The working principle of semiconductor refrigerator
The working principle of semiconductor refrigerator. Refrigerator is already an indispensable appliance in the home. It can be said that refrigerators are often used all year round. Now on the market There are more and more types of refrigerators, and semiconductor refrigerators are one of them. Let’s learn about the working principle of semiconductor refrigerators. Working Principle of Semiconductor Refrigerator 1
Semiconductor refrigerator is a product that is completely different from ordinary refrigerators in terms of refrigeration principle. It uses a 40 mm square and 4 mm thick semiconductor chip to dissipate heat through an efficient annular double-layer heat pipe and Conduction technology and automatic voltage and flow control technology realize refrigeration, and it is known as the world's smallest "compressor". Since semiconductor refrigerators are electronic physical refrigeration and basically use refrigeration working fluids and mechanical moving parts, they completely solve application problems such as medium pollution and mechanical vibration that cannot be solved by mechanical refrigeration refrigerators, and are more significant in small-capacity low-temperature refrigerators. The energy-saving features are of great development and promotion value.
Therefore, the effect of "semiconductor electronic refrigeration" mainly depends on the energy level difference between the two materials in which the charge carrier moves, that is, the thermoelectric potential difference. Pure metal has good electrical and thermal conductivity, but its cooling efficiency is extremely low (less than 1). Semiconductor materials have extremely high thermoelectric potential and can be successfully used to make small thermoelectric coolers.
Precautions for using semiconductor refrigerators
1. Semiconductor refrigerators can only cool or heat, but cannot make ice. They cannot be used to store frozen foods such as ice cream. , does not have the same cooling effect as a compressor refrigerator.
2. The semiconductor refrigerator can only be cooled to a temperature 20 degrees Celsius - 25 degrees Celsius lower than the ambient temperature, and can be cooled to a minimum of 5 degrees Celsius. However, this does not mean that when the ambient temperature is 10 degrees Celsius, the temperature inside the box can be reduced. to -10 degrees Celsius.
3. Please keep the vents and heat dissipation holes of the semiconductor refrigerator unobstructed, and pay attention to cleaning the dust on the fan or dust cover in time.
4. Do not stuff objects into the heat dissipation holes and air inlet holes of the semiconductor refrigerator. When using the semiconductor refrigerator, keep away from heat sources.
5. When the heating function and cooling function are switched, the power must be turned off and wait for 5 minutes before starting the refrigerator.
6. When cleaning the semiconductor refrigerator, please turn off all power sources and do not use hard objects or strong detergents to clean the refrigerator.
7. Determine the changing temperature and ambient temperature of the semiconductor refrigerator. These will provide you with a rough guide to the temperatures you can expect the semiconductor refrigerator to reach. The cooling temperature indication is usually: it can reach 20 degrees below the ambient temperature. below degree. Working Principle of Semiconductor Refrigerator 2
Working Principle of Refrigerator
1. Compression refrigerator: This type of refrigerator provides mechanical energy from an electric motor and works on the refrigeration system through the compressor. The refrigeration system is made by using the principle of low boiling point refrigerant absorbing heat when it evaporates and vaporizes. Its advantages are long life and easy use. Currently, 91 to 95 refrigerators in the world belong to this category. Currently commonly used refrigerators use a refrigerant called R600a as a heat "porter" to "carry" the "heat" in the refrigerator to the outside of the refrigerator.
2. Semiconductor refrigerator: It is a refrigerator that uses the principle of passing direct current through PN-type semiconductors to produce the Peltier effect on the nodes to achieve refrigeration.
3. Chemical refrigerator: It is a refrigerator that uses certain chemical substances to absorb heat strongly when dissolved in water to obtain refrigeration effect.
4. Electromagnetic vibration refrigerator: It is a refrigerator that uses an electromagnetic vibration machine as the driving force to drive the compressor. Its principle and structure are basically the same as those of compression refrigerators.
5. Solar refrigerator: It is a refrigerator that uses solar energy as refrigeration energy.
6. Adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration refrigerator.
7. Radiation refrigeration refrigerator.
8. Solid refrigeration refrigerator.
How to use
1. How to use the temperature compensation switch of the refrigerator. The household refrigerator is a wide climate zone refrigerator designed according to the characteristics of the large temperature difference between the north and south of my country. , when the ambient temperature is low (below 10 degrees Celsius, please turn on the temperature compensation switch for normal use. When the ambient temperature is low, if you do not turn on the temperature compensation switch, the number of working times of the compressor will be significantly reduced or it will not work. , the startup time is short and the shutdown time is long, causing the temperature of the freezer to be high and the frozen food cannot be completely frozen, so the temperature compensation switch must be turned on (the principle is that when the ambient temperature is lower than 10 degrees Celsius, you need to turn on the switch. The refrigerator compartment is heated to make the refrigerator work passively so that the temperature in the freezer compartment remains low and freezing. Turning on the temperature compensation switch does not affect the service life of the refrigerator. When winter passes and the ambient temperature rises, the ambient temperature is higher than 15 degrees Celsius. When using the refrigerator, please turn off the temperature compensation switch to avoid frequent startup of the compressor and save electricity.
2. How to use the refrigerator thermostat When the refrigerator is in use, its working time and power consumption will be affected. It is greatly affected by the ambient temperature, so we need to choose different gears in different seasons. The refrigerator thermostat should be in low gear in summer and high gear in winter. When the ambient temperature is high in summer, it should be in weak gear 2 and 3. When the ambient temperature is low in winter, it should be set to the strong setting 4 and 5. Reason: In summer, the ambient temperature is high (up to 30 degrees Celsius). If the temperature in the freezer is set to the strong setting (4, 5, up to -18 Below degrees Celsius, the temperature difference between the inside and outside is large, so it is very difficult for the temperature inside the box to drop by 1 degree Celsius. Furthermore, the loss of cold air through the box insulation layer and door seal will also be accelerated. In this way, the startup time will be long and the shutdown time will be short, which will lead to The compressor runs for a long time at high temperature, which consumes power and is easy to damage the compressor. If you change it to the weak gear (2, 3, etc.) at this time, you will find that the startup time is significantly shortened, and the wear of the compressor is reduced. Service life. Therefore, when the temperature is high in summer, the temperature control is adjusted to the weak setting. When the ambient temperature is low in winter, if the temperature controller is still adjusted to the weak setting, the temperature difference between the inside and outside is small, and the compressor will not start easily. Refrigerators with refrigeration systems may also experience defrosting in the freezer compartment.
3. The correct temperature setting of the refrigerator compartment is 5-7 degrees, which can ensure the freshness of food and avoid improper temperature settings. Too low will cause a waste of resources.
Everyone should have an understanding of the working principle of the refrigerator. The working principle of the refrigerator is also very simple. Learn more about the principles of the refrigerator when we buy it. It can play some role. At the same time, everyone should learn more about how to use refrigerators and strive to extend the service life of their own refrigerators. The working principle of semiconductor refrigerators 3
The disadvantages and principles of frost-free refrigerators
Disadvantages of frost-free refrigerators
Frost-free refrigerators are clean and refreshing. The evaporator is separated from the food. Food will not stick to the evaporator. The cold air system of the frost-free refrigerator takes away excess food in the refrigerator. Moisture-free, naturally frost-free without water, and food will not freeze together. The continuously circulating cold air of a frost-free refrigerator is filtered by the deodorization system, which keeps the smell in the refrigerator fresh for a long time and greatly reduces the odor transfer between foods.
Of course, air-cooled refrigerators are not perfect. Food is easy to dry out and lack water, because there will be constant circulation of cold air inside, which will lower the air humidity in the refrigerator. If some food is not kept fresh, If it is separated by film or fresh-keeping box, it is easy to lack water and be blown dry. Therefore, many air-cooled refrigerators are currently designed with some smaller storage boxes. In addition to making it easier to organize food, it is also to a large extent to slow down the drying speed of food. The price is more expensive and the noise is slightly louder. Frost-free refrigerators consume a lot of power. The internal structure of air-cooled refrigerators is more complex than that of direct-cooled refrigerators, so the manufacturing cost of the product is higher. Therefore, air-cooled refrigerators of the same volume and brand are generally more expensive than direct-cooled refrigerators. Refrigerators are more expensive. In addition, air-cooled refrigerators require fans to continuously blow cold air to every corner of the refrigerator, so relatively speaking, the noise will be a little louder than direct-cooling refrigerators.
The principle of frost-free refrigerator
The fact that a frost-free refrigerator produces a frost layer does not mean that the frost-free refrigerator will not produce frost when it is operating, but that there is no frost. The refrigerator has a scheduled defrost function, so we will not find the frost layer in the refrigerator in our daily life. About the composition of the defrost system of a frost-free refrigerator. Defrost timer, after a cumulative calculation of 17-24 hours of compressor operation, the power supply to the compressor is cut off and the power is supplied to the evaporator and water tank heating wire. Evaporator heating wire, evaporator heating defrost. The heating wire of the water receiving tank is used for heating and defrosting the water receiving tank. Defrost thermostat controls the temperature during defrost. Bimetallic piece or temperature fuse is a protective device to prevent defrost thermostat from malfunctioning.
Working principle: The defrost timer accumulates power to the compressor and circulation fan after 17-24 hours of cumulative calculation. The water tank heating wire is powered. When the defrost thermostat reaches the critical point (the temperature of the defrost thermostat), the power supply to the heating wire is disconnected (if the defrost thermostat reaches the critical point and has not been disconnected, the temperature insurance It will overheat and disconnect) At this point, a defrost process is completed, and then the timer restores power to the compressor, and delays power to the circulation fan for a few minutes, and cooling begins again.