In 1897 (Qing Guangxu 22 years) in March, China's first underground power cables in Shanghai into use, the use of that year, the 2700-meter-long rubber end of the lead-covered sheath of the lighting cable is an imported product. Until forty-two years later (1939) in Kunming (cable plant) to produce the first domestic cable. 1949 years ago, the wire and cable industry only more than 2,000 employees, production equipment, about 500 units, the highest annual copper consumption of only 6,500 tons. Among them, Kunming, Shanghai, Tianjin, Shenyang, four wire factory *** with 5,700 tons of copper, production accounted for 87.7% of the country, the wire and cable industry developed slowly. Until 1949 after the founding of new China, China's wire and cable industry has been rapid development.
After the founding of the Chinese people *** and the country, the wire and cable industry developed rapidly, in 1952 the amount of conductors reached 15,300 tons, 2.63 times before the founding of the country.
"First Five-Year Plan" period of the wire and cable industry began to plan the healthy development of the Ministry of Machinery in 1953 directly under the wire and cable factory in Kunming, Shenyang, Tianjin, Shanghai, Xiangtan and Harbin, six. Shenyang Electric Wire Factory for one of the key national construction projects, expanded by the Soviet Union assistance, completed in 1956 and put into operation renamed Shenyang Cable Factory. Shanghai Wire Factory expanded the *** line workshop, the end of the line workshop and prepare to build cable workshop, in 1957 renamed Shanghai Cable Factory. Tianjin Wire Factory imported the Hungarian wire drawing machine and enameling machine, built a new enameled wire workshop, in 1963 back to the Ministry of Electronics Industry renamed 609 factory.
At the same time, the state of the rapid development of the private wire factory gradually socialist transformation, and the phenomenon of duplication of products, backward technology, poor quality to take rectification measures. Shanghai will be then 105 private factories merged into 18 central factory, Tianjin will be 65 private factories merged into 10 cable factory, Beijing will be 17 factories merged into Beijing Electric Wire Factory, Guangzhou will be 18 factories merged into Guangzhou Electric Wire Factory, Wuhan will be 3 factories merged into Wuhan Electric Wire Factory, Fuzhou will be 10 factories merged into Fuzhou Rubber Electric Wire Factory. Through the merger and reorganization, the level of technology and governance has been improved, and the development of production has been promoted.
In order to solve the wire and cable industry special equipment, the private Shanghai Xinye Iron Works reorganized into a public-private Shanghai Xinye Electric Machinery Factory, to produce cable equipment, 1952-1957 *** production of wire and cable special equipment 221 units.
In order to carry out scientific research, process design, process equipment design of three combinations of scientific research and design work, in October 1957 in Shanghai to set up the Shanghai cable research and design test winter engaged in research and design of wire and cable products, new materials and new technology research, cable plant process design, cable special equipment design and complete sets of equipment selection and finalization of the work and as a Department of the Bureau of the technological back-up and wire and cable industry Intelligence Center.
In order to improve the level of corporate governance, in the study of the Soviet Union on the basis of corporate governance by the Shenyang Cable Factory to prepare a continuous operation of the enterprise's "production organization design". Subsequently, the Shanghai Cable Factory formulated the production operation plan, material cost quota accounting, trial production of new products, production technology preparation and other work procedures and methods. Other major factories also carried out planning, production, technology, governance and economic accounting work, so that the level of corporate governance has improved.
1958, wire and cable plants around the competitive development of new large-scale Zhengzhou, Xi'an, Lanxi, Baiyin, Guiyang and other five cable plant at the same time, the large-scale expansion of Xiangtan, Kunming, Shanghai, three plants. Zhengzhou cable plant in 1959 to complete the construction of *** line workshop civil engineering, to 1963 to modify the design scale continues to be built. Xi'an Cable Factory from Harbin Wire Factory to participate in the construction, completed in 1959, communication cables, electromagnetic wire workshop civil engineering and production of some products, that is, in 1962, stop production and slow construction, and then the construction of the copper network workshop and put into operation. 1965 from the Shenyang Cable Factory to move to the communication cable workshop, and put into operation in that year, a clear direction of development of communication cables for the product.
Shanghai Cable Factory in 1958-1962 built a new calendering workshop, cable workshop, communication cable workshop and expansion of **** line workshop, production capacity greatly expanded. Xiangtan Cable Factory in 1959 in the new site expansion, electromagnetic wire and *** line workshop, in 1964 and the development of *** line, electromagnetic wire, plastic, rubber, mining, marine cable production. Kunming Cable Factory in 1958 expanded *** line, electromagnetic wire workshop, cable workshop, after the start of construction stopped in 1961. Shenyang Cable Factory in 1960, the completion of the words cable workshop, Harbin Wire Factory expanded calendering, **** aluminum wire workshop. 609 factory also expanded during this period.
This period, in the joint reorganization based on the establishment of a number of small and medium-sized wire factory, such as Wuxi, Wuhan, Tianjin, Beijing, Qingdao and other places of the wire factory, some expansion, some relocation of the factory. In addition, Chongqing, Hengyang, Foshan, Nanning, Kaifeng, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Xi'an, Wuhu, Beijing, Xingtai, Yuji, Liaoyuan, Harbin, and other places have set up a number of wire factories, wire factories, wire factories. Post and telecommunications, railway division also established a number of wire and cable factory.
This period also developed a number of cable accessories factory, such as Wuhan Cable Accessories Factory, Changsha Cable Accessories Factory, Wuxi Plastic Products Factory, Shanghai Wuning Hardware Factory.
Shanghai Cable Research and Design Office was renamed Shanghai Cable Research Institute in 1958. 1959-1960, a variety of laboratories and repair workshops were built, and the completion of the high-voltage building civil engineering. 1961 military high-frequency, undersea communication cables back to the Ministry of Defense, the tenth research institute, which later developed into the 1423 Research Institute.
1967-1968 Hubei Red Flag Cable Factory was built by the Shanghai Cable Factory package, completed the main products for ultra-high-voltage cables, submarine communication cables, marine cables, cross-linked polyethylene cables. There are also Shanghai Dailai Electric Factory moved to Lanzhou and Baiyin Cable Factory merger built Changtong Wire Factory, Shanghai Plastic Wire, Aluminum Wire and other factories to build a joint relocation of Guiyang Wire Factory, Qingdao Wire Factory partially relocated to build the Xintai Wire Factory, Fuzhou Wire Factory partially relocated to build the Nanping Wire Factory, part of the Harbin Wire Factory relocated to build the Mudanjiang Wire Factory, Hangzhou Cable Factory, Wenzhou Wire Factory partially relocated to build the Shanhe Electric Equipment Factory, Wuxi Cable Factory partially relocated to build the Wuxi Cable Factory partially relocated to build the Wuxi Cable Factory partially relocated to build the Wuxi Cable Factory. Wuxi Cable Factory partially relocated to build Guangde Wire Factory, Guangzhou Wire Factory partially relocated to build Huaxian Wire Factory, Shenyang Cable Factory partially relocated to build Fushun Qingyuan 8290 Wire Factory.
1966-1976 and a number of new plants, such as Changchun, Jilin, Ji'an, Qinggang, Zhaodong, Fuxin, Yanqing, Li Shi, Pingyuan, Xining and other plants. The Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications system established Houma Cable Factory, the Ministry of Railways system established Jiaozuo Railway Electrical Equipment Factory, Tianshui Railway Cable Signal Factory and so on. China's Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and the implementation of the Sixth Five-Year Plan, so that the cable industry staff enthusiasm and re-emerged in the situation of high conductor usage rose to 439,200 tons in 1979. 1979, the center of the proposed "adjustments, reforms, rectification, progress" policy, China's infrastructure scale has been greatly reduced, the need for wire and cable and the subsequent demand for wire and cable. Wire and cable needs to fall, but with the development of household appliances industry, some products such as fine enameled wire demand surge. With the results of the adjustment, production rebounded, in 1985 the conductor usage rose to 623,000 tons.
Reform and opening up in the introduction of internal linkage to carry out, so that cross-region, cross-industry inward linkage of enterprises also have faster development, at the same time, township and village enterprises, local enterprises and the emergence of a large number of its number of the past has not been. However, until the 1990s, state-owned enterprises in China's wire and cable industry occupies an unshakeable dominant position. 80s formed the two hegemony of the north and south, namely, the Shenyang Cable Factory and Shanghai Cable Factory; to the formation of the 90s, Shenyang Cable Factory, Shanghai Cable Factory and Zhengzhou Cable Factory, the three-pronged format.
With the deep development of reform, from the mid-1990s, state-owned enterprises gradually withdrew from the stage of history, the proportion of private enterprises in the industry has increased year by year. In the "Ninth Five-Year Plan", "Tenth Five-Year Plan" decade of development, China's wire and cable industry within the economic composition has also completed a major transformation. The early stage of reform and opening up mainly by the state-owned economy, the collective economy, supplemented by a relatively single economic composition, after this period of reform and adjustment, has been gradually transformed into a private enterprise as the main market, three-funded enterprises to seize a large number of high-end market, the state-owned enterprises in the market share in the format of the shrinking. The following for the "Tenth Five-Year" end of China's wire and cable industry ownership format: state-owned enterprises, joint ventures, private, joint-stock enterprises to the assets 15% 25% 60% to the value of 4.05% 25% 70% Wire and cable for the transmission of electrical (magnetic) energy, information and electromagnetic energy conversion of wire and cable products. Broad wire and cable is also referred to as cable. Narrowly defined cable refers to the insulated cable.
To transmit electrical (magnetic) energy, information and electromagnetic energy conversion wire products.
Products are mainly used in the generation, distribution, transmission, transformation, power supply lines in the transmission of strong electrical energy, through the current (tens of amps to thousands of amps), high voltage (220V to 35kV and above). Wire and cable industry is China's second largest industry after the automotive industry, product variety to meet the rate and domestic market share of more than 90%. In the world, China's total output value of wire and cable has exceeded that of the United States, becoming the world's largest wire and cable producer. Accompanied by the rapid development of China's wire and cable industry, the number of new enterprises rising, the industry's overall technical level has been greatly improved.
China's sustained and rapid economic growth for wire and cable products to provide a huge market space, the strong temptation of the Chinese market, so that the world are focused on the Chinese market, in the reform and opening up in just a few decades, China's cable manufacturing industry formed a huge production capacity to the world impressed. With China's electric power industry, data communications industry, urban rail transportation industry, automotive industry and shipbuilding and other industries continue to expand the scale of the demand for wire and cable will also grow rapidly, the future of the wire and cable industry there is a huge potential for development. 2008 November, China's response to the world financial crisis, the government has decided to invest 4 trillion yuan to stimulate domestic demand, of which more than 40% is used for the urban and rural power grid construction and renovation. The government decided to invest 4 trillion yuan to boost domestic demand, of which about 40% is used for construction and renovation of urban and rural power grids. The national wire and cable industry and a good market opportunity, wire and cable companies around the world to seize the opportunity to meet a new round of urban and rural power grid construction and renovation.
China's cable industry, whether in the present or in the future, almost do not have to worry about market space, China's industries have ushered in a great development, wire and cable industry as an important supporting industries of the national economy, "where there is a construction, where there is a need to use wire and cable," so the market is huge. But we also see that the future demand for special cables will be increasingly large, special cables have been known for their high technical content requirements, high profit margins, high thresholds, large market space and other characteristics, but in the special cable product technology research and development, but precisely China's local cable industry's weaknesses, thus resulting in the high-end market is dominated by foreign giants of the situation, for this reason, the domestic cable manufacturers how to pry open the gap in the high-end market, so as to beat the market. High-end market gap, so as to play a piece of heaven and earth, is an important issue for domestic cable manufacturers to consider.