The speed of a ship or plane.
From the speed point of view, because you can sail completely out of the water or the ground, the resistance you need to overcome is only 1/800 of water. Therefore, the speed of large-scale WIG aircraft can reach 500 ~ 700 km/h, which is close to that of ordinary aircraft and 10 ~ 15 times faster than that of ordinary ships and 3 ~ 5 times faster than that of most high-speed ships. The speed of ordinary ships is generally about 30 knots, hovercraft is 40 ~ 140 knots, and WIG aircraft 100 ~ 320 knots.
load capacity
From the point of view of load capacity, because of the ground effect, the flight lift is greatly improved, so its lift-drag ratio can reach 20 ~ 25, which has a larger load capacity than ordinary aircraft. The maximum payload of WIG aircraft can reach 50% of its own weight, while that of the famous Boeing 747 aircraft is only 20%. 1, good maneuverability, direct assault landing.
The good maneuverability of WIG aircraft is reflected in its versatility and amphibious nature. The speed of WIG aircraft is 10- 15 times faster than that of ordinary ships and 3-5 times faster than that of most high-speed ships. Because it is not in direct contact with the water surface during cruising flight, the resistance is greatly reduced and the maneuverability is improved during sailing. The flying height and speed can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs, and the landing craft and hovercraft can successfully cross the vertical obstacles specially set up, and are not limited by sea areas, coasts and complex terrain, which better solves the problem that ordinary drainage landing craft has high requirements on landing site conditions and cannot directly transport landing soldiers to land; Solve the problem that landing soldiers need to move and disperse near the shore, wade across the beach on foot and form an attack battle formation, which is easy to cause heavy casualties.
Landing soldiers, equipped with ground effect aircraft, can go beyond the transfer area of conventional landing operations from the other side's fire range at any place, time and relatively complex terrain conditions, ignore various obstacles in the water and on the ground, rush to the enemy line at high speed, and directly land and attack the enemy shore. For example, the Russian "Oran" WIG aircraft has a cruising speed of 450-550 km/h, and can take off and land in sea conditions with a wave height of 3.2- 1.5 m, transporting 400-850 soldiers and several tanks.
2. Good concealment and strong penetration.
The WIG aircraft combines the advantages of ships and airplanes, and is high-speed, concealed and aggressive. It can not only fly at high speed, but also make effective use of radar blind spots, making it difficult for the other side to find footprints. It can not only maneuver in the water, attack from the water surface and water, but also fly close to the sea surface and carry out precise strikes. This unique advantage and powerful penetration ability are far from being compared with ordinary combat ships and aircraft. Because of its small size, flexible operation and good maneuverability, it is not easy to be discovered by the enemy. Before landing operations, the WIG aircraft can carry reconnaissance, attack and special forces, and use the bad weather to maneuver secretly to complete various tactical tasks.
3. Large bearing capacity and high guarantee efficiency.
Compared with ordinary aircraft, the weight of WIG aircraft is staggering, thus filling the blank of sea and air transport. The WIG aircraft can quickly transport 100 to 1000 soldiers and several tanks at a time, which makes a landing craft far behind. Take the ground effect aircraft carrier being developed in the United States as an example. It is the size of a destroyer and can carry 405 tons of cargo. It can carry 400 soldiers, 16 helicopter, dozens of cars and artillery at a time. The full-load cruising radius is about 6350 km, and the maximum cruising speed is 470 km/h. Because of the special performance of WIG aircraft, it has the characteristics of free entry and exit and fast loading of materials without port and dock. Moreover, because of its wide deck, heavy load and high transportation efficiency, it can not only complete amphibious tasks, but also give full play to its advantages, and can be used for the front and rear transportation of various combat materials and personnel for rapid support. Equipped with a special reconnaissance unit, sneak into the vicinity of the enemy obstacle area in the dark night and bad weather, scout and destroy the enemy's coastal defense deployment, and guide the target to carry out air strikes.
4, engineers into the water, remove obstacles.
Because of its high speed and heavy load, WIG aircraft fully meets the requirements of modern landing operations and the development trend of future vehicles. The load capacity of the famous Boeing 747 aircraft is only 20% of its own weight, while the load capacity of the WIG aircraft can reach 50% of its own weight. The WIG aircraft can carry a large number of anti-mine systems and engineering units, which can not only clear obstacles in the water, but also cross mine obstacle areas and directly enter the water beach obstacle areas to open access.
When sailing in water, the pressure on water is small, and it will not be damaged by obstacles with less explosive force such as acoustic thunder, hydraulic thunder, magnetic thunder and anchor thunder. It has the characteristics of super draft, fast still water speed, small underwater physical field and insensitivity to underwater explosion. Even if the mine explodes, the damage degree of the WIG aircraft will be much smaller than that of other drainage vessels because of its decompression and explosion-proof function, so it can enter the complex minefield to clear all kinds of obstacles in the water.
5. High cruising speed and fast attack.
The speed of ordinary ships is generally about 30 knots, hovercraft is 40- 140 knots, and WIG aircraft is as high as 100-320 knots. When flying completely out of the water, the speed can be comparable to that of a helicopter. The "Ekranoplan" WIG aircraft equipped by the Russian army is equipped with a 10 engine, with a cruising altitude of 10 meters and a speed of 400 kilometers per hour. It can fly with 500 soldiers at low altitude, glide on water, cross sand dunes, swamps and other tasks, such as searching for submarines and transport equipment, and can attack several Qian Qian meters.
6. Good seaworthiness and multi-purpose landing operation.
In the future, WIG aircraft will comprehensively use various stealth technologies to reduce the physical signal characteristics such as radar, infrared, sound, light and electromagnetism, and apply more advanced integrated electric superconducting propulsion system to eliminate noise and reduce infrared radiation, thus greatly improving the stealth ability, rapid maneuverability and penetration ability of WIG aircraft; Equip air, sea and ground weapons and equipment to carry out dynamic strikes; It has many functions such as docking, retrogression, vertical take-off and landing. Armed with missiles, it can carry out all-round rapid attacks. Because of the above characteristics, WIG aircraft will be widely used for landing, landing, transportation and replenishment, anti-ship operations, anti-submarine warfare, mine clearance and reconnaissance patrol in future wars. It can not only take off and land on the water, but also fly stably on the water below the wave height 1.5 meters, fly over general ground traffic obstacles, and cross deserts, swamps, rivers and snow. It can fly over the sea, rivers and lakes, slide on the water and fly at low altitude on the ground, ice or snow. WIG aircraft can be used for dry sea rescue, which can respond quickly, arrive at the scene of the accident in time, and land on the water to save people. The "Lifeguard" sea rescue ground effect aircraft under construction in Russia is equipped with a complete set of medical equipment, such as operating room, rehabilitation room and burn center. It can be equipped with 150 beds, which can carry 500 lightly wounded people and 700-800 people waiting for rescue. In addition, WIG aircraft can also be used for maritime search and anti-submarine warfare, and the search efficiency far exceeds that of any other maritime aircraft.