We live in a colorful world, all the time to experience the red, orange, yellow, green, green, blue, purple to bring us endless spiritual pleasure. Color with light steps dress up the green mountains, green water, garden buildings, dyeing the family room, store windows. Four seasons clothing, three meals a day, daily utensils ...... all not * color for its glory. With the development of the economy, the role of color beautification is increasingly important, the application of color will be more and more extensive.
I, the basic knowledge of color
Color, which is emitted by the object, reflected light through the visual and produce. The eye can perceive the wavelength of light between 390 ~ 770 mm electromagnetic waves. It is only a very small part of the entire spectrum of electromagnetic waves.
Color has three main factors: hue, chroma, and chromaticity. There is both a difference and a close relationship between them. Normal people observe things in the visual psychology is not to take its shape and color. And color is often its special function "first color".
Color is closely related to people, different colors bring people different physiological and psychological feelings. Color will directly affect people's emotions and work efficiency. Due to people's life experience, traditional habits and age, personality and other differences, the color can produce different psychological reactions.
"Color is the language of feelings", according to different colors can induce different emotions. We can arrange the colors into an emotional chromatogram.
Red: passionate, joyful, bold and energetic.
Yellow: radiant, dignified, noble, loyal.
Blue: quiet, faraway, cold, gloomy.
Green: Healthy, lively, vitality, development.
Black: Silence, mystery, terror, purity.
White: monotonous, simple, frank, pure.
Gray: harmony, richness, stillness, sadness.
Colorful: mottled, dazzling, brilliant, fanciful.
These colors can form different emotions are people's psychological response to color. People put their own specific emotions and image sense endowed with color, in turn, the use of various colors to beautify the life, beautify the environment, beautify everything; from which to feel the incomparable richness of the color of the United States, and in this way to obtain psychological and physiological pleasure. Color has the following characteristics:
1. Color warm and cold sense: color can bring warm or cool comfort to the human physiology, can also make people produce hot or cold aversion. From the spectrum of colors close to the red, orange, yellow make people naturally associated with the sun, fire, or give people warm or hot feeling of anxiety. Light blue, blue-green, blue, purple, white and blue sky, ocean, snow and ice have a connection, can give a person cool and comfortable, but also can make people cold and lonely. Produce different effects, mainly to determine the psychological factors. Hot weather in summer, people to regulate the physiological and psychological differences in the sense of heat and cold, which should choose to absorb less light light colors, cold colors, such as white, blue. In winter, the choice of warm or dark cloudy colors.
2. Color sense of lightness: bright colors appear light, dark colors appear heavy. Light blue and green make people feel light, black, red and orange make people feel heavy. People in order to make the "roller" more heavy feeling, cast iron roller appearance still maintains the original color of black. Iron for ironing clothes, their own need to show a certain sense of weight, so often in the iron part of the fire red. To light green instead of black as the decorative color of the box, can make loading and unloading workers feel more relaxed, efficiency will also be improved.
3. Color space: generally speaking, the warm colors make people feel occupy a large space, the distance from people close. White with high luminosity also has this effect. They all make people feel that the color of the diffusion, the space increases, while the cold color is the opposite, green, purple, green and other colors will make people produce contraction, backward, away from the feeling. Utilizing this illusion can be very beneficial. The use of red lights as stop signals and yellow signs to indicate danger all take advantage of the diffusion characteristics of these colors. The gray and black TV frames set off the white screen, making the screen appear larger and satisfying the people's desire to see a larger screen. It is recommended that thin people wear less black clothes, are based on the effect produced by the sense of color space and choose a reasonable dress.
4. The cleanliness of the color: some colors feel dirty, some are very clean. White with light yellow, suggesting cleanliness and hygiene. White with green or light blue, will make into the association of crystal ice. And gray, dark red, navy blue and other cloudy colors, often make people feel or doubt whether the dirt behind the cover. Therefore, sanitary products, tableware, etc., will never choose this color.
5. Color sense of interest: color itself has no feelings and interest. But because of national habits, traditional hobbies, religious influences can produce a variety of associations, so that the color contains a variety of human interest. Red makes people enthusiastic, excited and happy; green makes people calm, quiet and gentle. Chinese feudal rulers symbolized yellow as supreme. In some countries, yellow was a symbol of despair and even death. Chinese people use white clothes as mourning clothes, while the West uses white clothes as wedding dresses. In short, color can only bring beauty to people if it is combined with certain contents. For example, the green light shining from a sapphire is very beautiful, but when people see a wolf's eye emitting green light in the dark night, it is a kind of fear rather than beauty.
In addition to the above characteristics, due to the joy of life is rich and colorful, the face of the delicacies of each taste, on some things tend to produce a preference, showing a strong tendency. This tendency is called "color preference".
Commonly used medical equipment is painted white, electromechanical hazardous part of the general preference for red. Once the color preference is formed, it has relative stability. Human physiological and psychological state, but also on the color selection to play a limited role.
Heat treatment equipment, often coated with lead color, the reason is that the lead color is "cold color", can play a role in reducing the psychological temperature.
Wood processing equipment should be light green, because the texture of the wood is warm, light green this peaceful, quiet tones to ease and eliminate the operator because of the warm colors surrounded by the surge of boredom. Dark-colored objects will make people have a sense of heaviness, the application of light colors will feel "light". Therefore, if you can add blue or light green spoiled big things, look can reduce the sense of oppression, easy to maintain a relaxed state of mind.
Customs also contribute to the formation of color preferences. Americans use red for cleanliness, while China uses white for cleanliness. This creates different color preferences in hygiene. These phenomena show that color, color preference has a scientific, reasonable factors, but also based on custom and unreasonable components. Should be combined with the specific situation using the relevant psychological, physiological and aesthetic knowledge to give an organic combination.
Color is one of the important factors in the composition of the beauty of the form. Because the color is different spectral effect on the retina and produce a feeling, so the color of the beauty and not beautiful, and human physiological and psychological factors have a direct relationship. Can consciously apply the laws of formal beauty, know the general knowledge of color, the color of light penetration, weight, space, warm and cold, clean, soft and hard and strong and weak sense of appropriate and reasonable application, will produce a higher aesthetic value and medical special effects.
The beauty of color requires sharpness, richness, harmony and unity. Bright red can cause strong visual stimulation, easy to cause people's distinctive sense of beauty. Railroad, navigation, aviation are selected penetrating red as a stop signal, no doubt the use of red distinctive features.
Rich is the second requirement of color beauty. If the color is rich, give people the beauty of the full and lasting. Tiananmen Underpass decorated environment, with colorful and diverse and the beauty of the whole. At night if you stroll in Nanjing Road, can attract attention, evoke the sense of beauty is first of all colorful flashing dazzling neon lights.
The beauty of color requires a harmonious unity, which is the highest requirement for color beauty. Considering the overall effect of color, we should pay attention to the color of the primary and secondary should be appropriate, the focus should be prominent, the contrast should be sharp, the overall need for harmony. So that the function and the beauty of the color as far as possible complement each other, natural.
Second, the special medical role of color
China's ancient medicine has long been the color of the combination of basic clinical techniques? "Green for the liver, red for the heart, white for the lungs, yellow for the spleen, black for the kidney" . By looking at the color expression of the face, we can infer the changes of the internal organs and diseases.
According to legend, the use of color to cure diseases was very popular in ancient Egypt and India. In recent times, German medical experts Moore used color electromagnetic waves to amplify the right color into the patient's body to treat a variety of diseases. To red treatment of small intestinal disorders, blue treatment of lung and colon disease, yellow treatment of spleen, pancreas disease ...... . This kind of different colors to treat different parts of the disease, to some extent, with our ancient dirty pitch science is extremely similar. Is there an intrinsic connection between this phenomenon of similarity and coincidence in countries with completely different backgrounds and customs? What is the scientific basis for color therapy? Is arousing the interest of many scholars, is also an interesting subject for further research. At present, more scholars have taken the initiative to apply color to the medical clinic.
White, in people's concept is a symbol of the hospital. Make people have a sense of security, in the visual reflection of the information confirms the relationship between white and hospitals. Psychologically there is a calm, clean mental state. Some scholars believe that the green color can make people's nerves quiet, not easy to make the eyes fatigue, patients and health care workers have a good feeling of psychological appeasement. Therefore, some countries in the medical sector once the wall, bed linen, clothing, hats from white to green. But in recent years, Japan's Aichi University ophthalmology experts after experiments found that: long-term look at a color will make people's eyesight loss. In the same long period of time caused by the degree of decline in the yellow color is the most intense, followed by green. Green color takes the longest time to restore normal vision after the loss. Therefore, it is controversial whether to use green instead of white in hospitals. However, the green environment can make people have a kind of return to nature association, can achieve the role of cultivating mood, regulating psychological activities. In this environment can be observed in the human skin temperature drop 1 ~ 2 ℃. Heartbeat can be reduced by 4 to 8 times per minute, breathing can also become smooth and slow. Therefore, the construction of some green areas with natural scenery in the hospital is beneficial to the recovery of patients. Blue color has a calming effect. Airplane passengers see the cabin blue interior will feel safe, calm, and thus happy through the air travel. This is undoubtedly the emotional effect of color plays a role. Living in a blue environment, not only can lift the psychological state of tension, and even have fever-reducing effect. Pink environment, can make people rest, let a person quiet. San Bernardino detention center in California, the United States, whenever a prisoner makes trouble, put him into a pink cell, 10 minutes after the prisoner is quiet, and even doze off, trouble can be avoided. Utilizing this point it can also make hypertensive patients blood pressure tends to stabilize. Therefore, in some hospitals, hypertension ward walls painted pink to play a complementary therapeutic effect. Some obstetricians wear pink work clothes, but also for the benefit of pregnant women to adjust their emotions, alleviate the symptoms of hypertension in pregnancy, in favor of normal delivery. From a physiological point of view, appreciate the beauty of the color can promote the human body to secrete some beneficial to health hormones, enzymes and other substances, play a role in regulating blood flow and excitement of the role of nerve cells. In short, the color environment is conducive to a variety of different patients, and monotonous color is not conducive to the physical and mental health of patients. In the future, whether or not the white color as the main theme of the hospital, is a new topic worthy of further exploration.