Measures to achieve carbon neutrality:
1. Energy saving?
Mainly includes reducing and improving efficiency. Reduction mainly includes taking public **** transportation, energy saving and emission reduction. Efficiency improvement mainly refers to improve the efficiency of production, transformation, transportation, storage and utilization.?
2, remove?
Mainly includes physical removal and biological removal. Physical removal is the technology of carbon capture, storage and utilization. Biological removal is the fixation of carbon dioxide in plants and soil through a variety of plants and soils.?
3. Substitution?
Substituting fossil energy with non-fossil energy. Take the energy and power industry as an example, i.e., clean energy power generation instead of fossil energy power generation and electricity instead of fossil energy consumption.?
The huge impact of achieving carbon neutrality? ?
1, the power industry?
The power industry is the industry with the most mature and lowest cost carbon reduction technology, carrying the expectation of achieving carbon neutrality or even negative emissions first, which means carbon capture devices must be installed. The realization of carbon neutrality will lead to a long period of high growth in electricity demand. By 2060, China's electricity demand will be two to three times what it is today, which means a doubling of the size of the power system...?
Currently, the growth rate of renewable energy is far from carbon neutral. Achieving carbon neutrality by 2060 would require 200 million kilowatts of new wind and solar installations per year, compared with about 50 million kilowatts today. In order to cope with the fluctuations in renewable energy, it is necessary to fully and flexibly transform existing coal-fired power. Having fully utilized the flexibility of coal-fired power, electrochemical energy storage will be developed on a large scale.?
Considering the equipment life of 20-30 years, no new coal-fired power equipment can be installed after 2030 at the latest. Considering the 20-year maturity period for the development of the industry chain, large-scale deployment of carbon capture equipment will start by 2035 at the latest.?
2. Transportation sector?
China's transportation energy demand will continue to rise rapidly over the long term, and there is still room for 50% growth until 2060. Considering the 10-15 year lifespan of a car, achieving carbon neutrality by 2060 would mean no more sales of fuel vehicles from 2045, and sales of new energy vehicles would be at least 20 times higher than in 2019.?
Carbon neutrality requires rapid electrification of rail transportation, i.e., electric locomotives; transportation will be the first mass-application industry for hydrogen energy, and carbon reduction in transportation will facilitate the initial development and maturation of the hydrogen industry. ; Biomass fuels will have a long-term role, especially in airplanes, ships, and other equipment not suited for power generation or hydrogen production.?