Medical social work mainly includes hospital social work, public health social work and mental health social work. The following is the main content of medical social work I have compiled. Welcome to browse.
Main contents of medical social work 1 1. contents of hospital social work:
1, the definition of hospital social work:
Hospital social work is one of the important components of medical social work, which refers to the implementation of social work in general hospitals, children's hospitals, chronic hospitals and some specialized hospitals. Hospital social work is also called hospital social practice or clinical social work. Its main purpose is to solve the economic, social and emotional difficulties related to patients and their families.
2. Modern holistic medical model:
(1) the definition of modern holistic medical model;
(2) The service concept of modern holistic medical model:
1 service concept of modern holistic medical model: first, the service scope is expanded; Second, the number of customers has increased; The third is the integration of service forms; Fourth, the service means are diverse (heavy); Fifth, the service level is diverse (heavy).
2. Modern holistic medical model adapts to patients' needs: first, the diversification of demand content; Second, the diversification of demand levels; Third, the improvement of medical quality and efficiency; The fourth is the enhancement of emotional needs.
3, the main content of hospital social work:
(1) Viewing the content of hospital social work from the hospital's point of view: (multiple choices)
1 Adjust patients' psychology and cooperate with hospital treatment;
2. Improve the doctor-patient relationship and reduce medical disputes;
3 provide patient information and assist doctors in diagnosis and treatment;
4. Arrange transfer or discharge; (heavy)
5. Outreach services; (heavy)
Social medical care refers to providing family-style care for elderly patients and patients recovering from illness in the community;
7. Training and counseling medical staff to improve their service attitude and quality;
To provide information and convenient conditions for medical teaching and research;
Establish a good image for the hospital and build a harmonious citizen relationship.
(2) Viewing the content of hospital social work from the patient's point of view: (multiple choices)
Psychosocial assessment and intervention for patients: Psychosocial assessment and intervention for patients is the most basic content of medical social work. By identifying some problems and solutions related to specific medical conditions, social workers, together with patients and their families, make a psychosocial assessment of patients and formulate specific intervention plans to help patients and their families adapt to realistic requirements. In the evaluation process, medical social workers can intervene in time for newly discovered problems.
2 provide crisis intervention: some patients may have a crisis after admission, such as being diagnosed with cancer, AIDS, or leaving serious sequelae after being injured in a car accident. For these patients and their families, it is necessary to provide help through crisis intervention. Crisis intervention can bring hope to patients and their families, provide information, provide emotional support, help set achievable goals, find positive results and find the meaning of life.
3 Alleviate the emotions of patients and their families: According to the viewpoint of medical sociology, there are three main types of patients seeking medical treatment:
One is active seeking medical treatment, that is, individuals feel unwell and consciously make a decision to seek medical treatment;
The second is passive medical treatment, that is, the patient's parents, family members or others make a decision to seek medical treatment;
The third type is compulsory medical treatment, that is, although you don't want to see a doctor, it is harmful to your health or the health of others in society and you are forced to make a decision.
Help patients apply for public assistance: Social workers can provide patients with various financial assistance through medical insurance, social donation and medical compensation. (multiple choice)
Providing hospice care for terminally ill patients: Many terminally ill patients have passed the last stage of their lives. As medical social workers, their responsibility is to make terminally ill patients "live to the end and live to the best".
Grief consultation: refers to the consultation activities for the family members of patients who have fallen into grief due to unfortunate events such as the death of their loved ones.
(3) Look at the content of hospital social work from the perspective of doctor-patient relationship:
The core of solving the contradiction between doctors and patients is effective communication between doctors and patients.
1 Handle the doctor-patient relationship as a mediator;
2. Build a bridge between doctors and patients;
In order to improve the relationship between doctors and patients, medical service can become a bridge of communication between doctors and patients. Its contents include: first, promoting information exchange between doctors and patients; The second is to ensure smooth communication channels between doctors and patients; Third, create a good communication environment between doctors and patients; The fourth is to form a civilized and friendly way of communication between doctors and patients.
Two. Contents of public health social work:
1, the definition of public health social work:
Public health social work is one of the important components of medical social work, which refers to the implementation of social work related to health administrative departments at all levels and public health facilities (hospitals and equipment, houses, land, vehicles, etc.). The purpose of medical social work professionals participating in health management is to realize the ideal of integration of health, education and welfare.
2. Public health service system:
(1) Definition of public health:
Public health refers to organizing the society to make joint efforts to improve environmental sanitation conditions, prevent and control the epidemic of infectious diseases and other diseases, cultivate good health habits and civilized lifestyles, and provide relevant medical services, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing diseases and promoting people's health.
In the agreement between WTO and public health, public health is divided into eight categories: the first category, the control of infectious diseases; The second category, food safety; The third category, tobacco control; The fourth category, drugs and availability; The fifth category, environmental sanitation; Sixth, health education and publicity; The seventh category, food security and nutrition; The eighth category, health services.
(2) Public health service system:
Public health has a very broad connotation and extension, and a complete public health system includes public health service system, medical security system and health law enforcement supervision system. (multiple choice)
3, the main contents of public health social work:
(1) Health care publicity: (main) (rear)
Promoting health care to the public is an important part of public health social work, and its focus is on disease prevention and improving the overall level of public health.
(2) to formulate and implement the public health education and training plan:
Public health education and training programs involve the public health system itself and the public.
(3) developing community services:
Community health service is an important part of community construction. It refers to the primary health service that integrates prevention, medical treatment, health care, rehabilitation, health education and family planning technical guidance under the guidance of government leadership, community participation and higher-level health institutions, with primary health institutions as the main body (single choice) and general practitioners as the backbone, making rational use of community resources to meet the basic health service needs of community residents. Community health service is a family-based, community-based and demand-oriented service, focusing on helping vulnerable groups such as women, children, the elderly, patients with chronic diseases and the disabled.
(4) Counseling and help for personal and family problems:
In daily work, social workers can also provide necessary public health services for individuals or families, such as establishing health records of community residents, and keeping abreast of the characteristics and needs of vulnerable groups such as women, children, the elderly, the disabled and patients with chronic diseases. The main information of community residents' health records includes: basic information of residents, main health problems and health service records.
(five) to prevent the epidemic of infectious diseases and promote the healthy and orderly development of society;
Infectious diseases are divided into four levels according to the severity program: general (level IV), major (level III), major (level II) and particularly major (level I), and the early warning is blue, yellow, orange and red, which respectively represent level IV, III, II and I emergency response.
Three, the content of mental health social work:
1, the definition of mental health social work:
Mental health social work is one of the important components of medical social work, which refers to social work services carried out by social workers in the prevention and treatment of mental illness and mental health. Mental health social work, also known as psychopathological social work or mental health social work, is a comprehensive professional practice that spans social work and mental health.
2, the definition of mental health:
(1) The World Health Organization (WTO) summarized the connotation of mental health;
Mental health is a positive emotion and emotion, including self-confidence and control personality characteristics, the ability to cope with difficult situations and the ability to deal with life pressure. According to this view, we can understand that mental health is a person's positive attitude towards life, and he has the courage to overcome difficulties and solve problems when facing difficulties.
(2) China scholars' summary of mental health:
Mental health is not only the absence of mental disorders, but also a healthy state. In this state, everyone can give full play to their potential, cope with the normal pressure of life, work effectively and make contributions to their community. It is the realization of the balanced relationship between people's inner world and external objective environment, and the maintenance of good interpersonal relationship between self and others, that is, it can not only ensure self's stability and peace of mind, but also realize self and have the ability to make contributions and services to the health of others.
3, the main content of mental health social work:
(1) Collection and analysis of data of patients with mental illness;
(2) Psychotherapy for patients with mental illness;
(3) Social return of patients with mental rehabilitation;
(4) psychological counseling for the families of patients with mental illness; (heavy)
(5) mental health planning and publicity;
(6) Promoting community mental health.
The main contents of medical social work are 2 1 and social work in the field of public health.
Main contents: Emphasize the intervention of primary prevention, reduce the occurrence of disability and institutional care, and ensure the health of all people.
Roles: direct server, researcher, consultant, manager, project planner, evaluator and decision maker.
2, medical institutions and social work in the field of disease treatment
1) Chronic diseases and long-term care
Basic needs: understanding and adapting to diseases; Psychological and emotional support, family support network establishment, discharge care; Palliative care and hospice care; Dealing with psychological and emotional problems
Services: medical adaptation, disease cognition, psychological and emotional support, family support network, and discharge nursing.
2) Social work in emergency room
Necessity: psychological crisis intervention of patients and their families, the needs of medical teams and their members, and the needs of emergency management.
Roles and functions: supporter of patients and their families, helper of medical staff, coordinator of emergency management.
3) Medical social work for women and children
Obstetrics and Gynecology: main problems (disease adaptation, psychological adjustment, economic problems, emotional problems, family problems); Service content (help to understand the treatment plan, ease the mood of patients and their families, transfer patients or volunteers, provide support through patient groups, and help reduce medical expenses)
Children: patients (physical and psychological problems); Caregiver (psychological reaction such as high anxiety); Service content (help children adapt to the hospital environment and treatment process, and help caregivers deal with emotional distress)
4) Social work in tumor treatment, rehabilitation and palliative care.
Palliative care is different from hospice care, which requires multidisciplinary teams.
Main contents: economic resources assistance, emotional and psychological consultation, communication and coordination between doctors and patients, social welfare consultation, discharge resettlement plan, and family grief psychological consultation.
3. Social work in the field of mental health
1) comprehensive prevention and treatment of psychosomatic diseases
Help patients improve their self-esteem, encourage patients with psychosomatic diseases to learn new ways, help them re-adapt to society and strengthen health education.
2) the role and content of social workers
Micro (diagnosis, consultant, educator, advocate, recommender, contact person and coordinator); Macro (managers, extension workers and researchers)
Main contents: mental rehabilitation of inpatients, families of mental patients and communities.
Social work in the field of population and family planning
main content
Premarital counseling, pregnancy counseling, contraception counseling, unplanned pregnancy counseling, abortion counseling, infertility counseling.
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