2. The "Tower of Experience" divides people's experience of acquiring knowledge and ability into 3 categories and 11 levels (revised to 11 levels in 1969) according to its level of abstraction. The 3 major categories are ( ), ( ), and ( ).
3. Learning outcomes and learning goals are essentially the same, Gagne, according to the different characteristics of learning outcomes, generalized five kinds of learning outcomes: ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), motor skills, attitudes.
4. 1954 Harvard University behaviorist psychologist Skinner published an article entitled "The Science of Learning and the Art of Teaching", pointing out the shortcomings of traditional teaching, pointing out that the use of teaching machines can solve many teaching problems. He designed teaching machines and programs to teach based on his ( ), and ( ) theories.
1. Educational Technology (AECT94 definition) 2. Performance Technology 3. Knowledge Management
4. Integration of Information Technology and the Curriculum 5. Information Literacy
1. How do you understand the meaning of "technology" in educational technology?
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of individualization?
3. What are the factors that influence the learning process?
4. Draw a diagram of Shannon Weaver's model of educational communication theory and analyze the educational communication process of school teaching according to the model
5. Talk about the understanding of Gagne's model of information processing for learning in the light of your own learning experience?
6. What are the roles of knowledge management for e-learning?
7. What are the bases for learning media selection?
8. Briefly describe the impact of the Tower of Experience theory on the development of audiovisual teaching methods
9. Compare and contrast performance technology and instructional system design, and what are the links and differences between them?
10. The basic elements of program instruction
IV. Discussion questions (the first sub-topic 12 points, the second sub-topic 13 points, *** 25 points)
1. "We are drowning in a sea of network data and information, but are suffering from hunger and thirst for knowledge". Explain the reasons for the above phenomenon and the measures to solve it.
2. At the Changchun 2004 International Forum on Educational Technology, Barbara Sears, Chair of the Definitions and Terminology Committee of the American Educational Communication and Technology Association (AECT), proposed for the first time a new definition of AECT's Educational Technology: Educational Technology is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources.Please talk about the interpretation and revelation of the new definition of AECT Educational Technology in the light of your own study
Educational Technology, Department of Educational Science, Zhoukou Normal College
Introduction to Educational Technology Test Questions
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1. The "Tower of Experience" categorizes the various experiences that people have in acquiring knowledge and competence into 3 major categories and 11 levels (revised to 11 levels in 1969) according to their degree of abstraction. The 3 categories are _________, _________, _________
2. In 1954, __________ published an article titled "The Science of Learning and the Art of Teaching", pointing out the shortcomings of traditional teaching and pointing out that the use of teaching machines can solve many teaching problems. He designed teaching machines and programs to teach based on his _________, and _________ theories.
3. Constructivist learning theory considers the four elements or attributes of the learning environment to be _________, _________, _________, _________
4. In 1925, the American psychologist ____________ designed the first automatic teaching machine. Known as the "father of program teaching" is ___________
5, the formation of educational technology through three teaching methods, respectively, ___________, ____________, ____________
The second, terminological interpretation (**) *20 marks)
1, Educational Technology (AECT94 definition)
2, Learning Resources
3, Instructional Media
4, Systems Approach
5, Processes
1, Essential Elements of Procedural Teaching and Learning
2, What are the bases for the selection of media?
3, the design principles of self-directed learning in a constructivist learning environment
4, the four educational revolutions according to historians of education
5, a list of common audio-visual media, choose any one of them to explain its strengths and weaknesses in the process of instructional communication.
Discussion (***40 marks)
1. Briefly describe the significance of the "tower of experience" theory in guiding the choice of media.
2, analyze the advantages and disadvantages of small group teaching
3, combined with today's development of educational technology in China, try to analyze the scope of research on educational technology.
4. At the Changchun 2004 International Forum on Educational Technology, Barbara Sears, Chair of the Definitions and Terminology Committee of the American Educational Communication and Technology Association (AECT), proposed for the first time a new definition of AECT's educational technology, which is: "Educational technology is the study and ethical practice of the world's most advanced technology. Technology is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate Please combine with your own learning, talk about the interpretation and inspiration of the new definition of AECT Educational Technology
I. Fill in the blanks (***15 points)
1. In 1925, the American psychologist ____________ designed the first automatic teaching machine. Known as the "father of program teaching" is ___________
2, 1954 Skinner published an article entitled "The Science of Learning and the Art of Teaching", pointing out the shortcomings of traditional teaching pointed out that the use of teaching machines can solve many teaching problems. He designed teaching machines and programs to teach based on his _________, and _________ theories.
3. Gagne summarized five kinds of learning outcomes according to the different characteristics of learning outcomes: _________, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________
4. The "tower of experience" puts people's knowledge and ability in accordance with its various experiences. ability of all kinds of experience, according to its degree of abstraction, is divided into 3 major categories of 11 levels (revised to 11 levels in 1969). The 3 major categories are _________, _________, _________
5. System science includes _________, _________, _________
2. Terminology (***20 points)
1. Performance technology
2. Educational informatization
3, Hypertext
4, Instructional Structures
5, Educational Technology
Three, Short Answer (***25 marks)
1, What are the elements included in the use of educational technology? How do they relate to each other?
2, a brief description of the existence of educational information resources according to the form of Internet educational information resources are usually divided into those categories;
3, what are the characteristics of educational technology in China? What are the main problems that exist in China's current educational technology?
4. Explain the functions of medical e-performance support system
5. Explain the point of view that "the media are generally flexible and replaceable"
4. What impact has it had on the development of educational technology? How is it related to educational technology?
2. Please review the history of the development of educational technology in China, and thus analyze the problems that exist in the process of applying modern educational technology for teaching reform in China? In view of these problems, can you put forward some new ideas to solve them?
3. What is information technology? What is educational technology? What is the relationship between the two? Talk about your view of educational technology?
4. Please name six hot areas of educational technology research? And give a detailed explanation on one of them.
I. Fill in the blanks (1 point each, *** 10 points)
1. In 1925, the American psychologist ( ) designed the first automatic teaching machine. Known as the "father of program teaching" is ( )
2. Bloom's cognitive domain of learning objectives include six levels:: know, comprehend, ( ), ( ), ( ), evaluation
3. The formation of educational technology has experienced three methods of teaching and learning, respectively ( ), ( ), ( )
4. The ability of learners to act and react to their environment through symbols (letters, numbers, words, etc.). Gagne categorizes intellectual skills into discrimination, ( ), ( ) and higher rules.
II. Explanation of Terms (3 points for each question, ***15 points)
1. Educational Technology (AECT2005 definition)
2. Learning Media
3. Educational Informatization
4. Streaming Technology
5. Teaching and Learning System
III. Short Answer (5 points for each question, ***50 points)
It is the first time that we have discussed this topic in a short answer question. points)
1. What is the logical starting point of educational technology?
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of group teaching?
3. What are the factors affecting the learning process?
4. A clearer overview of the development of educational technology can be obtained from the two directions and three stages of development of technology. This forms a "2 x 3" model of the development of educational technology, what are the specifics of the model?
5. Combined with their own learning experience to talk about the understanding of Gagne's learning information processing model?
6. What are the roles of knowledge management for e-learning?
7. Explain the idea that media are generally flexible and replaceable
8. Briefly describe three typical teaching structures
9. What are the characteristics of educational technology in China? What are the main problems of educational technology in China?
10. The basic elements of program teaching
IV. Discussion questions (12 points for the first sub-topic, 13 points for the second sub-topic, *** 25 points)
1. According to their own learning experience, if you are a teacher of a certain subject, talk about how to use modern educational technology to improve the effectiveness of teaching in your teaching
2. Please comment on the following points: Because multimedia computers have a variety of functions in teaching and have been widely used in teaching, so some people have suggested that the use of modern educational technology to improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning. Has been widely used in teaching, so some people proposed: multimedia computer is an all-purpose media, it can replace the slide, projection, radio, audio, film, television and other media. (Requirements: a clear point of view, well argued, logical argumentation.)
Reference Answers for Introduction to Educational Technology:
Paper 1:
I.
1- Informationized Educational Technology (Information Technology Age) Ideological Technology
2- Experiences of doing Experiences of observing Experiences of abstracting
3- Verbal Information Intellectual Skills Cognitive Strategies
4- Operational Conditioned Reflexes Positive Reinforcement
II.
1- Educational Technology is the designing of the learning process and the learning resources, development, utilization, management and evaluation theory and practice
2- Performance technology is the field of study that applies a systematic approach to analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation to improve the performance of individuals and organizations
3- It is the process of transforming various information available into knowledge and linking knowledge to people, and it is the process of standardizing and managing the knowledge to facilitate its generation, acquisition and reuse.
4- It refers to the organic integration of information technology, information resources, information methods, human resources and course content in the course of teaching and learning, and a new type of teaching method to accomplish the teaching tasks of the course
5- Basic knowledge and practical ability related to "information acquisition, information analysis, information processing and information utilization"
6- It is the process of transforming all kinds of available information into knowledge and linking knowledge to human beings, and it is the process of standardized management of knowledge to facilitate knowledge generation and reuse. Basic knowledge and practical ability
3.
1. Answer key: technology is a historical category, with the development of society and its connotation is constantly evolving. Technology consists of two aspects, namely, tangible material equipment, tools and means and intangible non-material, conceptual methods and skills. The focus of technology is on the improvement of work skills and the organization of work, not on tools and machines
2. Clear teaching objectives Provide a learning environment and learning methods that differ from traditional ones Provide students with timely feedback Flexibility in scheduling, self-paced learning, etc.
Over-reliance on students' initiative requires a high degree of motivation and responsibility for learning Preparation of materials suitable for individualized instruction is difficult. Difficulty Some teachers are not comfortable with supportive instructional tasks Limited range and type of curriculum appropriate for individualized instruction Learning-based curriculum depends heavily on support from host school administration
3. Physical and mental developmental status 3. level of pre-existing cognitive structures, learning strategies, motivation, learning styles 3. external environment
I.
1. experiences of doing, Observational experience, Abstract experience
2 Skinner Operant conditioning, Reinforcement
3 Context, Collaboration, Conversation, Meaning construction (resources)
4 Plessy
5 Audio-visual instructional methods, Individualized instructional techniques, Systematic design of instructional methodology
II.
1, Educational technology is the design, development, application, and use of learning processes and learning
1, educational technology is the theory and practice of learning process and learning resources design, development, application, management and evaluation
2, refers to the learning process can be utilized by the learner of all the elements, including mainly to support the learning of people, materials, property, information, etc.
3, the media to convey the teaching information
4, the system approach is in accordance with the systematic nature of the thing itself bar object to be placed on the system of the form of the examination, it focuses on the system as a whole. It focuses on the analysis of the system as a whole, and discovers the regularity of the system from the relationships and interactions between the elements that make up the system, thus indicating the general steps, procedures, and methods for solving complex systemic problems
5. It refers to a series of operations or activities taken to achieve a predetermined learning effect, and it is a sequence that includes inputs, behaviors, and outputs.
Three.
1 Small logical sequences of steps, positive responses, timely feedback of information, and self-pacing. Reduce the error rate
2. Based on learner characteristics, based on learning tasks, based on objective conditions
3. To give full play to student initiative in the learning process, and to be able to reflect student initiative
Externalization of knowledge
Achievement of self-feedback
4 Emergence of the writing system Emergence of printing Dedicated teachers Emergence of educational technology
2. Strengths: higher cognitive goals creative thinking skills ability, communication skills interpersonal skills, desirable attitudes character
3. Weaknesses: difficulties in groups attitudinal problems
Paper 3:
1. Prycey Skinner 2. action like conditioning reinforcement 3. verbal information intellectual skills cognitive strategies attitudes motor skills 4, Directly done experience Observed experience Abstract experience 5, Information theory Systems theory Cybernetics
Two
1 is the field of study that applies a systematic approach to analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation to improve the performance of individuals and organizations
2, refers to the comprehensive and in-depth use of multimedia computers and network communication technology based modernization of information technology for the promotion of educational reform and modernization of education. information technology to promote educational reform and modernization of education. To adapt to the new requirements of the information society on the development of education
3, is in accordance with the human brain's associative way of thinking non-linear organization and management of information in an advanced technology
4, refers to a certain educational ideas, teaching theory and learning theory under the guidance of a certain environment to carry out the process of the teaching activities of the stable structural form of the teaching system is the four elements of the four elements (teachers, students, teaching content, teaching media) interlinked with each other, is the teaching system of the four elements (teachers, students, teaching media), Teachers, students, teaching content, teaching media) interconnected interaction of the specific embodiment.
5. It refers to the theory and practice of designing, developing, utilizing, managing and evaluating the learning process and learning resources in order to promote learning.
Three
Media utilization, innovation promotion, implementation and institutionalization, policies and regulations
2Online databases, newsgroups, electronic bulletin boards, e-journals, e-books, educational web sites
3Non-substitutability, the process of development shows a certain degree of selectivity "survival of the fittest ", the development process of the understanding of the role of man is becoming more and more profound, the development of the need for new concepts, and to actively promote the overall reform of education in order to achieve rapid development of their own
Problems Problems in the concept of educational technology () Problems in the study of educational technology ()
I.1. Plessy Skinner
2, Application Analysis Synthesis
3. Audiovisual Teaching Methods Individualized Teaching Methods Systematic Design Teaching Methods
4. Concepts Rules
II.1. Educational technology is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance through the creation, use, and management of appropriate technological processes and resources.
Educational technology is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources