Working machine seat
By the roll, roll bearings, frame, rail seat, roll adjustment device, on the roll balancing device and change roll device and so on.
roll
is the plastic deformation of the metal parts (see roll).
Roll bearings
Support the roll and keep the roll in a fixed position in the frame. Roll bearings work under heavy loads and large variations, so the bearings are required to have a small coefficient of friction, sufficient strength and rigidity, and to facilitate the replacement of rolls. Different types of roll bearings are used for different mills. Rolling bearings have large rigidity, small coefficient of friction, but small pressure bearing capacity, and larger external dimensions, mostly used in strip mill work rolls. There are two kinds of sliding bearings: semi-dry friction and liquid friction. Semi-dry friction roller bearings are mainly rubber wood, copper tile, nylon tile bearings, relatively cheap, mostly used in section mills and open billet machine. Liquid friction bearings have dynamic pressure, static pressure and static - dynamic pressure three. Advantage is that the coefficient of friction is relatively small, the pressure capacity is larger, the use of high working speed, good rigidity, the disadvantage is that the thickness of the oil film with the speed and change. Liquid friction bearings are used in strip mill support rolls and other high-speed rolling mills.
Rolling mill stand
By the two pieces of "shop" to install the roll bearing seat and roll adjustment device, need to have enough strength and steel to withstand the rolling force. There are mainly two types of rack form closed and open. Closed rack is a whole frame, with high strength and rigidity, mainly used for rolling force is larger, such as the initial rolling mill and strip mill. The open stand consists of two parts: the body of the stand and the top cover, which is easy to change the rolls and is mainly used in the cross-type section mills.
Additionally, there is also a mill without a license plate.
Mill rail
For the installation of the rack, and fixed to the foundation, also known as the footplate. It supports the gravity and tilting moment of the working stand, and ensures the accuracy of the mounting dimensions of the working stand.
Roll adjusting device
It is used to adjust the roll gap so that the rolled parts can reach the required section size. The upper roll adjustment device is also called "press down device", there are manual, electric and hydraulic three kinds. Manual press down device is mostly used in the profile mill and small mill. Electric press down device includes motor, reducer, brake, press down screw, press down nut, press down position indicator, spherical pads and pressure gauge and other components; its transmission efficiency is low, the rotational inertia of the moving part is large, the response speed is slow, the precision of adjustment is low. since the 70's, the plate and strip mills using AGC (thickness automatic control) system, in the new strip cold and hot rolling mill and thick plate mill has been used hydraulic press down device, with the plate thickness and the thickness of the plate, the press down device can be used for the plate thickness, the press down device has the ability of the plate thickness, the press down device is also called "press down device", which is used for the plate thickness, and it can be used to adjust the plate thickness. The press down device has the advantages of small thickness deviation and high product qualification rate.
On the roll balancing device
Used to lift the upper roll and prevent the impact of the rolling parts in and out of the roll device. Forms include: spring-type, mostly used in section mills; heavy hammer type, commonly used in the roll movement of large initial mill; hydraulic type, mostly used in four-roll strip mills.
In order to improve the operating rate, the mill is required to change rolls quickly and easily. Change rolls C-hook type, sleeve type, trolley type and the whole rack change rolls type four. With the first two ways to change the rolls by the crane to assist in the operation, and the whole rack to change the rolls need to have two sets of racks, this method is mostly used for small mills. Trolley roll change is suitable for large mills and is favorable for automation. At present, the mill are used on the fast automatic roll change device, change a roll only 5 ~ 8 minutes.
Transmission
By the motor, reducer, gear and connecting shaft and other components. Gear block will drive torque to two or more rolls.
Auxiliary equipment including rolling process in a series of auxiliary process equipment. Such as raw material preparation, heating, turning steel, shear, straightening, cooling, flaw detection, heat treatment, pickling and other equipment.
Lifting and transportation equipment
Crane, truck, roller conveyor and transfer machine.
Accessory equipment
There are supply, distribution, roll grinding, lubrication, supply and drainage, fuel supply, compressed air, hydraulic pressure, removal of iron oxide, machine repair, electric repair, acid drainage, oil, water, acid recovery, and environmental protection equipment.
Naming of rolling mill
Named according to the rolling variety, mill type and nominal size. The principle of "nominal size" of the profile mill, is the gear seat herringbone gear pitch circle diameter; primary mill is named in the nominal diameter of the rolls; plate and strip mill is named in the work of the roll roll length; tube mill to produce the largest pipe diameter to name. Sometimes they are also named after the inventor of the mill (e.g., the Sengemeier mill).
Selection of rolling mills
The types and sizes of finished or semi-finished products mills are selected according to the requirements of product varieties, specifications, quality and output, and equipped with the necessary auxiliary, lifting and transportation and ancillary equipment, and then finally balanced according to the requirements of the various factors to be selected.
Rolling mill power facilities
In 1590, Britain began to use water turbines to drag the rolls, until 1790 there is a water turbine with a stone flywheel to drag the four-roll steel mill (Figure 4 water turbine-driven steel mill). 1798, Britain began to use steam engines to drag the mill. Modern rolling mills are driven by DC or AC motors, either individually or in groups through gears.
Classification of rolling mills
The rolling mills can be classified according to the arrangement and number of rolls, according to the arrangement of racks, and also according to the production of products, respectively, as listed in Table 1, the rolling mills according to the arrangement and number of rolls, Table 2, the rolling mills according to the arrangement of racks, and Table 3, the rolling mills according to the classification of the production of products.
The development of rolling mill
Modern tendency of the development of rolling mill is continuous, automation, specialization, high product quality, low consumption. 60 years since the mill in the design, research and manufacturing has made great progress in the strip hot and cold rolling mills, plate mills, high speed wire rod mill, H-type rolling mills and pipe rolling units, etc. performance is more perfect, and the emergence of the rolling speed of up to 115 meters per second, wire rod mills. Wire rod mill with a rolling speed of up to 115 meters per second, fully continuous strip cold rolling mill, 5500 mm wide plate mill and continuous H-beam mill and a series of advanced equipment. Mills with raw materials, single weight increase, hydraulic AGC, plate shape control, electronic calculator process control and testing methods more and more perfect, rolling varieties continue to expand. Some for continuous casting, control rolling and other new rolling methods, as well as to adapt to new product quality requirements and improve economic efficiency of various special structure of the mill are in development. (see color picture Anshan Iron and Steel Company rolling mill production of continuous rolling units ﹑ the first billet sizing cut-off equipment - 2000 tons of large shear ﹑ slab mill in the rolling of slabs ﹑ Shanghai Iron and Steel Plant No. 5, the first rolling workshop are hot furnace out of the steel ﹑ made in China's 4,200-mm thick plate rolling mill ﹑ heavy steel hot straightening machine ﹑ steel roughing mill before the high-pressure water to remove the iron scales machine ﹑ 2,300-mm steel mill production ﹑ 1,700-mm strip hot mill production scenes Main control room of a 1,700-mm hot strip mill ﹑ Cold strip mill in operation ﹑ Finished products of a cold strip mill - coils ﹑ Hot-dip galvanizers for strip ﹑ H-type wide-rimmed I-beam mill ﹑ Medium-sized rolling mills ﹑ Hot saws, the principal method of cutting sections to length ﹑ Cold beds for rails in large rolling mills ﹑ Cooling of loose wire rod coils for wire rod properties ﹑ The new 45° torsion-free finishing mill for wire rod ﹑ Small mill benches. Important auxiliary equipment for cross-linked miniature mills ﹑ Wire rod winder for receiving the finished product of a wire rod mill ﹑ Automatic tube mill for rolling seamless tubes with a diameter of 140 mm ﹑ Large-diameter tubes made in the 1970's, with a diameter of 2,540 mm ﹑ Spiral-welded tubes with a large diameter, one of the modern methods of tube production ﹑ Equalizer to ensure the dimensional accuracy of tubes at a seamless tube mill ﹑ Seamless tube billets being pierced ﹑ Sengimir 20-roller mill for rolling foils. Sengimir 20-roll mill ﹑ Train wheel and hoop mill in action ﹑ Large-scale forging and stamping equipment made in China - 32,000-ton hydraulic press ﹑ New type of plasticity processing equipment - precision forging ﹑ 3,000-ton horizontal extruder ﹑ Aluminum foil mill ﹑ Wide range of rolls for rolling a variety of products ﹑ Aluminum continuous casting mill.