Writing in the front
There are a number of areas where you can choose from, including the semiconductor industry, telecom operations, telecom equipment manufacturing, sensors manufacturing, display manufacturing, and drones manufacturing, to name just a few.
About thirty years ago, the world began to enter the era of information globalization, while a variety of electronic products rapidly spread. From developed countries to labor-intensive developing countries, there are different kinds of electronics industries.
But it is not limited to companies within the electronics industry. As long as there are companies that use electronics in their production, there will be a need for graduates in electronics and information technology.
In this issue, we're going to focus on some of the companies that have a greater relevance to electronics.
First, there is the semiconductor industry. This industry is one of the more relevant employment directions for electronics majors. The production process of semiconductors is so precise that it can be viewed as trying to print circuits that can record an entire library on a 25 square centimeter piece of circuit board. This is a very demanding process, so the semiconductor chip is a product that only a few countries and regions can produce, and at the same time it has an extremely large market demand.
The entire industrial chain of semiconductor companies is made up of three main segments: IC (integrated circuit) design, chip manufacturing, and packaging and testing. Below is a ranking of global semiconductor companies based on profit and manufacturing levels.
As you can see from the table, Taiwan has a number of excellent semiconductor companies. Where mainland Chinese companies are doing better in the global semiconductor industry is in the packaging and testing segment. Packaging refers to the process of assembling an integrated circuit into a final chip product. Testing refers to the process of verifying the structural and electrical function of a manufactured semiconductor component to ensure that it meets the needs of the system. But this part of the process is not very profitable compared to the first two.
TSMC, whose full name is Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited, is the best chipmaker in the world today. TSMC is a Taiwanese company that does not manufacture its own products per se, but only makes products for semiconductor design companies. On March 20, 2017, TSMC's market capitalization surpassed Intel to become the world's No. 1 semiconductor company. In China, TSMC has opened its own companies in Shanghai and Nanjing, in addition to Taiwan.
Taiwan companies and mainland companies for various reasons still have a strong technical barriers, with strict confidentiality agreements. For pure mainland semiconductor manufacturing companies, Semiconductor Manufacturing International is at the top of the list. Like TSMC, SMIC was and is a foundry solutions company, able to provide 0.35 micron to 45/40 nanometer chip foundry and technical services, belonging to the chip manufacturing enterprises.
But in fact, SMIC also has deep roots with TSMC. Its founder, Ru Jing Zhang, was an important partner of TSMC, and later, because TSMC refused to build a factory on the mainland, Zhang gave up all of TSMC's equity, and led more than 400 technicians to return to China to create SMIC. Semiconductor Manufacturing International (SMIC) has a close working relationship with Huawei Hi-Tech. Huawei Haisi is currently the best chip design company in China today.
Next is the communications industry, where the main players are the three major communications carriers in China, China Telecom, China Mobile, and China Unicom. China has a South Telecom and North Netcom, Netcom and Unicom were reorganized and merged into the same company in 2008. The three companies are all state-owned enterprises, and the wages they offer are not high, but they are definitely above the local average.
Generally speaking, the treatment of state-owned enterprises to get their hands on less money, but the end of the year awards and five insurance benefits are paid to employees to pay the full amount of payment, which means that there is a relatively large advantage in the local housing, as well as the future of the retirement salary is a little higher. And the job is relatively stable. These are the advantages of the three major operators in China, and in general belong to the more comfortable work.
If you want to pursue higher wages and challenges, you can consider choosing the communications equipment manufacturing industry, such as Huawei, Xiaomi, OPPO and other cell phone manufacturers. The communications equipment manufacturing industry is also one of the industries that telecommunications majors are particularly well suited for. In general, these well-known manufacturers give the pay package is also quite good, but the disadvantage is to often work overtime and burn youth.
Take Huawei as an example, Huawei to "985" level of freshmen new R & D post treatment, can probably reach pre-tax annual salary of about 150,000 yuan . According to statistics, in 2016, Huawei's global revenue reached 521.6 billion, the average annual salary of employees 730,000, of course, this is the average of all employees, including senior leadership.
In addition, Huawei, as a large international company, can provide some internationalization platform. The employees can gain experience by going on business trips and assignments around the world, which is a very good learning platform for newcomers to the society. The drawbacks of Huawei are also very obvious, the pressure of work competition is very high, the intensity of work is greater, working overtime every day, overnight to catch up with the project, the weekend meeting, in Huawei is more common than anything else.
Even though there are so many drawbacks, the companies mentioned above are the ones that many telecom graduates would love to work for.
In addition to this, there are a number of other industries that telecommunications majors can choose to work in. For example, there are some companies that specialize in the development of sensor devices, which are far away from our daily lives and may be unfamiliar to us. The light-controlled streetlights we see in our corridors are fitted with light-controlled modules and sound-controlled modules developed by these companies.
These sensors involve the interconversion of different signals. Physical information such as the decibel of sound and the angle of light intensity are converted into a fixed amount of current that is ultimately digitally recognized by a computer. The invention of these sensors was the material basis for automation in factories.
In addition to the chip manufacturing companies mentioned at the beginning of this article, there are many products in life that involve electronic circuit board design and development. For example, display manufacturing companies, our computer often use the AOC display, is Fujian Fuzhou City, Fujian TPV Technology Group one of the main products.
There's also Xiamen's Pegasus Microelectronics, whose displays are used in smartphones, tablets, ultrabooks, automobiles, medical, POS, and many other areas. Then there's the drone stabilizer manufacturing industry, with China's Dajian Group, the world's No. 1 civilian drone manufacturer. These companies are very well-known brands in China, and they also need a lot of telecom professionals.
Summary of key points:
1. Due to the prosperous development of the electronic information industry, the employment of electronic information personnel for the penetration of various industries, basically pervasive;
2. Specialized in providing telecommunications services, there are also many choices of enterprises, such as the semiconductor industry, telecom communications operations, communications equipment manufacturing industry, sensor manufacturing industry, display manufacturing industry, and drone manufacturing industry, to name a few;
3. There are a wide variety of companies in the electronics and information industry, with varying degrees of effort and expectation, that can find their counterparts here.
Next preview:
Today we introduced you to the employment situation related to electronics and information technology, and in the next session we will further refine it to introduce you to Electronics and information technology-specific jobs . . We'll see you in the next talk.