A, taking radionuclides as markers
B, is a quantitative detection technology.
C, mainly used for antigen detection.
D, the radiation intensity in the formed immune complex is directly proportional to the antigen content to be detected.
E standard tubes are required for quantitative analysis at the same time.
Correct answer: D.
Answer analysis: the radiation intensity of RIA immune complex represents the binding amount of labeled antigen and antibody, which is inversely proportional to the content of antigen to be detected.
27, the essence of immunoelectrophoresis technology is
1. Gel diffusion test under DC electric field
Protein electrophoresis
C, antigen-antibody precipitation reaction
D, under the action of electric field, the charges of antigen and antibody are opposite, and the precipitation speed is accelerated.
E, accelerating the agglutination reaction of antigen and antibody in gel.
Correct answer: a
Answer analysis: the essence of immunoelectrophoresis technology is the gel swelling test of antigen and antibody under the action of DC electric field, or the accelerated precipitation reaction of antigen and antibody in gel.
28. The principle of nephelometry is correct.
A. Using the principle that incident light is absorbed after passing through the compound.
B, the absorption of light is directly proportional to the content of the measured object.
C, the incident light is reflected after passing through the granular compound.
D, the incident light is scattered after passing through the granular compound.
E the intensity of scattered light is inversely proportional to the content of the compound.
Correct answer: D.
Answer analysis: the immune rate nephelometry is based on the scattering of incident light passing through granular compounds, and the intensity of scattered light is directly proportional to the content of the compounds.
29, double diffusion test, if the amount of antibody is large, the reaction precipitation line.
A, near the antigen hole
B, close to the antibody hole
C, between two holes
D, don't show up
E, multiple precipitation lines.
Correct answer: a
Answer analysis: In the double diffusion test, both antigen and antibody diffuse in concentric circles, forming a precipitation line where the ratio of the two is appropriate. If the amount of antibody is large, the precipitation line is close to the antigen hole.
30. Combs test cannot be used for diagnosis.
First, neonatal hemolysis
B, iron deficiency anemia
C, autoimmune hemolysis
D. detection of maternal Rh(D) antibody.
E, hemolysis caused by drugs
Correct answer: b
Answer analysis: Coombs test is mainly used to detect incomplete antibodies against red blood cells, which can cause hemolysis after binding with red blood cells. Option b has nothing to do with this, so it is the best answer.
3 1, the carrier used in traditional latex agglutination test is
First, polystyrene latex
B, gelatin particles
C. activated carbon
D, latex particles
E, aldehyde red blood cells
Correct answer: a
Answer analysis: the alternative answers to this question are all commonly used carriers in indirect agglutination test, but the carrier particles used in traditional latex agglutination test are polystyrene latex.
32, belongs to the soluble antigen is
I. IgA
B. umbrella
flagellum
capsule
SRBC
Correct answer: a
Answer analysis: soluble antigen refers to the anti-thickening in the dissolved state. Only IgA is a dissolved substance and a macromolecular protein, which can be used as an antigen substance.
33, the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis is the most need to check the biochemical indicators.
First, blood amylase
amylase in urine
Blood and urine amylase
Serum potassium and creatinine
transaminase
Correct answer: a
Answer analysis: both blood amylase and urine amylase are laboratory diagnostic methods for pancreatic diseases. Because urine amylase level fluctuates greatly and rises later than blood amylase, it is better to detect serum amylase.
34, diabetic nephropathy early diagnosis index is
I. Urinary albumin
Blood urea
C, serum creatinine
D, serum uric acid
E, urine protein qualitative test
Correct answer: a
Answer analysis: Although the urine protein qualitative test was negative in the early stage of renal injury, the urine albumin concentration has increased. Other substitutes appear in the late stage of kidney injury.
35, help to judge the severity of liver parenchymal injury index is
Answer, alternative
B, AST
c、c-AST
d、m-AST
e、ALP
Correct answer: D.
Answer analysis: the AST existing in mitochondria is m-AST. When liver parenchyma is seriously damaged, mitochondria can be destroyed and hemorrhagic AST can be released, so m-AST is helpful to judge the severity of liver parenchyma damage.
36, with cytotoxic bilirubin is
Free bilirubin
Conjugated bilirubin
Protein-bound bilirubin
D, is it? Component bilirubin
E, is it? Component bile red cord
Correct answer: C.
Answer analysis: Free bilirubin in blood that is not bound to albumin or glucuronic acid is called protein unbound bilirubin. This bilirubin is fat-soluble and can cross the cell membrane freely. So as to have toxic effects on cells.
37. After the BNP test sample is collected.
First, check the ice bath immediately.
B, waiting for elm at room temperature
C, keep the temperature at 37℃ for inspection.
D, -20℃ can be stored for half a year.
E, -70℃ can be stored for a long time.
Correct answer: a
Answer analysis: BNP will degrade 10% ~ 20% after being stored at 25℃ for one hour in vitro, and its stability is poor, so BNP samples should be collected immediately in an ice bath.
38, used to distinguish between skeletal muscle injury and myocardial injury index is
a、CK-MB
CK
c、CK-MB/CK
d、LD
E. ACP Group
Correct answer: C.
Answer analysis: CK-MB is not completely specific to myocardium, but also exists in a small amount in iliac muscle. In acute skeletal muscle injury, CK-MB temporarily rises, but CK-MB/CK is often less than 6%, which can be distinguished from myocardial injury.
39, about CK-MB narrative error is
A, the performance of diagnosing AMI is better than AST.
B, it is a sensitive and accurate standard to judge whether there is recanalization in thrombolytic therapy.
C, hemolytic samples interfere with the test results
D, which can be used to judge AMl reinfarction.
E, can not be used for early diagnosis of AMl.
Correct answer: b
Answer analysis: Mb is a sensitive and accurate standard to judge whether there is reperfusion in thrombolytic therapy.
40, progressive muscular dystrophy patients with significantly increased serum enzymes are
a、LDH
b、ALP
CK
D. ACP group
e、AST
Correct answer: C.
Answer analysis: because CK is rich in skeletal muscle cells, the serum CK enzyme in patients with progressive muscular dystrophy is significantly increased.
4 1, serum iron in
I. Aplastic anemia
B, iron deficiency anemia
C, malignant tumor
D, acute infection
E, chronic infection
Correct answer: a
Answer analysis: the increase of serum iron is seen in hemolytic anemia caused by the destruction of a large number of red blood cells and aplastic anemia caused by the obstacle of red blood cell regeneration and maturity. Other choices often lead to a decrease in serum iron.
42. Elevated serum calcium
I. Primary hyperparathyroidism
Vitamin d deficiency
C, hypoparathyroidism
D, uremia
E, severe liver disease
Correct answer: a
Answer analysis: parathyroid hormone can increase blood calcium, and other alternative answers all lead to lower blood calcium.
43, serum iron reduction
A, megaloblastic anemia
B, iron deficiency anemia
C, hemolytic anemia
D, aplastic anemia
E, lead poisoning
Correct answer: b
Answer analysis: Iron is the main component of hemoglobin, and the lack of iron hinders the synthesis of hemoglobin and causes iron deficiency anemia.
44, intracellular body fluids are called
I intercellular fluid
B. intracellular fluid
extracellular fluid
blood plasma
E, interstitial fluid
Correct answer: b
Answer analysis: the body fluid of the human body is divided into two parts by the cell membrane. Body fluids in cells are called intracellular fluids. Extracellular body fluids are called extracellular fluids. The liquid in the blood vessels is called plasma. Body fluids that directly soak cells outside blood vessels are called intercellular fluid or interstitial fluid.
45. The following statement is wrong.
A, urine AMY began to rise about 12 ~ 24 hours after the onset of acute pancreatitis.
B, it is more valuable to measure blood AMY than urine AMY in the late stage of acute pancreatitis.
Serum amylase mainly comes from pancreas and salivary glands.
D, pancreatic amylase is discharged into digestive tract from pancreatic active state.
E. Pancreatic amylase belongs to а-amylase.
Correct answer: b
Answer analysis: serum AMY began to rise at 8 ~ 12 hours after the onset of acute pancreatitis, reached a peak at 12 ~ 24 hours, and fell to normal within 2 ~ 5 days. However, urinary amylase began to increase about 12 ~ 24 hours after onset. Serum amylase returned to normal 3 ~ 4 days after the onset of acute pancreatitis, and urine amylase decreased more slowly than serum amylase, so urine AMY measurement is more valuable in the later stage of acute pancreatitis.
46. The following descriptions about serum CK and its isoenzymes are wrong.
The determination of total activity is more sensitive and specific than that of isoenzyme.
B, serum CK-MB is currently recognized as the most valuable biochemical index for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction.
C at present, CK-MB mass is often used in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
D, the content of CK-MB in serum is very small.
E and CK molecules are dimers composed of two subunits.
Correct answer: a
Answer analysis: Because of different tissue sources, isoenzymes have stronger tissue specificity, so the detection of isoenzymes is more sensitive and specific than the determination of total activity.
47, in the case of inflammation, trauma, myocardial infarction, infection, etc. The concentration of acute phase reactive protein decreased.
Albumin, prealbumin, ceruloplasmin
B, albumin, prealbumin and transferrin
Ceruloplasmin, transferrin and albumin
D, binding globin, albumin and c to react directionally with eggs.
E, C- reactive protein? 1- antitrypsin, C- reactive protein
Correct answer: b
Answer analysis: in the case of inflammation, trauma, myocardial infarction, infection, etc. Albumin, prealbumin and transferrin were the acute reaction proteins with decreased concentration, while other acute reaction proteins increased.
48. The description of plasma cholesterol is wrong.
First, it is something similar to alcohol.
B refers to free cholesterol in plasma.
C is an important part of all cell membranes and subcellular organelles.
D is the only precursor of bile acid.
E is the precursor of all steroid hormones.
Correct answer: b
Answer analysis: plasma cholesterol includes cholesterol esters and free cholesterol.
49, the currently recognized reference method for blood sugar detection is
I hexokinase method
B, glucose oxidase-peroxidase coupling method
C, glucose oxidase oxygen rate method
D. oxidation-reduction method
O-toluidine method
Correct answer: a
50, about urine sugar determination is not correct
A, when evaluating urine glucose, we must consider the cause of renal glucose threshold.
B, mainly used for disease screening and curative effect observation.
C can be used as a diagnostic index.
Positive urine sugar shows that there is too much disposable sugar.
E, people with poor nutritional status may have diabetes when doing glucose tolerance test.