Standard prevention is an important measure to protect the safety of both doctors and patients, mainly including (ABCD)
A. Hand hygiene, the correct use of personal protective equipment (correct answer)
B. Respiratory hygiene and coughing etiquette, diagnostic and therapeutic equipment and environmental cleaning and disinfection (correct answer)
C. Patient placement, safe injection (correct answer)
D. medical fabric washing and medical waste management (correct answer)
Expansion:
Standard precautions include: hand washing, medical gloves, face masks, goggles and masks, isolation gowns, disposal of contaminated instruments and medical equipment, non-hazardous treatment of medical waste in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations, and environmental, object surface The disinfection and sterilization of the environment and object surfaces.
1, hand washing:
Contact with blood, body fluids, excretions, accompanied by secretions may be contaminated, after removing gloves, to wash hands or use rapid hand disinfectant hand washing.
2, medical gloves:
When in contact with blood, body fluids, excretions, secretions and broken skin mucous membranes should wear gloves. Gloves can prevent the possibility of medical personnel to transfer the flora of their own hands to the patient. Gloves prevent medical personnel from becoming vectors when infectious microorganisms are transmitted, i.e., they prevent medical personnel from spreading pathogens contaminated from patients or the environment among the population. Always change gloves between patients; gloves are not a substitute for hand washing.
3, mask, goggles chaperone and mask:
Wearing masks and goggles can also reduce the patient's body fluids, blood, secretions and other liquids of infectious substances splashed into the eyes of health care workers, the oral cavity and nasal mucosa.
4, isolation clothing:
Wearing isolation clothing to prevent contamination by infectious blood, secretions, exudates, splashes of water and a large number of infectious ruthenium blind invasive material is used. Wash your hands immediately after removing the gown to avoid contamination of other patients and the environment.
5, the treatment of contaminated instruments and medical equipment:
Reusable medical supplies and medical equipment, when used for the next patient according to the need for timely disinfection or sterilization.
First aid places appear to need resuscitation, the simple air bag instead of mouth reed blind no mouth artificial respiration.
6, medical waste in accordance with relevant laws and regulations for harmless disposal:
Medical waste is strictly categorized, sharps into the sharps box for disposal, to prevent needlestick injuries.
7. Disinfection and sterilization of the environment and object surfaces:
The hospital environment and object surfaces are cleaned regularly to keep them clean and dust-free to avoid the breeding of bacteria and viruses. At the same time, the contaminated surfaces should be disinfected in a timely manner, can use high-efficiency disinfectants or ultraviolet disinfection equipment to disinfect, to ensure that the hospital environment is clean and hygienic.