Commonly used sterilization methods are:
1, heat sterilization method
Heat sterilization method using high temperature to make all the proteins within the microbial cell denaturation, enzyme activity disappeared, resulting in the death of cells. Usually dry heat, moist heat and intermittent heating sterilization method.
2, dry heat sterilization
Flame burning method or oven hot air sterilization method is called dry heat sterilization. The metal instruments or washed glassware into the electric oven, maintained at 150 ~ 170 ℃ for 1 ~ 2 hours, can achieve the purpose of complete sterilization (including bacterial spores).
3, moist heat sterilization
Because the first French microbiologist Pasteur used for fruit wine sterilization, so the name. This is a low-temperature sterilization method dedicated to milk, beer, fruit wine or soy sauce and other liquid flavored foods or seasonings that should not be sterilized at high temperatures.
Principles of sterilization:
Re-used diagnostic and therapeutic instruments, apparatus and articles should be cleaned after use, and then disinfected or sterilized. Diagnostic and therapeutic instruments, apparatus and articles contaminated by prions, gas gangrene and sudden unexplained infectious disease pathogens, should implement the provisions of chapter 11 of WS/T 367.
Heat-resistant, moisture-resistant surgical instruments, should be preferred to pressure steam sterilization, should not take chemical disinfectant immersion sterilization. The environment and the surface of the object, in general, first clean, then disinfected; when contaminated by the patient's blood, body fluids and other contaminants, first remove the pollutants, then clean and disinfect.
Disinfection products used in the disinfection of medical institutions should be approved by the health administrative department or in line with the appropriate standards and technical specifications, and should follow the approved scope of use, methods and precautions.
Reference for the above: Baidu Encyclopedia - Sterilization