Nearsightedness can be corrected.
With medical advances, there are more and more means of correcting myopia, specifically at different stages of life, it is especially important to choose a myopia correction method that best suits your needs, so that the world in front of you becomes clear again.
1, children: distinguish the true from the false, careful prescription
Nearsightedness is not a one-day occurrence, often slowly formed. Careful parents who find their children squinting and rubbing their eyes when they look into the distance one day will have to pay attention to their children's eyesight.
When people look at the distance, the ciliary muscle in the eye is responsible for regulating the shape of the lens, the lens is equivalent to the lens of a camera, look at the distance the lens becomes thinner, look at the nearer the lens becomes thicker, so that the image can be clear.
Today's children's schoolwork is heavy, see more close objects, the ciliary muscle is often in a state of tension, coupled with not fully developed, unstable regulation, it is easy to false myopia, that is to say, only the ciliary muscle is too tired, and the eye has not yet changed.
So, once a child is found to have myopia, the parents should first take the child to have a dilated pupil examination, that is, to see whether myopia still exists when the ciliary muscle is completely relaxed, and then choose the treatment method after separating the real myopia from the fake myopia.
If you find that your child's myopia does not exist after dilating the pupils, it is pseudomyopia, and it is recommended that you relax the ciliary muscles by dilating the pupils with atropine every six months, which can be done during the summer and winter vacations because it takes about 20 days to recover from dilating the pupils once.
If the child is truly myopic, frame glasses are preferred to correct vision, which is the most affordable and convenient means. In addition, Li Ying introduced, there is a night-wearing plastic lenses can be used for children's myopia correction, specifically a pair of hard texture contact lenses every night when you go to bed to wear a pair of cornea flattening, the next morning to remove, vision can be maintained for a day normal.
This method is suitable for myopia of less than 500 degrees, and has the advantage of slowing down the development of myopia and avoiding the trouble of wearing frames, which is currently popular in Europe and the United States. As for myopia surgery, it is generally not advocated for children under the age of 13, considering the maturity of eye development.
But the refractive error of the small patients are excepted, that is, the difference between the two eyes myopia degree more than 200 degrees, we should be through the surgery to the deeper eye first to correct, so as to avoid the occurrence of intractable amblyopia.
2, young people: correction methods, personalized choice
Young people can choose from a wide range of myopia correction methods, from the outside of the eye to the inside of the eye, respectively, frames, contact lenses, refractive surgery, intraocular lenses (ICL) and so on.
These are all clinically well-established techniques. In general, from the outside to the inside, the methods become more and more complex, with progressively more demanding financial and medical requirements, but with increasingly better visual improvement. Given that each patient's specific situation is different, the choice of a plan should be based on the principle of individualization.
Generally speaking, young myopic patients can prefer affordable and convenient prescription frames. If you are in a good financial situation, out of love of beauty, or the special requirements of your occupation, you can not wear frame glasses, you can choose refractive surgery, the essence of which is to thin the cornea, so that the bottom of the eye imaging becomes clear.
Currently there are excimer laser and femtosecond laser technology, specifically can also be subdivided into a variety of different methods for different people. For example, young men who usually play a lot of sports can choose all-laser superficial surgery; women who are engaged in clerical work and are more quiet can choose semi-femtosecond;
Superficial laser surgery is preferred for low myopia (less than 300 degrees); and stromal laser surgery is preferred for medium-high myopia (300 to 1,000 degrees), such as full femtosecond or semi-femtosecond. Corneal laser refractive surgery can be chosen at the age of 18~55 years old as long as the eye condition permits. It should be noted that pregnant women can not be done, because their body hormonal changes make the cornea soft, prone to corneal bulging.
Extremely high myopia (more than 1,000 degrees) or poor corneal conditions are not suitable for cutting people preferred intraocular lens (ICL). If keratoconus surgery is to subtract from the eye, intraocular lens (ICL) is to add to the eye.
This is accomplished by placing a soft lens in front of the patient's eye lens, which is equivalent to placing eyeglasses inside the eye. The advantages of this technique are, first, good visual improvement, and second, reversibility, so that in the future, if the prescription is no longer appropriate or any problems arise, they can be removed.
One of the least recommended methods of correction for ophthalmologists is contact lenses. Contact lenses are scientifically known as "corneal contact lenses", which are attached to the cornea for a long time during the day and affect the cornea's respiration, and if they are combined with poor cleaning conditions or the wearer's lack of hygiene, they can cause damage to the cornea.
Experts emphasize that if you want to wear, must pay attention to wear time is not too long, in addition to cleaning work must be done, do not be lazy.
3, middle-aged and old: take into account the presbyopia and cataracts
With age, people's eyes began to age, mainly manifested in presbyopia and cataracts. Myopic patients also face these problems.
Presbyopia occurs early in people with non-myopic eyes, while myopia occurs later, but it does occur. With myopia plus presbyopia, some people have to wear two pairs of glasses, one for distance and one for near.
Today there are multifocal glasses, that is, the myopia and presbyopia to a lens, the wearer a little adjustment can switch, much more convenient. In addition, some people in their 40s and 50s who choose to have refractive surgery, the doctor will take into account the possibility of presbyopia in a few years, and do it with some myopia left, which can be offset at that time.
For myopic patients suffering from cataracts, today's IOLs have evolved to accommodate myopia. So, choosing the right IOL can solve the problem all together.
No matter which of the above myopia correction methods is used, what is improved is only the visual acuity, the elongation and deformation of the eyeball is not changed. Therefore, highly myopic people must avoid strenuous exercise in their lives, especially avoid diving, inversion, bungee jumping and other activities to avoid retinal detachment.
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