ISO carries out technical activities through its 2856 technical organizations. There are * *185 Technical Committee (TC), * SC) * * 61+0 Technical Committee (SC), 2022 working groups (WG) and 38 special working groups.
The technical activities (products) of 2856 technical institutions of ISO are "international standards". ISO has formulated more than *** 10300 international standards, mainly involving the technical specifications of various products (including service products and knowledge products) in all walks of life.
In addition to standardized names, international standards formulated by ISO also have numbers. The numbering format is: ISO+ standard number+[column+sub-standard number]+colon+publication year number (the contents in square brackets are optional), such as ISO 8402: 1987, ISO 9001:2000, etc.
However, "ISO9000" refers not to one standard, but to a series of standards. "'‘ISO9000 family' is all international standards formulated by ISO/TC 176. "
What is TC 176? TC 176 is the technical committee of 176 in ISO. Established in 1980, the full name is "Quality Assurance Technical Committee". 1987 was renamed as "Technical Committee for Quality Management and Quality Assurance". TC 176 is responsible for formulating standards for quality management and quality assurance technology.
One of the earliest standards formulated by TC 176 is ISO 8402: 1986, named Quality-Terminology, which was officially released on June 1986. 1987 In March, ISO officially released ISO9000: 1987, ISO 900 1: 1987, ISO 9002: 1987, and ISO 9003:/kloc-0.
Since then, TC 176 has published another standard in 1990, three standards in 199 1, one standard in 1992 and five standards in 1993. 1994 did not publish other standards, but revised the above-mentioned "ISO9000 series standards" uniformly. Change them to ISO 8402: 1994, ISO9000- 1: 1994, ISO 9001:/994, ISO 9002: 1994, ISO 9002. In 1995, TC 176 issued another standard with the number of ISO10013:1995. Up to now, ISO9000 has 17 standards.
On June 5438+February 15, 2000, ISO900 1: 2000 and ISO 9000:2000 were officially released, replacing ISO8402, ISO900 1 and ISO 90000 respectively.
As an expert, you should be familiar with the above standards. As an enterprise, you only need to choose one of the following three criteria:
1, ISO 9000: 2000 Quality Management System-Fundamentals and Terminology;
2. WO9001:2000: 2000 Quality Management System-Requirements;
3. 10904: 20000 Quality Management System-A Guide to Functional Improvement:
6s
"6S service" is a unique service proposed by Shida Network. It takes the concept of "attention at any time and place, satisfaction everywhere" and interprets "6S service" through "smile (sincerity), professionalism (specialty), quickness (satisfaction) and super".
What is "6S management"
"6S management" originated from 5S of Japanese enterprises and is an effective concept and method of modern factory site management. Its function is to improve efficiency, ensure quality, make the working environment clean and orderly, put prevention first and ensure safety.
1.seiri)-classify everything in the workplace as necessary and unnecessary, and eliminate everything except the necessity to stay.
Objective: To make room for flexible use, prevent misuse and create a refreshing workplace.
2. Seiton)-Put the necessary items left behind in the designated location, put them in order and mark them.
Objective: The workplace should be clear at a glance, which can save the time of searching for articles, create a clean working environment and eliminate excessive backlog of articles.
3.seiso- Clean the visible and invisible places in the workplace and keep the workplace clean and beautiful.
Objective: To stabilize quality and reduce work-related injuries.
4.seiketsu- Maintain the above 3S achievements.
5. Attainment (shitsuke)-Every member develops good habits, and follows the rules to do things, and develops a proactive spirit (also known as habits).
Objective: To cultivate employees who have good habits and abide by the rules, and to shape the spirit of league members.
6. Safety)-Pay attention to the safety education of all staff, always have the concept of safety first, and prevent problems before they happen.
Objective: To establish a safe production environment, and all work should be based on safety.
5S
5S refers to sorting (SEIRI), correcting (SEITON), cleaning (SEISO), cleaning (SEIKETSU) and literacy (SHITSUKE), because Japanese pinyin starts with "s" and is abbreviated as 5S.
5S originated in Japan, and its ultimate goal is to create a clear working environment and cultivate employees' good working habits by standardizing scenes and existing things, thus improving people's quality.
1. Get rid of carelessness and get into the habit of taking everything seriously (taking every "little thing" seriously at work)
2, the habit of obeying the rules
3. Consciously keep a clean and tidy working environment.
4. Polite habits
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
The so-called ERP is the abbreviation of English Enterprise Resource Planning. It comes from MRP (material resources)
Plan), which expands the function of MRP, and its core idea is supply chain management.
It is a new generation information system based on the era of network economy, which transcends the boundaries of traditional enterprises and optimizes enterprise resources from the scope of supply chain. This is right.
It plays an obvious role in improving business processes and enhancing the core competitiveness of enterprises. ?
ERP began to appear in the early 1980s. Since 1990s, internationally renowned ERP products represented by SAP and Oracle have been developed.
Enter China and expand rapidly. Subsequently, some early ERP products appeared in China, such as Case ERP, Immediate ERP and Hejia ERP.
And boko ERP. ?
The characteristics and core contents of ERP system include:
The business application system required by enterprise internal management mainly refers to the core modules such as finance, logistics and human resources. ?
The logistics management system adopts the MRP management idea of manufacturing industry; FMIS has effectively realized budget management, business evaluation, management accounting,
ABC cost collection method and other modern basic financial management methods; Application of Human Resource Management System in Organization Design, Post Management and Salary System
And human resource development. ?
ERP system is a highly integrated system applied to the whole company. Data is highly shared among business systems.
Active data only needs to be input once in a certain system, which ensures the consistency of data. ?
The company's internal business processes and management processes have been optimized and the main business processes have been automated. ?
Adopt the latest mainstream computer technology and architecture: B/S, Internet architecture and WINDOWS interface. Zaineng communication
All places can be easily connected to the system. ?
Integration, progress, unity, honesty and openness. ?
Inspection of semi-finished products by quality inspectors
Quality inspector QA finished product inspection
IQC inspector raw material arrival inspection
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
Use of ISO documents:
ISO is a CD image file and cannot be used directly. You need some tools to decompress it before you can use it. Daemon tool is a good virtual CD-ROM software. With it, ISO files can be directly virtualized into CD files. The installation of the daemon tool is very simple. After copying the file, you will be prompted to install the new hardware of the virtual CD-ROM drive, and you need to restart it to complete the installation of hardware and software. Daemon tools can be automatically set to start themselves. Just generate a small icon on the taskbar, click with the left mouse button, and enter the menu to select the location of the ISO file, so that the ISO file can be virtualized into a CD. In fact, there are many softwares for extracting ISO files.
Production of ISO documents:
WinISO software can also be used to make ISO files.
ISO is the abbreviation of an organization. Its full name is International Organization for Standardization, which is translated from Chinese as "International Organization for Standardization".
ISO claims that its purpose is to "promote the development of standardization and related activities worldwide, thereby promoting the international exchange of goods and services and cooperation in the fields of intelligence, science, technology and economy."
ISO has 1 17 members, including 1 17 countries and regions.
The highest authority of ISO is the annual General Meeting of Members, and its daily office is the Central Secretariat, located in Geneva, Switzerland. At present, the Central Secretariat has 65,438+070 employees and is headed by the Secretary-General.
Iso photosensitive value
Iso sensitivity is a measure of the sensitivity of traditional camera negatives to light, which is usually expressed by iso number. The larger the number, the stronger the optical rotation. Commonly used methods are iso 100, 400, 1000, etc. Generally speaking, the higher the sensitivity, the coarser the particles of the negative film, and the worse the magnification effect. Digital cameras also use this iso value to indicate the exposure used by the metering system.
ISO value is used to indicate the sensitivity of negative film used by traditional cameras. Digital cameras, like the negatives of ordinary cameras, all use ISO values to represent the exposure standards adopted by their photometric systems. Therefore, the lower the ISO value, the higher the required exposure. Conversely, the higher the ISO value, the lower the required exposure.
Ji te Wu le
JIT is just in time. As the name implies, it includes narrow sense and broad sense.
In a narrow sense, it is to send materials to the places where they are needed at the required time. Its realization is that each process is synchronized with the subsequent processes to minimize inventory.
In a broad sense, it is suitable for all production types such as processing workshop, process production and repeated production. It has similar meanings to "short-cycle production", "non-inventory production" and "zero inventory". Domestic literature is sometimes translated as "timely production".
TQM
Tqm is total quality management and tqc is limit theory.
Total production maintenance (abbreviation of Total Productive Maintenance)
Definition of Total Productive Maintenance (Total Productive Management)
★ The goal is to pursue the limit of production system efficiency (comprehensive efficiency).
★ From the change of consciousness to the use of various effective means, build a system that can nip in the bud (finally realize a system of "0" disaster, "0" defect and "0" waste).
★ From the production department to all departments such as development, business and management.
★ Full participation from senior leaders to front-line operators.
As can be seen from the definition, TPM pursues the limit of comprehensive efficiency of the whole production system, and puts an end to all enterprise innovation activities that challenge disasters, defects and waste the limit. "Eliminate all disasters, badness and waste?" Some people may think that this is just a slogan, and even think that TPM is incredible and doubt its result. These doubts are completely understandable, because as an innovative activity of enterprises, the effect produced by TPM really exceeds the imagination of many of us. However, if you have the opportunity to visit and study in TPM-certified enterprises, all doubts will disappear.
Total Productive Maintenance consists of six pillars: equipment maintenance, quality maintenance, personal improvement, transaction improvement, environmental maintenance and personnel training. Each pillar has a complete set of implementation methods to comprehensively upgrade the enterprise. According to the specific situation of the enterprise, only a few pillars can be selected to promote it, and greater success can be achieved.
Which industries is TPM suitable for
Since 1980s, TPM has been implemented in Japan's automobile, semiconductor, household appliances, woodworking, machinery and other assembly industries, as well as steel, chemical, food, pharmaceutical, paper-making, printing, petroleum, gas and other device industries. It covers almost all manufacturing industries and has achieved remarkable results.
What are the conditions for implementing TPM?
Company leaders fully realize the importance of management, have a sense of urgency to carry out physical innovation, and have a strong desire to pursue perfection, so as to adapt to the market economy of survival of the fittest.
Effect of TPM implementation in some foreign-funded enterprises
Oil production in Hokkaido: labor productivity increased by 58%, and the number of faulty parts decreased by 865,438+0%.
Ricoh (Numazu): the labor productivity increased by 65,438+0.30%, the production cycle shortened by 77%, and the development cycle shortened by 35%.
The number of complaints dropped by 88%
Big Japan printing? Red feather factory: labor productivity increased by 80%
Body factory: labor productivity increased by 90%
A new day is bright? Hokuriku Institute: labor productivity increased 120%
Onota: The cost is reduced by 30%, and the failure parts are reduced by 98%.
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Volvo: Labor productivity increased by 30% and equipment maintenance fee decreased by 50%.
French steel: equipment efficiency increased by 50%
America? Yamaha: The equipment efficiency is improved by 28%, and the defective rate of the project is reduced by 80%.
Hyundai Motor Company of Korea: The equipment efficiency has been improved by 25%, the manufacturing time of each vehicle has been reduced by 28%, and the defect rate in the project has been reduced by 44%.
South Korea Kia Special Steel: Equipment efficiency increased by 50%.
Brief introduction of Ricoh's TPM promotion achievements in Shenzhen
In the two years since Ricoh implemented total productive maintenance, the company has increased the number of cases by 37,354. In the following 1999 period, the number of cases filed per capita was more than 3/month, 40 times that before implementation. The whole company has a strong atmosphere of improvement and is full of vitality.
Cumulative improvement amount (97 ~ 99)180,000 RMB.
The improvement effects of four typical cases are as follows:
Efficiency improvement of 1.a production line
Effect: Efficiency increased by 40% and number of people decreased by 70%.
2. Reduce and improve the number of electric forklifts in the warehouse.
Effect: The logistics volume increased by 30%, but the number of power forklifts increased.
From 33 to 22.
3. Reduce and improve the bad losses in the manufacturing sector projects.
Effect: The amount of bad debt loss decreased by 96.6% in 1 year.
4. Poor quality forecasting activities
Results: The time for new varieties to achieve stable quality was shortened from 6 months to 2 months.
ISO 1400 1 environmental management system
Among the ISO 14000 series of standards, ISO 1400 1 environmental management system standard is the most important, because ISO 1400 1 is the most fundamental criterion for enterprises to establish environmental management system and audit certification, and it is the basis of a series of subsequent standards. The environmental management system is an integral part of the total management system, which requires the organization to establish and maintain a standard environmental management system, which consists of 17 elements and is divided into five parts: environmental policy, planning, implementation and operation, inspection and correction, and management review. Through the organic combination and effective operation of these elements, the environmental behavior of the organization has been continuously improved.
At present, the international and domestic ISO 14000 certification refers to the enterprise environmental management system certification, and the enterprise has obtained the ISO 1400 1 certification certificate.
CTP operation
1. What is CTP?
CTP is the abbreviation of Changer Ttraining Partner, and Shanghai Chen Zhi Information Technology Co., Ltd. is the CTP management center, which provides various computerized examination certification services by virtue of self-developed examination system software. CTP has complete examination system facilities and examination room management rules, and has the fairness and authority of certification.
2. Qualifications for becoming a CTP:
Independent legal entity
Have a good educational background and resources in the local area
Agree with the educational concept and good prospects of Shanghai Morning Post.
3. the benefits of becoming a CTP:
There is no need to pay any fees, such as management fees or annual fees.
Free access to training programs and examination services authorized by CTP management center.
Free access to the exam operating system software provided by CTP management center.
For partners, CTP Management Center will provide them with free and comprehensive image publicity on the website.
Organize various marketing activities to expand social influence.
Provide training resources for all partners through online registered users all over the country.
4. How to become a CTP?
Applicants should obtain the application form from CTP management center or fill in the application form directly on its website (www.changer.net.cn), and then send it to CTP management center by email, fax or mail.
The CTP Management Center will review the applicant's qualifications within two days, and send a formal notice and two formal agreements to the applicant after the review is passed.
After receiving the notice, the unit can prepare, sign and send back the agreement according to the contents of the notice.
After receiving the agreement, CTP management center will distribute the test operating system software and related items.
CAD drawing
Computer aided design
An important symbol to measure a country's scientific and technological modernization and industrial modernization.
Widely used in mechanical engineering and construction engineering, but also widely used in environmental engineering.
CAD drawing has many advantages over traditional drawing board.
CAD drawing = design method +CAD software application
The necessary conditions for designers to draw CAD drawings are: mastering environmental engineering design methods; Proficient in CAD software
CAD drawings are the language of engineers.
The design department uses drawings to express design ideas and intentions, and the production department uses drawings to guide processing and manufacturing.
The user department will use the drawings as the basis for compiling bidding documents or using and maintaining them.
The construction department uses the drawings to prepare the construction organization plan, prepare the tender offer and preparation materials, and organize the construction.
Engineers and managers in any building engineering field are required to have certain ability of reading and drawing. If they can't read the drawings, they are just as incompetent as illiterate people.
In order to implement the national building code, the civil engineering specialty requires the length, height, doors, windows, stairs and other dimensions of the factory building to comply with the provisions of the modular system.
People engaged in environmental engineering can better carry out process design only if they have knowledge of civil engineering CAD drawing.
Have the same language as people majoring in civil engineering.
Enjoy working with other professionals.
Put forward requirements and supervise civil work.
At the same time, we can carry out simple civil engineering design by ourselves, so that reasonable scientific and technological content can be combined with perfect art form.
Give full play to creativity and spatial imagination, be brave in innovation in creativity, and make the process design better.