arm corresponds to the building, turn the arm process to be smooth and lock. ② tower crane anchoring system reinforcement. ③ If you need to replace the anchoring system components, the first tower crane down to the required height, and then replace the components.
(5) tower structure deformation, fracture, weld: ① tower counterbalance arm corresponding to the deformation of the part, turn the arm process to be smooth and lock. ② according to the situation using welding and other means, the tower crane structure deformation or fracture, open welding parts of the reinforcement. ③ Falling tower to replace the damaged structure.
5.8.2 Small mechanical equipment accident emergency measures
(1) the occurrence of various mechanical injuries, should first cut off the power supply, and then according to the nature of the injury parts and injuries to deal with.
(2) According to the degree of injury to the scene, while notifying the emergency hospital, while the scene of minor injuries to the rescue.
(3) for the seriously injured person unknown injury parts and the degree of injury, do not blindly rescue, so as not to cause more serious injuries.
5.8.3 Disposal of casualties caused by mechanical accidents:
(1) quickly determine the exact location of the accident, the scope of the possible impact, the degree of equipment damage, casualties and other circumstances, in order to dispose of according to the different situations.
(2) delineate the specific area of the accident, non-rescue personnel, without permission shall not enter the specific area. Rapidly verify the number of people operating on the tower crane, if any person is crushed under the collapsed equipment, immediately take reliable measures to reinforce the surrounding area, and then dismantle or cut the bar that crushed the injured, and move the injured out.
(3) Rescue of injured people in several situations:
-- If it is confirmed that the person has died, immediately protect the scene;
-- If the person is unconscious, injured viscera, bone fractures and massive blood loss: ① Immediately contact the 120, 999 emergency ambulance or the nearest hospital from the scene, and explain the injury. In order to achieve the best results, but also according to the injury to contact a specialized hospital. ② traumatic hemorrhage: emergency vehicles have not arrived before the scene to take measures to stop bleeding. ③ fracture: pay attention to the protection of moving, unconscious, may be injured in the spine, internal organs, or unknown injuries are always stretcher or flatbed, not a person to lift the shoulder, a person to lift the leg.
-- general trauma: ① depending on the injury to the hospital, to prevent tetanus. ② minor internal injuries, sent to the hospital for examination.
-- The development of rescue measures must consider the safety and risk of the measures taken, after evaluation to confirm the safety of the implementation of the rescue, to avoid taking improper measures to cause new injuries or losses.
6 Emergency supplies and equipment
(1) equipment for rescuers: helmets, protective clothing, protective boots, protective gloves, seat belts, respiratory protection apparatus, etc.;
(2) fire extinguishing agents: water, foam, CO2, halothane, dry powder, inert gas, etc.;
(3) fire extinguishers: dry powder, foam, 1211, gas extinguishers, etc.;
(3) fire extinguishers: dry powder, foam, 1211, gas extinguishers, etc.;
(4) fire extinguishers: dry powder, foam, 1211, gas extinguishers, etc.
(4) simple fire-fighting tools: brooms, shovels, buckets, basins, sandboxes, asbestos quilt, wet cloths, dry powder bags, etc.;
(5) fire rescue equipment: life nets, life ladders, life bags, life mats, life skids, descending devices, etc.;
(6) automatic life-supporting device: suitable for rescuing the respiratory depression or suffocation in a state of pseudo-death due to poisoning and asphyxiation, chest injuries, drowning, electrocution and other reasons. (6) Automatic resuscitator: It is suitable for rescuing the injured who are in the state of false death due to poisoning and asphyxiation, chest injury, drowning, electric shock and other causes of respiratory inhibition or suffocation.
(7) communication equipment: a fixed telephone, cell phone: in principle, each manager a person, a number of walkie-talkies.
7 plan management
7.1 Training
(1) According to the different trainees and jobs, select the training content, develop training programs.
(2) training content: the ability to identify abnormalities and timely reporting and awareness; how to correctly deal with a variety of accidents; self-rescue and self-rescue ability; knowledge of the use of a variety of rescue equipment and tools; the method of contact with the upper and lower levels and the meaning of the various signals; what are the dangers of hidden dangers of the workplace; the use of protective gear and homemade simple protective gear; how to act in an emergency situation.
7.2 Exercise
The project department organizes at least one actual on-site exercise every quarter according to the assumed accident scenario, and records the exercise plan and the passage on file.
8 plan revision and improvement
(1) In order to be able to apply new technologies and methods to emergency rescue, as well as to maintain consistency in the changing circumstances, the plan should be updated in a timely manner, and rewritten if necessary.
(2) Regular inspections of hazardous sources and new installations, changes in personnel, and timely updating of the plan.
(3) In practice and exercises to improve the level of further rationalization of the plan.