The century-old Lei Yun Shang Pharmacy was founded in Suzhou and developed in Shanghai, with a history of nearly three hundred years. It was founded in Suzhou in 1734 A.D. (the twelfth year of the Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty); in 1860 (the tenth year of the Xianfeng reign of the Qing Dynasty), it set up the "Shen No." outside the Xinbei Gate of Shanghai; in 1934, it set up the "Bei No." in the north of the Tianhougong Bridge on the north side of Henan Province (the present-day Henan Province Bridge); in 1937, it set up the Bei No. branch in the Jing'an Province. In 1937, it also set up a branch store in Jing'an Temple Road (now Nanjing West Road). Due to its large scale, strong assets and wide influence, the pharmacy was recognized as one of the four major Chinese medicine stores in Shanghai by the Chinese medicine industry in the early years. Since China's reform and opening up, after the reorganization of assets, industry and commerce, today's Shanghai Lei Yunshang Pharmaceuticals reappeared, becoming a strong Chinese medicine industry.
Lei Yunshang Pharmacy was originally known as "Lei Chanting Fen Tang, the founder of Lei Dasheng, the word Yunshang, the number of Nanshan, Lei's ancestors were originally from Fengcheng, Jiangxi Province, and later moved to Suzhou to settle. His father's name was Siyuan, and he died in the middle of his life in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. Lei Dasheng was born in the 35th year of the Kangxi period (1696), when he was young, he studied medicine, qin and poetry, and in the early Yongzheng period of the Qing dynasty, when he was in his prime, he was seriously ill in Beijing. After healing, abandoned Confucianism from the medical business, traveled to Shandong and other places, collection of Chinese medicinal herbs back to his hometown of Suzhou, from then on, practicing medicine to help the masses, and at the same time, research on the production of traditional Chinese medicine pills and pills and ointments, and authored the "Jin Gui Zheng", "the essentials of the theory of the abbreviation", "Dan Pills Fang Theory", "by the disease of the theory of the square" and so on the four books of medical science, unfortunately, the original writings have been dispersed no survivors, leaving only the four books name passed on to future generations.
According to the evidence, "Suzhou Prefecture" on the Lei Dasheng's father and son have the following brief description: "Lei Dasheng word Yun Shang, Wu County, his father, Si Yuan, Wanping nationality (Recorder's note: Lei Si Yuan was living in Wanping County, Hebei Province, so as to be the nationality), the Bugong student, the official Cabinet of the Chinese Book of Ministers, the military chapter of the King. Dasheng childhood education Confucian, both long and good doctor, meet the poor with the medicine, especially good at repairing and combining pills and cream Dan, for the time of the heavy ...... According to the "Wu County Zhi" Volume 75 also has the same description of the Lei Dasheng and recorded: "Dasheng early career Confucianism, the first year of Qianlong raised Hongbo did not, hidden in the medical ......" and other clouds.
Qing dynasty Yongzheng twelve years (1734), Lei Dasheng in suzhou yanganmen wear bead alley TianKu opened a Chinese medicine store, take signboard for "Lei recite fen tang", sales of self-produced medicines, and his own word "yunshang" in the store signboard sitting in the hall of practice medicine. Lei Dasheng was a highly skilled doctor. Lei Dasheng was a highly skilled doctor, and his own medicines were so effective that his reputation as "Dr. Lei Yunshang" spread throughout Suzhou and was known far and wide. Later, people called the pharmacy "Lei Yun Shang", and the official signboard of the pharmacy "Lei Chanting Fen Tang" was gradually omitted or even forgotten, and is now little known.
Lei Dasheng had five grandchildren, who were named Li Dafang, Keng Erfang, Qi Sanfang, Banana Sifang and Song Wufang, and these five families were passed on to the next generation. Qing Dynasty Qianlong 44 years (1779) Lei Dasheng died at the age of 84, Lei Chanting Fen Hall by the five grandchildren of the partnership, the property rights of each for one-fifth. After more than 200 years of reproduction, the third house of Yi has long been the only son of a single generation, the shareholding has always remained one-fifth, becoming the major shareholder. The other houses have many grandchildren, the shares are scattered, and there is a huge difference between the shares held by the descendants of each house.
Qing Xianfeng ten years (1860) the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom marching north, Suzhou city a war, the pharmacy can not normal business and closed. The Lei family distributed the valuable medicines in the store to the grandchildren of each family and left the countryside one after another to make a living. At this time, Lei Zi Chun from the third house of Qi and Lei Jun Sheng from the fifth house of Song left Suzhou and went to Shanghai. In the new north gate outside the city set up stalls to sell drugs to make ends meet, after the house grandchildren also successively to Shanghai to set up their own medicine stalls to make ends meet, the stalls are also selected in the new north gate and the old north gate between a section of the region, over time, the formation of this area of the market, there are certain characteristics. The life of Lei's descendants in Shanghai gradually stabilized, so the grandchildren agreed to open a branch of Chanting Fen Tang in Shanghai to restore the ancestral business. Because of limited funds, they recruited two outdoor shareholders with the surname of Ping and Tong in Shanghai, and opened a pharmacy called "Lei Chanting Fen Tang Shen No." at the entrance of Jingjiang Lane on Xingxin Sheng Street in the French Concession of Shanghai (Yongsheng Road, New Beimen, today) in the Qing Dynasty in the 10th year of the reign of Emperor Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1860). A few years later, the store was expanded to operate on Mingguo Road (now Renmin Road). At that time, the pharmacy was not large, the store was simple, and the capital was limited, all the capital was 800 taels of silver, of which Ping Yuan Ji contributed 200 taels as the major shareholder, Tong Qing Ji 100 taels, and the grandchildren of the five Lei's houses were each 100 taels. The main commodities of the business are the ancestral pills, pills and creams, including Gua Sha medicine toadstool pills, Zhuge marching pills, eight treasures red Lingdan, rhinoceros yellow wake up pills, plum blossom tongue pointing pills, zijin ingot and later six god pills and other varieties, which have a fairly well-known Lei's self-produced medicines. The business objective is to maintain the characteristics of the old store in Suzhou, selling only home-grown medicines, with as many as 300 to 400 varieties, without dealing in drink formulas.
In the opening of the "Lei Chanting Fen Tang Shen No." 40 years, the pharmacy business year by year to maintain a stable, no major ups and downs, to the Qing dynasty Guangxu twenty-eight years (1902), the pharmacy business has changed dramatically. In this year, there was an epidemic plague in the area of Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, and the demand for medicine expanded dramatically. Lei Chanting Fen Hall production of ready-made medicines are marketable daylight saving medicines, so sales increased greatly, turnover rose exponentially, this year's profits are very substantial.
When the first preparation for the establishment of the Shen number due to a lack of funds, the two outdoor shareholders were recruited as partners. Because of the operation of the law, business expansion assets increased sharply, enough to have the ability to sole proprietorship, and then decided to exclude foreign capital into the Lei family exclusive. Through the discussion of each room, the acquisition of Ping, Tong, two outdoor shareholders of the equity, and finally restored the sole proprietorship Lei's ancestral business. Thereafter, after several years of operation, the pharmacy operates most of the precious fine material goods, turnover is much higher than the ordinary drugstore tablets formula. For example, the six god pill every two (100 bottles) price of 120 yuan, equivalent to twice the price of gold. For this reason, the profit increased year by year, the assets expanded dramatically, to the Republic of China years, only bank deposits of 600,000 taels of silver. Some people have been calculated according to the market price at the time, Wuzhou Pharmacy in the Republic of China in 25 years in Fuzhou Road to build 10-storey Wuzhou building only cost more than 200,000 taels of silver, and Lei Yunshang's bank deposits can be constructed in 3 Wuzhou building, the richness can be seen.
In the early 1930s, Lei Yun Shang Pharmacy opened the North and North branches. With the further development of the pharmacy, the business expanded and profits multiplied. In order to expand the business, it was decided to utilize its strong capital to open a branch in order to grow. After the adoption of the resolution, began to prepare, in the north end of Henan Road Bridge, opposite the Tin Hau Palace (now Henan North Road, No. 30) disk of a due to mismanagement and bankruptcy, was closed by the court closure of the original "Tieqiao Bridge Qingyu Hall Pharmacy," after the renovation and expansion of the opening of a branch called "Lei Chanting Fen Hall North. In addition to its own traditional medicines (about 400 varieties were available at that time), it also sold Chinese herbal medicine tablets and ginseng and antler formulas, opened a nighttime formula business, and moved the mail-order business of the former Xinbei Men Shen No. to the North No., which was called the "all-around store of national medicines". It was officially opened in October, 1934, and the original Xinbei Men Shen was renamed South. The opening day for the long momentum, specially invited Shanghai's leading figure at the time, Gold Wing to the store to support the scene. The turnover of that day was more than 6000 yuan, of which only one kind of Tiger Bone Papaya Wine, sold thousands of bottles on that day, and the newspaper industry out of currying favor with the reporter touted as 50,000 yuan in the news report. In 1937, the "August 13th" war broke out, the north bank of Suzhou Creek, where the "North Number" is located, became the sphere of influence of the Japanese army, and most of the local stores of all trades were closed, and the residents fled one after another. In order to consider the safety of the property in the store, the North suspended its business, and temporarily rented a store at No. 719, Jing'an Temple Road, at the mouth of the Xieqiao Lane (today's Wujiang Intersection, West Nanjing Road), and transferred the valuable commodities in the store to the new site for temporary storage in order to avoid the war, and most of the staff also took refuge with them. Because of the concentration of residents in the area, the market is stable, and there are few pharmacies in the neighborhood. So, after a simple renovation in the new location, the store was opened in November of the same year, and was temporarily called "North Branch". At the end of the same year, the area north of the bridge gradually stabilized, and the North Branch resumed business. The original temporary North Branch of the business is more normal, there are prospects for development, decided not to withdraw. After renovation, new high-grade wood counter shelves, fine decoration of the facade, its scale exceeded the North, became a Chinese medicine store with a considerable style, that is, the current Shanghai Lei Yun Shang West. Since then, the north and west branches have been unified under the jurisdiction of the south number, which was moved to No. 91, Middle Henan Road in 1980.
New management model
Chinese medicine is an old industry, and most of them have been using traditional management methods for a long time. The company is different, he absorbed a set of scientific management mode of the new enterprises in the society, transplanted to the old Chinese medicine industry, as early as in the 1920s and 1930s has been formed and implemented. Even some of the details are also trying to be scientific and reasonable, such as ringing the bell when the door opens for business every day for the number of employees on duty are in the "staff list on the nameplate, off duty or vacation when the nameplate to flip for a clear picture. All employees are not allowed to go out of the store during the day and night, apprentices are specialized in learning production and business, and all miscellaneous work not directly related to the business has another handyman dedicated to his duties. Employees with family members in the city were all accommodated in the store, and were required to go home three times a month for overnight stays, the dates of which were negotiated and scheduled by the employees, and were not allowed to change the dates without authorization. Employees are entitled to two months of family visit leave per year, and if they do not take family visit leave, they are entitled to an allowance equivalent to double their salary. When returning to their hometowns, they are allowed to bring a specified number of commonly used medicines for their families' use, and they are released after inspection and approval.
The rules of the pharmacy are very strict, employees are not allowed to go out at night, no gambling, violators are dismissed from the store. If the store is damaged due to work errors, it is also severely punished, and an employee who negligently purchased low-quality raw materials was ordered to resign. In order to improve the culture of the staff, the store organized a reading class for the staff, and invited those who were capable to be the teachers, and most of the contents were selected from the "Gu Wen Guan Zhi". The band was formed in the early days of the liberation of "Lei Yun Shang staff band has a certain degree of popularity, and often participate in festivals and entertainment performances.
The store's valuable medicines have not yet been divided into semi-finished products, are stored in the bank vault, by the manager in charge of one of the keys, the manager must be personally present when picking up the inventory into the book before leaving the warehouse. The purchase of valuable raw materials, the provisions of the supplier to carry samples in the agreed time to the store at the same time and each price. Designated by the manager of the person in charge of the purchase of goods together with the product inspection division strict inspection, the selection of the best, as now, "bidding procurement. These management methods are not uncommon in today's business, but in the old Chinese medicine store decades ago, Lei Yun Shang's approach was unique. At the beginning of the implementation of these new systems, some of the workers in the store also caused some criticism, but Lei's management believes that it must be firmly implemented, and finally gained consolidation.
The drugstore system is strict, but very few employees deliberately violated the rules and was fired. The reason for this is that the economic treatment of employees is better, in Shanghai's "big four", Lei Yun Shang employees' wages are much higher than the other three. Employees, regardless of position, monthly pocket money of 7 yuan. Monthly wages from the lowest 70 cents to start blocking, high up to 2 yuan (base), the end of the year dividends are usually paid by the base of 1,000 times. The apprentice who has just completed the teacher's salary of 70 cents, the end of the year can get 700 yuan, this figure is almost twice as high as the senior staff of the ordinary drugstore. Therefore, employees treasure this "golden rice bowl", consciously abide by the strict rules of the store, never dare to easily violate. This is the first time that the company has been able to get the money to pay for its products and services," he said.
The "Six Gods Pill" is a famous specialty of Lei Yun Shang, but unlike other varieties, it was not created by Lei Da Sheng but has another origin. Some people think that Lei Yun Shang pharmacy is relying on the "Six Shen Pills" to make a fortune, but in fact it is not so. "It was only a hundred years ago that the Six Spirit Pills became a patented product of Lei Yun Shang Pharmacy. When the Lei family opened their own pharmacies in Shanghai, Lei Zifan, a descendant of the third Lei family, opened a small pharmacy called "Lei Tongjuntang" on Fangbang Road in Xiaodongmen, employing only two employees to run a small number of self-produced medicines. At this time, Lei Zifan possessed a secret recipe for Liushen Pills, which his father, Lei Zichun, had obtained and passed on to him. The pills were handmade by his wife and daughter in their home in Tonghefang, Suzhou, and brought to Shanghai for sale, where they were named "Lei Zifan Brand Six Spirit Pills. Lei Zifan's handwritten advertisements on small pieces of paper were posted on walls and poles, attracting many customers, including Japanese, thus opening up sales and a small amount of exports.
In the twenty-eighth year of the Qing Dynasty (1902), when Lei Chanting Fen Tang's business was expanding, the grandchildren of each house thought that the "Six Spirit Pills" should be operated by Lei Chanting Fen Tang's ancestor business, and that a single house should not be allowed to reap the benefits alone. Lei Zifan, however, claimed that the "Six Shen Pills" was a foreign prescription, not an ancestral Lei tradition, and that each house had no right to intervene. The grandchildren of each house recognized this fact, and by consensus contributed 10,000 yuan to buy out the production and management rights of "Six Spirit Pills" at once. And stipulates that in the future, where Chanting Fen Hall every sale of "Six Spirit Pills" a material, that is, equivalent to 200 bottles of 100 capsules, extract "regulation silver", that is, 98% of the silver 3 taels as royalties to Qi-San-Fang alone, the rooms do not have the right to share. This patent money is commonly known as "six to mention", that is, "six god pill commission", and set up a pen note by the two relatives to supervise the certificate as evidence. After the patent was bought out, the trademark of "Lei Zifan Brand Six Shen Pills" was canceled immediately, the original supply channels were suspended, "Lei Tongjun Hall" was closed down and two employees were absorbed by Chanting Fen Hall, and from then on, "Six Shen Pills" became "Six Shen Pills", and then "Six Shen Pills" became "Six Shen Pills". Only then did "Six Shen Pills" become a patented product of Lei Chanting Fen Tang. After the reform of the process, production increased, sales expanded, and became Lei Yunshang Pharmacy best-selling domestic and international specialty products. 1929 "Six Gods Pills" first price increase, "six mention" standard also increased accordingly, from 3 taels of silver to 4 taels of silver for each material. 1931 "Six Shen Pills" price increases again, another revision of the "six" standard, in order to calculate the convenience, no longer calculated in silver, changed to the total amount of two percent, that is, every sale of 50 bottles of Six Shen Pills according to the price of a bottle of commission, and in the future, such as price increases are similar.
In a period of up to 50 years, in order to "six to mention" there have been several disputes, Lei's rooms that can not be unlimited to let a room to enjoy the patent, which has been a lawsuit. But each time the lawsuit is fruitless, because the agreement made at the beginning and the end of the specified period of time, can be regarded as unlimited forever enjoy. The agreement also stipulated that the patent was to be inherited by the "eldest grandson" of the third house, and that even the brothers had no right to compete with each other. The descendants of the third family were all single and there were no brothers competing for the patent. Later on, the single heir of Qisanfang caused a lawsuit when he got divorced. The woman wanted to divide up the "six-ti" money, while the man claimed that it was the remuneration of the "producer", which should go to the producer alone, and had nothing to do with his wife. After the court's investigation and evidence collection, it was verified that this person had not been present during the processing of the "six god pills", so the claim of "supervising the production" was not substantiated. In the end, the court ruled that both men and women should split the proceeds 40/60. This was the judgment of the People's Court in 1950. It is clear that the "six-ti" agreement signed in the Qing dynasty in the Guangxu period has been extended to the post-liberation period and is still being implemented without fail.
The Lei Yun Shang pharmacy remained unchanged during the early years of the liberation period until 1956, when it was remodeled for the private sector, and the situation changed considerably. When the public-private partnership, Lei's descendants actively embraced the socialist transformation and took the lead in the public-private partnership, which played a positive role in the industrial and commercial sector in Shanghai at that time. In 1957, Beijing held the "National Women's Industrial and Commercial Sector and Industrial and Commercial Sector Family Activists Conference", the Lei's Qisanfang 16th eldest daughter-in-law Xu Zhaogu honored to participate in the conference, by Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai and other party and state leaders cordial reception. 1958 Lei Yunshang Pharmacy and several other famous traditional Chinese medicine stores *** with the same group of "public-private partnership". The "Public-Private Partnership Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Joint Pharmaceutical Factory" was established, and most of the patent medicine products were uniformly produced in the name of the factory. Among them, "Liu Shen Pills" was listed as "Class II Commodity" by the Ministry of Commerce and was uniformly allocated and exported to the whole country according to the plan. "
Shanghai Joint Pharmaceutical Factory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, a public-private partnership, is under the jurisdiction of the state-run Shanghai Municipal Pharmaceutical Materials Company, which purchases raw materials from the source and produces finished medicines in batches according to the needs of the community and according to the plan.
In the 1960s and 1970s, the three Lei Yun Shang pharmacies, formerly known as South, North and West, changed their names and moved their locations several times. The original workers were also subordinate to the Huangpu, Hongkou, Jing'an three districts of the pharmaceutical company and the city company according to the work needs in the industry to unify the deployment. Until the late seventies, each industry's famous century-old brands one after another to restore the original brand features, once several times changed the name of the Lei recitation Fentang pharmacy has also successively restored the original name of the store, uniformly known as "Lei Yun Shang pharmacy, until now unchanged. In order to revitalize the Shanghai national medicine, to achieve the goal of modernization of the traditional Chinese medicine industry, under the care and guidance of the Shanghai Municipal Government, focusing on the advantageous resources, by the urban areas, industry and commerce, re-establishment of "Shanghai Lei Yun Shang Pharmaceutical Company Limited" was formally established in September 2000, the company is one of the leading pharmaceutical companies in Shanghai. Shanghai Lei Yun Shang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. is a modernized large-scale Chinese medicine backbone enterprises, with the former Shanghai Pharmaceutical Company under the Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Factory, the second factory, three factories, Shanghai Lei Yun Shang Pharmaceutical Factory, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenxiang ginseng and antler Co. Ltd. as well as the sales branch of adult medicines, etc. It owns famous brands such as "Lei's" and "Shenxiang", and produces various kinds of Chinese patent medicines and nutritious health care products which are famous both at home and abroad.
The establishment of Shanghai Lei Yun Shang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. will be a milestone in the construction of a new high ground for the modernization of the Chinese medicine industry in Shanghai, and an important symbol of the accelerated pace of development of Shanghai's traditional Chinese medicine industry into a brand-new historical period.