Radiation
si unit
si unit moniker
specialized unit
Exposure
Coulomb-kilogram-1 (c-kg-1)
Undefined
Roentgen (r)
1r = 2.58×10-4Coulomb -kg-1 (1r = 2.58 × 10-4c-kg-1)
Absorbed dose
Joule-kg-1 (j-kg-1)
Gorey (gy)
1 gorey = 1 joule-kg-1 = 100 rad (1gy = 1j-kg-1 = 102 rad)
Rad (rad)
1 rad = 10-2 joule-kilogram-1 = 100 erg-g-1
(1 rad = 10-2 j-kg-1 = 102 erg-g-1)
Equivalent dose
Joule-kilogram-1 (j-kg-1)
Shivot (sv)
1 shivot = 1 joule- kg-1 = 100 rem (1sv = 1j-kg-1 = 102rem)
Rem (rem)
1 rem = 10-2 joule kg-1 (1rem = 10-2j-kg-1)
Radioactivity
Second-1
(s-1)
Becquerel ( bq)
1 Becquerel = 1 s-1
(1bq = 1s-1)
Curie (ci)
1 Curie = 3.7×1010-s-1
(1ci = 3.7×1010s-1)
Radiation index of electrical appliances
The Radiation Index of Electrical Appliances (RIAE)
The RIAE is based on a five point scale. Where it is rated as five points, are serious exceeded, can cause you to pay attention to; three stars above also belong to the scope of exceeding the standard, but also to cause your attention; a star, is safe, you can rest assured that the use of.
Electromagnetic radiation is divided into two levels, including the frequency band of the unit is μT, if the radiation in the 0.4 μT or more belongs to the stronger radiation, the human body has a certain degree of harm, long-term exposure to susceptible to leukemia. If the radiation is below 0.4μT, it is relatively safe. The unit of radio frequency electromagnetic wave is μW/㎝2.
1. TV
Traditional CRT TV is the first one to be tested. We first tested it in close proximity. Within half a meter of the front, the radiation value it produced was 0.12μT at the moment of normal power-on, 0.30μT during normal viewing, 0.27μT when changing channels, and 0.11μT in standby mode, while the radiation value on the side during normal viewing was 0.28μT, which seemed close to the warning value in general.
Because most people watch TV at a distance of about 3 meters, we also did a test at 3 meters on the front side, and found that there is a large degree of attenuation of radiation: switching on and off, normal viewing, changing channels, and standby state are 0.12μT, the test results show that the traditional tube TV will not be harmful to normal viewing. But to our surprise, it is in the back of the greater intensity of radiation, power on within half a meter of the radiation value of 4.8 μT, and across the glass, wood, radiation has not been reduced, and even across the 10-centimeter-thick wall radiation value of 0.9 μT. If your TV behind the head of the bedroom bed can be careful. But usually people rest and watch TV at different times, so it's not a big problem.
Then look at the plasma TV, front half a meter, power on, watch, change the station are 0.11μT, standby 0.12μT, side 0.11μT; in the front 3 meters, power on 0.12μT, normal viewing is 0.14μT, change the station, standby state 0.11μT, from the test results compared to traditional TV, plasma radiation intensity to be a little smaller.
And rear projection TV, normal viewing, close to the front of the body 0.12μT, side 0.19μT, behind 0.14μT; front half a meter at 0.11μT; front 3 meters at 0.1μT.
In the TV series the most reassuring is the LCD TV, whether it is the front half a meter or the front of the 3-meter range, the moment of power on, normal viewing, change the station, Standby state test results are 0.1μT, while the side is also only 0.11μT, basically no change in radiation intensity.
Test results: After comparing the three types of TV, it is not difficult to find that LCD TVs, rear projection TVs are the smallest radiation, plasma TVs are slightly stronger radiation, CRT TVs are larger, but mainly in the back of the TV, suggesting that it is best to keep a certain distance when watching, especially for children.
2. DVD player and home theater
In recent years, the popular home theater, that is, the DVD player plus sound system, close to the results of the test, the DVD 1.2 μT, OK machine 1.2 μT, amplifier 1.24 μT, small speakers 1.5 μT, 0.49 μT, if the same time to turn on the speaker, the radiation can be not small.
Tips: We recommend that you use the home theater as little as possible, if you want to sing the best or go to the KTV.
CRT monitors, LCD monitors, desktop computers, small speakers, laptops
People have always thought that CRT monitors are more radioactive, in the end, it is not what we think it is? We first tested it, the front of the display is close to 1.00μT, the side of the display is close to 0.55μT, which is not small ah! In the look at the center of the display, the distance of 0.03 meters, the radiation is still 0.55μT, is this CRT display is really as big as we think the radiation? In order to further confirm, we began to look for its safe distance, the results found that the distance of 0.2 meters, in front of the display of radiation attenuation to 0.18μT, it seems that CRT monitors as long as to maintain a distance of 0.2 meters can be used without fear. Some viewers asked if it is the same as CRT TV behind the larger radiation, the test found that it is not large. Some people like to use anti-radiation screen saver, does it work? We also made a special test on it, plus screen protection radiation only 10% reduction, it seems that the role of screen protection is not great.
CRT monitor radiation index: ★★★★★☆☆
Nowadays, LCD monitors are replacing traditional monitors, and we also tested it. 0.11μT at 0.5 meters in front of the display, 0.12μT at the moment of power on, 0.11μT at power off, 0.12μT at 0.5 meters to the side of the display, it seems that LCD monitors are really quite reassuring.
LCD monitor radiation index: ★ ☆☆☆☆
Let's take another look at the host of the desktop computer, the front 0.17μT, but the host operating panel central radiation is slightly stronger, the distance of 0.03 meters, 0.26μT; the host side of the host 0.29μT, the left side of the chassis face the center, the distance of 0.03 meters, 0.23μT. 0.46μT behind, but we generally There is a certain distance from the back of the mainframe, so the impact is not significant. There is a moment of power on, standby state are 0.17μT. Another thing to say is that the desktop computer power wiring if then connected to the state of radiation is 0.47μT, so then use desktop computers should be kept at a distance.
The radiation index of the desktop computer's mainframe: ★★★★☆☆
However, the next test is not very optimistic, the subwoofer speakers, the center of the operating panel, the distance of 0.03 meters, 0.63 μT; the right side of the center of the surface of the speakers, the distance of 0.03 meters, 5.68 μT; the radiation is not small, so how far is the safety distance? After careful testing found that when the distance of 0.4 meters, its radiation is reduced to 0.17μT. So the subwoofer speaker radiation is serious, use at least half a meter distance.
Subwoofer speakers radiation index: ★★★★☆
The last thing to say is that the laptop, 0.1 meters in front of the display 0.13 μT, 0.3 meters in front of the display 0.10 μT, the display side of the 0.3 meters 0.13 μT, 0.19 μT above the keyboard, the power adapter 0.22 μT. The test results show that the laptop keyboard radiation is a little stronger, the power adapter maximum. The power adapter is the largest.
Notebook radiation index: ★ ☆☆☆☆
Tips: LCD radiation is very small, CRT monitors slightly larger, but are in the safe range; host behind, side radiation is larger, we strongly recommend that you do not in order to dissipate the heat convenience, open the chassis to use; the subwoofer speaker radiation is serious, use at least keep half a meter distance; laptop radiation is concentrated in the upper part of the keyboard, the use of the power adapter should be with the power adapter, the power adapter is the largest. The newest addition to the U.S. market is the U.S.-based U.S. Windows Vista, which is the first of its kind in the world.
Hey, by the way, the light said that this computer and laptop radiation is not big, but the photoelectric mouse a moment of red a moment of blue is quite scary, there is radiation? That wireless mouse, wireless keyboard is not radiation is smaller than ordinary? There are also wireless LAN transmitters!
Ordinary mouse: 0.1μT
Ordinary keyboard: 0.11μT
Wireless mouse: 0.53μT (above the mouse)
Wireless keyboard: 0.96μT (above the keyboard)
Wireless gateway: 0.15μT (above the gateway)
And the printer: 0.11μT
Power adapter for digital cameras : 0.11μT
Power adapter for MP4 : 0.16μT
Radiation index for regular mouse, regular keyboard, wireless gateway, power adapter for printers, digital cameras, and MP4: ★☆☆☆☆;
Radiation index for wireless mouse and wireless keyboard: ★★★★★★☆☆
Tips: Ordinary keyboards, mice, and wireless gateways, printers, digital cameras and MP4 power radiation is not large, can be used without fear. But the wireless keyboard, wireless mouse radiation.
3. Cooling and heating appliances, electric blankets
Air conditioning is the longest used in the bedroom, the largest power, it is reassuring that the moment of switching on and off, the normal use of its radiation is only 0.1 μT, in the mute, sleep, and other various modes of radiation value changes are also small.
In winter, some families like to use small electric heaters, heaters and other heating appliances, but their radiation is not small, first look at the infrared heater, the results of the test at a distance of 1mm: above the radiation is 1.8μT, side 5.4μT, the intensity of the radiation is very large, and we have done a test outside of the 1m, the radiation was cut to 0.14μT. Heater tightly attached test results are 9.3μT, the radiation value in various modes, including silent, sleep, etc. also changes little.
When the electric blanket is used in high grade, it is 0.71μT near the power supply, 1.15μT on the left side of the power supply, 0.71μT on the right side of the power supply, and 0.55μT in the center part of the electric blanket; when it is used in low grade, it is 0.70μT on the left side of the power supply and 0.49μT on the right side of the power supply, and it seems that the radiation of the electric blanket is not small.
Another big source of radiation in the bedroom is the fan, 2.6μT at low wind, 0.9μT at high wind; however, 2m away, the radiation is attenuated to 0.11μT.
Tips: air-conditioning radiation is relatively small, can be used with peace of mind, but infrared tube heater, heater, fan radiation is greater, and it is recommended that you use at least one meter away. Electric blanket radiation is also larger, it is recommended to use less.
Humidifiers, air purifiers
In our tests, we found that this fan humidifier radiation is the largest, close to the results of its test is 49 μT, 15 μT when used in low-grade, high-grade use of 32 μT, but outside of the 1m cut to 0.52 μT. The ultrasonic spray humidifier tested close to it was 9μT, and 1m away was 0.22μT. The air purifier tested close to it was 0.35μT, and 0.5m away was cut to 0.12μT.
Tips: Humidifiers and air purifiers should not be too close to the human body.
Humidifier radiation index: ★★★★★
Air purifier radiation index: ★★★★☆☆
Induction cooker electric hot pot microwave oven
Like to use the induction cooker to eat hot pot people should pay attention to it, it's not a small amount of radiation, look at the results of the test, induction cooker above the 0.1m 2.80μT, induction cooker above the 0.3m 1.40μT
Then we first did the test on the microwave oven that we are most concerned about, and found that the microwave oven radiation is the biggest in the doorway, so we did a detailed test:
Medium-range fire: 0.03 meters in front of the doorway 17.32μW/㎝2,
0.3 meters in front of the doorway 2.01μW/㎝2
1 meter in front of the doorway 0.41μW/㎝2
Microwave oven is the best choice to use. p>
Center of microwave oven door: 150.7μW/㎝2 at 1m from the door
The test result shows that the radiation is the highest when the microwave oven is started (value (0.05m from the door) is around 18 to 22μW/㎝2,).
Tips: induction cooker radiation is large, electric hot pot is relatively small, it is recommended to use the induction cooker, electric hot pot time is not too long, use also to maintain a certain distance. Microwave ovens start the largest radiation, it is recommended that you do not get too close when cooking with a microwave oven.
Radiation Index: ★★★★★★★
Refrigerator Range Hood Ozone Sterilizer Ozone Machine Rice Cooker Electric Cake Pan Electric Kettle Juice Extractor Soybean Milk Maker
Refrigerator: Outside the Door 0.13μT Inside the Door (Open Door) 0.16μT
Range Hood: In front of the front 0.1 meters under the on state 0.38μT, in front of the front 0.1 meters off instantly 0.11μT
Ozone sterilizer: open door 0.14μT
Ozone machine: (open lid) 0.55μT
Rice cooker: (in front) 0.16μT
Pancake pan: (tightly above) 3.60μT
Electric kettle: (tightly above) 1.20μT; (0.1m) 0.30μT<
Juice Extractor: 10.00μT
Soymilk Machine: (close by) 0.86μT; (0.1m) 0.30μT
Tips: Refrigerator, ozone sterilizer, rice cooker radiation can be assured that the use of smaller; electric pie pan, range hood radiation is slightly larger, belonging to the warning range, pay attention to the use of do not stick too close to the; ozone machine, soya bean milk machine, juice extractor Radiation are larger, it is best not to let children use.
Vacuum cleaners, irons, hair dryers, power terminals
We tested this large vacuum cleaner before, the radiation under normal use is 15μT, but it is not small ah; now also popular with this small handheld vacuum cleaner, how much radiation is it? We also did a test, the handle at a distance of 0.03 meters: 6.64 μT; the left side of the face of the center: 4.22 μT; however, if you use this, its radiation can be attenuated to the safe range, the back of the 0.2 meters: 0.15 μT.
Big vacuum cleaner radiation index: ★★★★★
Small vacuum cleaner radiation index: ★★★★ ☆
Iron is also quite a bit of radiation.
The radiation index of the iron: ★★★★☆
Hairdryer is also a big source of radiation we found, before the test, low-grade 4.20 μT, high-grade 10.00 μT; and after the hot air stalls, the hair dryer in different parts of the detailed test, the handle of the 0.03 meters, 10.95 μT; outlet, 7.16 μT, it seems that the hair dryer also really It seems that the hair dryer is really to be used less ah.
The radiation index of the hair dryer: ★★★★★
Another point to remind you is that the power supply terminal board, if no electrical equipment is connected, the distance of 0.03 meters, its radiation is only 0.11μT, not big; but in the high power electrical equipment is connected, the distance of 0.03 meters, its radiation can be 1.25μT. This can cause you to pay attention to it.
The radiation index of the power supply terminal board (in use): ★★★★☆
Text: Vacuum cleaners and hairdryers have a high radiation level, and irons have a high radiation level, so they should be used far away from children, and the radiation of the power supply terminal board should be noticed, and should not be placed at the head of the bed.
Electric footbath, treadmill, fat exercise machine
This is now a popular electric footbath, let's see how much radiation it is? 0.03 meters from the power line, 2.20μT.
The radiation index of the electric footbath: ★★★★★☆☆
There are also people who like to exercise at home, how much radiation does this treadmill emit? Treadmill working condition, 0.15μT at the panel, the front of the conveyor belt 3.90μT, the end of the conveyor belt 0.11μT.
Treadmill radiation index: ★★★★☆☆☆☆
Ladies love beauty, always like to slim down, let's see how much radiation fat exercise machine? Fat exercise machine, side, high speed gear, at 0.03 meters, 5.48μT.
Radiation index of fat exercise machine: ★★★★★
Tips: electric footbath radiation, fat exercise machine radiation are larger, treadmill conveyor belt in front of the larger radiation.
What spectrum meter and so on is not radiation is not small ah?
In fact, as long as the infrared are no longer in the scope of our tests, and it produces is not electromagnetic radiation. So yes, you can rest assured that you do not have to worry.
4. lamps
Starting with the lamp, this is the master bedroom lamp, its radiation value is 0.17μT, which is the use of children's energy-saving eye lamps, its radiation value is 0.11μT, the study is the use of old-fashioned lamps, its radiation is 0.1μT.
The results of the test of fluorescent lamps: master bedroom 0.12μT, living room 0.18μT, the study 0.18μT, the lamp is 0.12μT, the lamp is 0.12μT, the lamp is 0.12μT, the lamp is 0.18μT, the lamp is 0.12μT, the lamp is 0.18μT, the lamp is 0.18μT.
The fluorescent lamp test results were: master bedroom 0.12μT, living room 0.18μT, study room 0.11μT. There are also children's favorite cartoon wall lamps, its radiation value is 0.11μT.
Tips: all kinds of lamps and lanterns radiation are qualified, you can rest assured that the use of.
There is no need to spend any money to avoid it. One of the most effective ways is to keep a distance, and it must be a safe distance of more than 3 meters.
That if the family should be rationalized, because experts recommend that it is best not to wear protective clothing, the human body itself is a large conductor, wearing it can only be shielded from radiation into the human body, and now there is no clear standard for the material of the protective clothing, the price is also uneven, so it is recommended that you do not gullibly protect the role of clothing.
[edit]Maintaining your body
I. Facial protection
Although the Internet is not a major enemy,
but the powerful electromagnetic radiation should still do enough facial work.
Screen radiation produces static electricity, the most easy to attract dust, long face to face, more likely to lead to spots and wrinkles. Therefore, before surfing the Internet, you may want to apply skin lotion with a layer of light powder to slightly increase the skin resistance.
2. Thoroughly clean the skin
After the end of the Internet, the first task is to clean the skin, with warm water plus cleansing liquid thoroughly clean the face, the electrostatic adsorption of dust and dirt washed away, coated with a mild skin care products. Long time can reduce the harm, moisturize the skin. This is a great way for women to get on the Internet.
3. Maintenance of bright eyes
If you do not want to see people the next day when the eyes red, black circles plus face haggard, do not long continuous combat, especially do not stay up late to the Internet. Usually prepare a bottle of eye drops in case of emergency. After surfing the Internet, apply a cucumber slice, potato slice or frozen milk, herbal tea is also good. Its method: the cucumber or potato slices, dress in both eyelids, close your eyes for a few minutes; or frozen milk herbal tea with gauze soaked eyes, can relieve eye fatigue, nutritional skin around the eyes.
4. Increase nutrition
It is important to increase nutrition for people who often surf the Internet. Vitamin B complex is very beneficial to brain workers, if you sleep late, the quality of sleep is not good, you should eat more animal liver, fresh fruits and vegetables, they are rich in vitamin B; meat, fish, dairy products to increase memory; chocolate, wheat flour circle, seafood, dried fruit can enhance the coordination of the nervous system, is the best snacks when surfing the Internet. In addition, from time to time, drink some wolfberry juice and carrot juice, on the eyes, skin care efficacy is remarkable. If you care about your appearance, hurry to abandon those carbonated drinks, and instead drink carrot juice or other fresh fruit juice.
5. often do gymnastics
Long time online, you may feel dizzy, stiff fingers, back pain, and even lower limb edema, varicose veins. Therefore, usually do gymnastics to maintain vigorous energy, such as lying flat on the bed before going to bed, the whole body relaxation, head tilted on the edge of the bed below, alleviate the lack of blood supply and oxygenation of the brain after the brain; cushion feet, lie flat on the bed or sofa to reduce foot edema, and help the blood return to prevent varicose veins of the lower extremities; in the process of surfing the Internet from time to time to stretch, stretching or leaning back in the chair, the hands force back, to stretch nervous and tired lumbar, and the back of the chair. to stretch the tense and tired lumbar muscles; do finger shaking exercise, which is the easiest way to completely relax the fingers. Remember, this type of gymnastics is not a lot of exercise, but far more effective than a nap.
II. Eye problems
Long-term computer work, not only feel sore eyes, and sometimes feel blurred eyes, see things unclear, this is the eyes of excessive consumption due to the eye skin problems is the dark circles, eye fine lines increase, there are bags under the eyes, these problems are really a big headache, so how do we prevent and solve these problems of the eyes?
Eye care, more massage in the eye can improve blood circulation, to eliminate dark circles can help, but do not use excessive force, otherwise it will make the eye muscles sagging, the use of chamomile, green tea, cucumber components of the eye gel, use eye film once a week.
Eye bags are indeed detrimental to the appearance, once formed, it is difficult to eliminate, long-term computer work will make the eyes overly fatigue, blood vessel expansion of the eye muscle swelling, you can close your eyes with a cotton pad dipped in frozen aloe vera juice in the eyes, lying down for a few minutes, can improve the swelling phenomenon. This swelling phenomenon should not be ignored, and finally accumulated into a serious eye bags, you have to have surgery to solve the problem.
Long-term eye strain, fine lines quickly climbed on the eye, can be daily role tightening water (eye special). With cotton dipped full of products on the eyes, you can also use the eye film, a post a day, you can quickly eliminate fine lines, if the fine lines into coarse, deep wrinkles, it is too difficult to maintain, so pay attention to the eye fine wrinkles, do not let it aggravate yo!
You can An screensaver, or wipe some more isolation cream before using the computer! This can reduce the radiation!
If your monitor is newer, it should support a refresh rate of 85Hz, so that the image displayed will not flash, jittery, or unclear, and in general this setup is fine; if it's older, it may only support up to 75Hz, and it may be possible to get a slightly better result at 70Hz than at 75Hz, which is key to the quality of your monitor.
The resolution is usually 1024*768, the recommended value for a 17" monitor. If you are doing text work and your eyesight is not so good, you can adjust it to 800*600; if you are doing Cad charts, you still need 1024*768 to be the best, and set the taskbar to auto-hide.
You can adjust the refresh rate of the monitor to the aforementioned values, and watch carefully, you will see the effect of the display is not the same, maybe not a big difference, which has something to do with your own eyes, some people are more sensitive to the flicker of light, some people do not have a sense of it.
In addition: 1. It is recommended to drink more green tea, which can reduce the radiation hazard of the monitor.