1. Chemical factors in the production of raw materials, intermediate products, finished products and production process of waste gas, waste water, waste residue and other active factors that can be harmful to health. Where a small amount of intake of substances harmful to the human body, known as toxicants. Poisons are dispersed in the air in the form of dust, fume, mist, vapor or gas.
(1) Toxic substances: such as lead, mercury, benzene, chlorine, carbon monoxide, organophosphorus pesticides.
(2) productive dust: such as silica dust, asbestos dust, coal dust, cement dust, organic dust, etc..
2. Physical factors are constituents of the production environment.
(1) Abnormal meteorological conditions: such as high temperature, low temperature, high humidity and so on.
(2) Abnormal air pressure: e.g. high air pressure, low air pressure, etc.
(3) Noise, vibration, ultrasound, infrasound, etc.
(4) Non-ionizing radiation: such as visible light, ultraviolet rays, infrared rays, radiofrequency radiation, microwaves, lasers, and so on.
(5) Ionizing radiation: such as X-rays, γ-rays and so on.
3, biological factors production of raw materials and operating environment of the presence of disease-causing microorganisms or parasites, such as Bacillus anthracis, fungal spores, Borrelia burgdorferi, forest encephalitis viruses and bagasse on the mold, etc.; medical workers in contact with infectious sources of disease, such as the SARS virus.
Socio-economic factorsEconomic globalization, gross national product (GNP), wealth distribution, cultural and educational levels, ecological environment, labor legislation, health care system, can affect the health of occupational groups. For example, low level of production management, poor plant construction or equipment, excessive physical load, and irrational production layout.
Relating to lifestyle1. Inadequate labor organization and system, irrational operation system;
2. Mental (psychological) occupational tension,
3. Changes in work rhythm, shift change and night shift work;
4. Smoking and excessive drinking;
5. Large influx of migrant workers to work in cities;
6. Lack of Physical exercise;
7. Individuals' lack of health and preventive concepts;
8. Violation of safety practices and neglect of self-care;
9. Excessive labor intensity or improper production quotas, and the arrangement of operations that are incompatible with the physiological condition of the workers;
10. Excessive strain on individual organs or systems, such as vision strain;
11. ...prolonged periods of poor body position or use of irrational tools, etc.
Quality of health servicesThe professional competence and medical ethics of medical personnel are important conditions for occupational health services. The implementation of the guidelines of occupational medicine and the promotion of respect for medical ethics.