Can capture video information at the same time to obtain the accompanying sound, so that the audio part and the video part in the digitization of synchronous preservation, synchronous playback. Video Capture Card, "Video Capture Card", its function is to capture the video signal into the computer and save it on the hard disk in the form of data files. It is essential for us to carry out video processing hardware equipment, through which we can video camera shooting video signals from the camera belt to the computer, the use of relevant video editing software, the digitized video signals for post-processing editing, such as cutting the screen, add filter ytterbium, subtitles and sound effects, set up transitions and add a variety of video effects, etc., and finally edit the finished Finally, the edited video signal is converted into standard VCD, DVD, and online streaming formats for easy distribution.
Edit paragraph classification
Video capture card according to the video signal source, can be divided into digital capture card (using digital interface) and analog capture card. Video capture card
Video capture card in accordance with the installation of links, can be divided into external capture card (box) and built-in board. Video capture card in accordance with the video compression method, can be divided into soft-pressure card (consuming CPU resources) and hard-pressure card. Video capture card in accordance with the video signal input and output interfaces, can be divided into 1394 capture card, USB capture card, HDMI capture card, VGA video capture card, PCI video card, PCI-E video capture card. Video capture card in accordance with its performance, can be divided into television cards, image capture card, DV capture card, computer video card, monitoring capture card, multi-screen card, streaming media capture card, component capture card, high-definition capture card, laptop capture card, DVR card, VCD card, non-linear editing card (referred to as non-compiler card). Video capture card in accordance with its use can be divided into broadcast video capture card, professional-grade video capture card, civilian-grade video capture card, the level of their grades is mainly the quality of the captured image is different. The difference between them is mainly the acquisition of different image indicators. Video image acquisition method is more, basically can be divided into 2 categories: digital signal acquisition and analog signal acquisition. Therefore, the common image capture card also has digital capture card and analog capture card, AV + DV 2-in-1 capture card types. Broadcast video capture card for the highest capture resolution is generally 768X576 (root mean square value) PAL, or 720X576 (CCIR-601 value) PAL 25 frames per second, or 640X480/720X480 NTSC 30 frames per second minimum compression ratio is generally within 4:1. This class of products is characterized by the acquisition of high image resolution, video signal-to-noise ratio is high, the disadvantage is that the video file is huge, the amount of data per minute is at least 200MB. Professional-grade video capture card level than the performance of broadcast-grade video capture card is slightly lower than the performance of the card, the resolution of the two are the same, but the compression ratio is slightly larger, the minimum compression ratio is generally within 6:1, the input and output interfaces for the AV composite terminals and S terminal. Civilian video capture card dynamic resolution is generally up to 384X288, PAL 25 frames per second.
Edit the acquisition principle
Video (Video) is a multiple still images (image frames) and continuous audio information in the timeline synchronized movement of the mixed media, multi-frame images over time to produce a sense of movement, so the video is also known as motion pictures. According to the different ways of video storage and processing, can be divided into analog video and digital video two kinds. Video capture is the process of converting analog signals from a video source into digital signals (i.e., 0's and 1's) through processing and storing this digital information on a computer hard drive. This analog/digital transformation is carried out through the capture chip on the video capture card. On the computer through the video capture card can receive analog video signals from the video input, the signal is captured, quantized into a digital signal, and then compressed and encoded into a digital video video capture card Digital-to-analog A/D conversion process
. Most of the video cards have hardware compression features, in the acquisition of video signals on the card first video signal compression, and then through the PCI interface to the compressed video data transfer to the host. General PC video capture card using intra-frame compression algorithms to store the digitized video into AVI files, high-grade some of the video capture card can also be directly captured into the real-time compression of digital video data into MPEG-1 format files. Since the analog video input can provide an uninterrupted source of information, the video capture card has to capture every frame in the analog video sequence and transfer these data into the PC system before capturing the next frame. Therefore, the key to realizing real-time acquisition is the processing time required for each frame. If the processing time for each video image frame exceeds the time between two neighboring frames, there is going to be a loss of data, i.e., frame loss. Capture card are the acquisition of video sequences are first compressed, and then stored on the hard disk, that is to say, the acquisition of video sequences and compression is completed together, eliminating the inconvenience of compression processing again. Different grades of capture cards have different quality of acquisition and compression performance. By the video capture chip will be converted from analog to digital signals, and then transferred to the card comes with a temporary memory, and then by the card comes with a video compression chip to perform compression algorithms, will be huge video signal compression to become smaller, the last of these compressed directly or through the PCI bridge chip into the PCI, stored to the hard disk. The latter uses a general-purpose video A/D converter to realize the acquisition of images, which is characterized by data acquisition takes up CPU time, high speed requirements for the processor, low cost, easy to implement, to meet the needs of certain image acquisition system. In terms of high-definition video capture and recording, VGA image capture card is a high-end product that emerges from the rapid development of digital information technology industry and the increased requirements for VGA signal acquisition in many fields. Now in whether in the industrial sector on the machine vision system applications, or in teaching, are widely used, it synthesizes many computer hardware and software technology, more involved in image processing, artificial intelligence and other fields. The video image acquisition card is an important part of the machine vision system, its main function is to real-time capture of the video data output from the camera, and provide a high-speed interface with the PC. Video capture card is our video processing essential hardware equipment, video digitization and digital video editing post-production of essential hardware equipment. Through the video capture card, we can take the video camera shooting video signals from the camera tape to the computer, the use of related video editing software, the digital video signal for post-production editing, such as cutting the screen, add filters, subtitles and sound effects, set transitions and add a variety of video effects, etc., and finally edit the completed video signal into standard VCD, DVD, and online streaming media formats. The final video signal will be converted to standard VCD, DVD, and online streaming media formats for easy distribution and storage.
Edit this section of the video capture
Acquisition of analog video
1, the acquisition of analog video 1) the establishment of an analog video acquisition environment video capture card
The analog video source (such as camcorders, cameras, VCRs, VCD players, DVD players, etc.) and the MPC equipped with a video capture card (or the Apple Computer PowerMac) is connected to form a hardware environment for analog video acquisition. constitute an analog video capture hardware environment. 2) Install the video capture software such as Acoustic Studio X2, AV BaoDian, etc. 3) Video Capture ①Set up the video source to be used ②Play the video from the video source device ③Complete the video capture by the video capture software.
Acquisition of digital video
2, the acquisition of digital video Acquisition of digital video refers to the use of DV video signals can be connected to the IEEE1394 interface to complete the digital video camera shooting DV signals captured to the multimedia computer system functions. First establish a hardware environment, including wireless transmission system. Installation of IEEEl394 (FireWire or i.Link) interface card, and use the connection cable to connect the DV camera. Note that the two ends of the DV connection cable have different connectors, one end has a 4-pin port for connecting to a digital video camera and the other end has a 6-pin port for connecting to an IEEE 1394 capture card. Optional audio mixer to adjust the sound output of the DV camcorder. Installation of external speakers. Installation of video processing software. Also need to install or optional other hardware and software:
Edit this section of the system requirements
The current video capture card is synchronized video capture and compression, that is to say, the video stream is compressed into MPG format files at the same time as entering the computer, this process requires the computer to have a high-speed CPU, sufficiently large memory, high-speed hard disk, and a smooth system bus. The computing power of the ...... CPU is sufficient to deal with what we require, and the motherboard is recommended to choose one with a control chip with RAID cascade function, as this can greatly accelerate the speed of the hard disk to store data. However, nowadays multi-core and super large capacity hard disk are basically enough for video capture. Memory prices have now basically fallen to the bottom of the wild, buy a brand name memory can provide enough memory bandwidth and capacity size, on the capture of images and conversion data is enough to cope with. The hard disk is the key to this setup, it not only needs to be high capacity, but also fast storage. Cache needs to be a minimum of 2M, the general hard disk can reach this cache, the capacity is of course the larger the better. Graphics card in the video capture does not appear to be so important, choose a general 32M or more AGP card can be. Sound card is generally enough to buy a common household use, and other, but generally not that necessary.
Edit this paragraph technical specifications
According to different applications, different applicable environments and different technical specifications, there are a variety of specifications of the video capture card. From the performance parameters of PCI-ETC2102 video capture card, you can summarize the main functions and technical indicators of the video capture card with PC as the hardware environment:
Interface
The interface of the video capture card includes the interface between the video and the PC and the interface with the analog video equipment. At present, the video capture card usually uses a 32-bit PCI bus interface, which is inserted into the expansion slot of the PC motherboard in order to realize the capture card and the PC's communication and data transmission. The capture card should have at least one composite video interface (Video In) in order to connect with analog video equipment. High-performance capture cards generally have a composite video interface and an S-Video interface. Typical capture cards support both PAL and NTSC television standards. Note: The former TV card is not a video capture card, the image capture card generally does not have a TV antenna interface and audio input interface, you can not use the capture card to directly capture the TV RF signal, but also can not be directly captured to the analog video accompanied by audio signals. There is also the previous image acquisition card (no audio and video signal synchronization real-time acquisition performance) to capture the accompanying sound, the PC must be equipped with a sound card, the image acquisition card through the PC sound card to obtain the digitized accompaniment and accompaniment with the acquisition of digital video synchronization to the same.
Functions
On a PC, a video capture card can receive an analog video signal from a video input, capture and quantize the signal into a digital signal, and then compress and encode it into a digital video sequence. Most video capture cards are equipped with hardware compression, in the acquisition of video signals on the card first on the video signal compression, and then only through the PCI interface to the compressed video data transfer to the host. The general capture card uses the intra-frame compression algorithm to store the digitized video as an AVI file, and some high-grade video capture cards (hard-compression cards) can also directly compress the captured digital video data in real-time into MPEG-1 format files.
Dropped frames
Since the analog video input can provide an uninterrupted source of information, the video capture card has to capture every frame in the analog video sequence and transfer this data to the PC system before capturing the next frame. Therefore, the key to realizing real-time acquisition is the processing time required for each frame. If the processing time for each video image frame exceeds the time between two neighboring frames, there is going to be a loss of data, i.e., frame loss. Capture card are the acquisition of video sequences are first compressed, and then stored on the hard disk, that is to say, the acquisition of video sequences and compression is completed together, eliminating the inconvenience of compression processing again. Different grades of capture cards have different quality of capture and compression performance.
Driver
Video capture card driver: video capture cards are generally equipped with hardware drivers to achieve PC control of the capture card and data communication. According to the operating system environment required by different capture cards, each has a different driver. Only when the capture card is inserted into the motherboard expansion slot of the PC and the driver is correctly installed can it work normally. However, nowadays, some video capture cards have strong compatibility and basically do not need to install additional drivers, and there is also a universal video capture card driver.
Video editing software
Video capture card applications (editing software): capture cards are generally equipped with capture applications to control and operate the capture process. There are also some generic capture programs, digital video editing software such as the latest version of Acoustic Video Acoustic X2 also comes with capture, editing, format conversion, burning and other functions. With the capture card hardware, that is, only the capture card hardware can be used after the normal installation and driver. Of course, now the capture card basically supports common video editing software and non-editing software.
Edit the basic types
Soft compression card and hard compression card
Soft compression card, also known as the video capture card, the board card is mainly composed of one or more video capture chip and peripheral components, circuitry, circuitry Video capture card
Structure is simpler than hard compression. This kind of card is only responsible for capturing video, and video compression, decompression and other video processing is realized by the CPU algorithm. Soft compression video capture card basic principles: the camera analog video signal input to the DVR card, by the video capture chip will be converted from analog to digital signals, and then directly or through the PCI bridge chip into the PCI, and then transferred to the memory, the card, the CPU performs the compression algorithms in the DVR software, will be a huge compression of video signals are stored in the hard disk. Hard compression card, also known as video capture compression card, the board card and soft compression card is different, more video compression and decompression part of the circuit structure, the video compression is not handed over to the computer CPU to deal with, but handed over to a DSP chip to deal with. Hard compression video capture card basic principles: camera analog video signal input to the DVR card, by the video capture chip will be converted to analog signals into digital signals, and then transferred to the board card comes with a temporary memory, and then by the card comes with a video compression chip to perform compression algorithms, will be a huge compression of video signals to become smaller, and finally these compressed directly or through the PCI bridge chip into the PCI, stored on the hard disk. In terms of video compression capability, hard compression is superior to soft compression. Soft compression card due to the use of CPU compression, consumption of computer resources, reasonable configuration of the computer is the key to long-term stable operation of soft compression DVR. Video capture card variety, but for those who are not a large number of commercial video capture and processing of amateurs, an inexpensive video capture card without hardware compression, or with the capture function of the TV card and 3D image card, it is fully sufficient to perform. As long as the software side of the effort, you can get and those high-end expensive video capture card equivalent results, of course, compared to the production process in the later film and television files will take you more time. The video capture software that comes with those inexpensive or comprehensive cards is usually too simple, especially in terms of the real-time file storage engine, and the results of using these simple capture software directly for video capture processing are usually hard to satisfy.
Analog capture card and digital capture card
From the video signal source and capture card interface to points, the video capture card *** divided into two categories: one is the analog capture card, the other is a digital capture card. Analog capture card through the AV or S terminal will be analog video signal capture to the PC, so that the analog signal into a digital signal, the video signal source can come from analog cameras, television signals, analog video recorders and so on. Digital capture card through the IEEE1394 digital interface, in the form of digital-to-digital, the digital video signal lossless capture to the PC, the video signal source is mainly from the DV (digital video camera) and some other digital devices. Analog capture card and digital capture card is an important difference: the use of digital capture card, no loss of video signals in the acquisition process, you can ensure that you get the exact same effect as the original video source, while the use of analog capture card will have a certain degree of loss of video signals. Some people have made a graphic analogy: analog capture is similar to the use of video tape recorder to rip the video tape, rip the sub-tape is always less clear than the master tape, if the use of the sub-tape to rip, the effect will be even worse; and digital capture is like a computer to copy data files, no matter how many times the copy, the copy of the file and the original file are exactly the same, there is no difference. Two-in-one capture card, refers to the digital analog capture card, AV + DV capture card. Digital input and output, analog interface input (DV/AV/S-video), full interface card.
External capture box and built-in capture card
External USB video capture card and built-in PCI interface video receiver card. T301 Professional USB Video Capture Card
These two things have their own advantages and disadvantages, if your funds are not very sufficient, it is recommended that you choose the built-in PCI video receiver card. Plug-in card recommended selection of PCI interface. At the same time, it has the following benefits: First of all, the price is certainly much cheaper than the external, secondly, it will not take up the external desktop space, now there are too many peripherals on the computer desk, if placed too much is also a relatively annoying thing; Third, the built-in video card does not require external power supply, not only to eliminate the need for a power plug location, but also reduces the power supply connecting the cable too much and appear very messy situation, but also to avoid the risk of power failure due to the mains voltage. Can also avoid the occurrence of unstable utility voltage brought about by the video quality degradation; Fourth, most of the built-in video receiver card can be realized in the Windows system under the multitasking Built-in video card weaknesses: easy to electromagnetic interference from the computer's internal components, resulting in a decline in the quality of playback; in the installation of the card to be a little more trouble than the external one, you have to dismantle the chassis can be installed in the installation of drivers or software is also easy and the other components are not as easy to install. Driver or software installation is also prone to conflict with other computer equipment, the advantages of external capture card is obvious, external performance than the built-in video receiver card will be more stable. It requires a special external power supply and a parallel port on the computer, which can cause a lot of inconvenience for those who have already connected more peripherals.
Edit the selection of key points
Clear purchase purpose
1, clear purchase purpose Video capture card has many models, they may be manufactured by different manufacturers, and each model of the video capture card is focused on a specific function, so we are in the purchase of the video capture card before the best to buy a clear purchase of the card's purpose to buy the card, buy the video card to be pay attention to its practicality.
System
2, choose the system Video capture card according to its structure can be divided into built-in and external two systems, external video card is also called the video receiver box, it is a relatively independent device, mostly independent of the computer host work, that is to say, no need to open the computer and run software can be used to receive video information video receiver box, in the additional features Provide AV terminal and S terminal input, multi-function remote control, multi-channel video switching. External video box installation and operation are relatively simple, more like in the use of a home appliance, and external products are often better than the built-in product viewing clarity. Built-in video card in addition to providing standard video reception often provide varying degrees of video capture capabilities, can be captured dynamic/static video signal into a data stream. With video capture video card in addition to receiving video information, but also with the analog camera device to form a visual communication system.
Price
3, choose the purchase price Next should be based on the requirements of the use, as well as the availability of funds to determine the appropriate price level. In general, the video capture card is always with the computer, post-production equipment with, form a system to use. In the same system, a variety of equipment quality indicators must be consistent with each other, if you choose the indicators are not consistent with the equipment, the end result, inevitably, can only achieve the lowest of these indicators, then the indicators of the high part of the equipment spent on the waste of money.
Capture effect
4, select the capture effect Select a capture effect of good video capture card is certainly the pursuit of users. Users can choose according to their own needs, choose a common video capture card or a video card for easy video production. In the specific purchase of video cards, we should carefully check the video input and output interfaces, in addition to ordinary RCA terminals, should also provide S-Video terminals. In the capture effect, should choose the dynamic capture effect is closer to the nominal 30 frames / second or 25 frames / second of the product as well, which should also ensure that the capture of the image screen color, brightness, contrast distortion is minimal.
Resolution
5, choose the resolution of the video capture card resolution is inextricably linked with the computer, if we want to get some high-quality video capture card to get some high-quality video footage should pay attention to the video capture card in the playback of the dynamic video resolution size, the higher the resolution is the better, if you want to realize the effect of high-definition recommended hdmi capture card. And then the poor quality of the TV card should also require that it can not be lower than 300 × 200 this ordinary TV can achieve the resolution standard, now the VGA HD capture card can be captured line by line 1920 x 1440 x60HZ VGA signal, of course, in order to make the video card can appear the most perfect demonstration effect, it is recommended that you will be the computer's resolution adjusted to the resolution of its purchase of the video capture card the same resolution.
Video format
6, video format If we buy a video card is mainly used for video editing, then we have to pay attention to the capture card to capture the image after the video format can be transferred, some video capture card can only be saved as AVI a video format, and there is no image compression function. In order to adapt to a variety of formats of video information editing and processing, high resolution, can be saved as a variety of images, image compression capabilities of the video capture card.
Functions
7, select the function Nowadays, the video capture card has more and more functions, but also more and more perfect. Usually an ordinary video capture card with only a few of these functions, we do not have to buy high, new, full, as long as the practical can be. The use of a laptop computer would like to use it to carry out some professional video processing, then you can go to the choice of external video card acoustic video laptop capture card.
Other details
8, pay attention to other details After considering the main aspects of the above, you can also compare some of the details, such as whether the video capture card to provide an automatic search for the storage station, whether it provides a manually set up auxiliary functions. Video card work on the computer screen to reproduce a clear and low distortion of the TV screen is also very important, there are some video card screen there is a more obvious flicker, the image is also relatively fuzzy, the purchase should try to test on the machine. Video capture card is generally equipped with hardware drivers to achieve PC control of the capture card and data communication, so pay attention to check whether the random driver disk. Also, to double-check the video card to support and have the type of video jacks, in addition to the standard CCTV jacks, AV video, audio input and output jacks, high-definition digital S-VIDEO jacks, etc. It is also best to have to facilitate and other audio and video equipment connected (eg: DVD player, speakers, etc.). Of course, if you feel that you will not use these other video and audio ports, it can be ignored, after all, without these jacks will be relatively cheap. In addition to the ability to receive additional cable channels is also a problem to consider, which is related to the characteristics of the product using the high-frequency head, can not be compensated by the software later. Lastly, when shopping for a product, ask the dealer for more information about the product's features and take a closer look at the manual to see if it is consistent with what the dealer said.
Use
9, the use of video capture card General capture DV video capture card is very simple to use, the installation of the capture card system will automatically install the driver, and then use the 1394 cable to connect the DV to the computer's 1394 video capture card inputs, and then install Acoustiguide, which is the simplest capture software, the latest version of the Acoustiguide X2, and then open the software and select the Capture (Capture), select the device for your DV machine (generally recognized by the system is named after the brand of the DV), and then select the capture format, generally choose mpeg or avi format. Click on the capture button will be able to capture.
Edit Installation Instructions
Note: When starting the software, make sure the VGA cable is connected and the VGA-capture card already has a VGA signal.
Functionality
The VGA signal uses up to 32-bit high-speed analog-to-digital conversion to ensure that the capture screen reaches high-definition and smooth, close to the original signal. Real-time sampling, acquisition, and analog-to-digital conversion of VGA signals. Sampling bandwidth up to 600MHz, maximum support for 1280 * 1024 * 60Hz. display video, text, pictures, web pages can be guaranteed clear, continuous, stable. Supports the acquisition of VGA output signals from desktops, notebooks and physical booths. Adapt to different resolutions and refresh rates of VGA signal sources.
Driver Installation
Insert the VGA-acquisition card into the PCI slot of the PC, and boot up the computer to prompt the installation of the driver. Copy the newVGACapture folder from the CD-ROM to your hard disk, select the newVGACapture folder where the driver is located, and install the driver. After the driver installation is completed, it will be displayed in Windows Device Manager as: vgacap. Then in the newVGACapture folder, click on reg.bat, it will show the successful registration, reboot the machine, and you can use the VGA card. This card provides support for DirectShow SDK and VC SDK for secondary development. It supports the output of RGB24, RGB32, YUY2 and other formats.
Applications
1. Support Windows Media 9 encoder, amcap and other software. Possible problems, and solutions: 1. Prompt No Source (No Source) Please check if there is a VGA signal source correctly connected to the VGA card, the VGA cable should use the VGA cable we provide (pin on one end, hole on the other). The port of the pin on the card is the VGA input port and the port of the hole is the VGA output port, you can't use a cable with pins on both ends. 2. amcap no display Select Option -> Preview prompt Cannot set frame rate for capture Select Capture -> Set Frame Rate, check off Use Frame Rate
Hardware Installation
Insert the VGA capture card into the PCI slot of the PC. PC's PCI slot, the interface braid line connected to the card is fixed, the braid line has two interfaces, one is VGA IN (connected to the input of the VGA signal source), the other is VGA OUT (VGA signal source loop-through output)
Detailed Steps
Disconnect the host computer's power supply and the need to disconnect the wires, open the host computer's side of the baffle, you'll see the largest board inside, that is. board, that is: the motherboard. Underneath the motherboard there will be cream-colored (mostly) slots (usually 5 on large boards and 3 on small ones), which are PCI slots. Insert the capture card into any of the PCI slots, if you have another card already installed in the PCI slot, then it is best to separate a slot from this card. Secure the capture card with screws. Attach the side panel of the host computer and connect the appropriate cables and power supply of the host computer. Turn on the computer, if you have a 1394 capture card and WIN XP system, then the system will automatically recognize the capture card, if not then put the CD-ROM supplied with the capture card into the CD-ROM drive and install the drivers and some programs required by the capture card. Right-click on My Computer, left-click on Properties, left-click on the Hardware tab, left-click on the Device Manager tab, and see if there is a yellow question mark. If there is no yellow question mark, it means the capture card is installed correctly and can be used. If there is a yellow question mark, it means that the capture card is not installed properly or the driver is not installed properly, or there are other problems. After solving the above problems, the capture card is ready to work. It is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the instructions for the capture card before using it.
Edit Scope of Application
Video capture cards are widely used in security monitoring, education courseware recording, large screen splicing, multimedia recording and broadcasting video, conference recording, virtual studio, virtual reality, security X-ray machine, radar image signals, VDR recorder, medical X-ray machine, endoscopy, CT machine, gastrointestinal machine, colposcopy, industrial inspection, intelligent transportation, medical imaging, industrial monitoring, instrumentation, machine vision and other fields. Video systems composed of video capture cards, interactive whiteboards and other video hardware are commonly used in image acquisition / image analysis and processing / video conferencing / digital monitoring. Government: remote work conference, government procurement meetings, remote statistics and collaboration, government bidding meetings, personnel recruitment and assessment, the masses of government consulting, letters and visits, public **** health command Finance: financial work conference, remote customer service, office meetings, e-commerce, remote consulting, operational guidance, roadshows, remote recruitment and training Enterprises: regular business meetings, remote business negotiation, collaborative work, remote recruitment Enterprise: regular corporate meetings, remote business negotiations, collaborative office, remote recruitment, agents channel business remote training, technical seminars, administrative offices, internal training and learning, branch meetings, remote customer service, remote monitoring Medical: remote consultation, remote medical consultation, remote medical exchanges Education: multimedia teaching video live recording, network education and training, remote tutoring tutoring, examination monitoring, parents' meetings, off-site academic exchanges, distance learning and observing classes Public Prosecution and Law Enforcement: Remote meeting, Public Prosecution, Law Enforcement, Forces: remote meeting, remote collaborative operation command, remote police command, remote interrogation, remote prison visit, courtroom live broadcast, emergency command Operation: telecommunication level network conference service, instant messaging service, VOIP, PSTN Information and Media: TV interaction, remote interview, remote consulting, remote business