Keywords: environmental engineering; sewage treatment; status quo; problems
Introduction
The development of the city as well as the operation of all aspects of the city can not be separated from the application of water resources, if there is no reliable and safe water resources as a guarantee, the city's development and progress is just an empty slogan. And do a good job of the city's sewage treatment is a key link in the rational utilization of water resources in the city, but also an important factor in a more comfortable and safe life for the public.
1 China's environmental engineering in the current situation of urban sewage treatment
Currently, China's sewage disposal rate is not very high, the previous sewage treatment is only a single source of pollution management and pollutant concentration to meet the standard stage, the current stage is the comprehensive management of slice of the pollution and the control of the total amount of pollutant discharged on the basis of the environmental capacity of the stage. The current stage of urban sewage treatment plant has a wide area, long service life, large equipment scale, stable operation effect, more capital investment and other characteristics [1]. China can according to the actual situation of the target city, drawing on foreign excellent experience in sewage treatment and emerging technologies, selective selection of programs and technological processes, reduce the cost of sewage treatment as well as facilitate operation and maintenance. China's main sewage treatment technologies at this stage are: SBR sewage treatment method, A20 treatment method (anaerobic aerobic treatment method), MBR treatment technology (membrane separation technology).
2 Problems of urban sewage treatment in China's environmental engineering
While China's urban sewage treatment has developed rapidly, there are still many problems, mainly the following: first, the infrastructure is not perfect. Many cities in the sewage treatment only pay attention to the scale of the construction of sewage treatment plants and the scale of the main drainage network, while the construction of cell phone branch pipe and junction branch pipe is not enough attention, resulting in sewage collection pipe network supporting the efficiency is low, so that its role can not be effectively played out or even can not be utilized. Secondly, the management and maintenance work is not enough. In the reality of urban sewage treatment in the work of the network maintenance work is not enough, the suburbs or far from the urban areas of the remote places of the pipe network is often damaged and no one to repair, such as municipal facilities caused by the construction of the pipe network is damaged, damaged after the repair is not timely. Third, the sewage treatment capacity needs to be improved. From the perspective of the annual discharge of urban sewage, China's annual urban sewage treatment capacity needs to be improved. According to relevant data, China's cities have about 2.4 billion m3 of sewage discharged annually increased, but only 300 million m3 of sewage treatment capacity increment each year, from the data can be seen in the city's annual sewage discharge and sewage treatment capacity of the serious imbalance between the capacity [2]. In addition, horizontal comparison of foreign sewage treatment capacity, China's urban sewage treatment capacity is still to be improved. Fourth, the problem of sewage treatment funds. The construction and operation of sewage treatment facilities require huge financial support, and the investment per cubic meter of sewage treatment for the construction of perfect sewage treatment facilities is generally 1500 to 2000 yuan, and the recurring cost is about 0.4 yuan/m [3]. For a long time, the funds for the construction of urban sewage treatment facilities in China come from the state. The construction of sewage treatment facilities in the urban infrastructure should have been appropriately ahead of schedule, but with the continuous expansion of the city scale, the state's unilateral sources of funding can not meet the needs of urban infrastructure construction, resulting in the construction of urban sewage treatment facilities seriously lagging behind. Fifth, sewage treatment enterprises generally low operating efficiency. Has been, China's urban sewage treatment facilities operation for the government monopoly, due to the asymmetric information base, the operating agency lacks effective constraints on the development of mechanisms, competition mechanisms, the inherent cost of the monitoring mechanism, the lack of these mechanisms lead to the operating agency's source of profit for the cost of inflated, which further leads to a huge loss of efficiency in the operation. Sewage treatment operating organizations can not reduce operating costs, making the operating organization redundancy is serious.
3 China's environmental engineering in urban wastewater treatment problem solution countermeasures
With the continuous advancement of China's urbanization process, the source of water resource pollution has become more complex. Therefore, improve the construction of urban wastewater treatment facilities, a series of related research is of great importance, the following problems currently exist in the following points of the corresponding countermeasures.
3.1 Improve the corresponding sewage collection pipeline network supporting the construction of
1) the supporting pipeline network for the implementation of sub-regional processing, to find out the main sources of urban sewage and the way to the diversion of the transformation of the system for the implementation of the plan. 2) the facilities that already existed, are in operation beforehand to investigate, targeted at solving the problems that exist.
3.2 Improvement of pipeline network maintenance system construction
City sewage treatment should be improved maintenance management system, the city's remote areas or suburbs for regular inspection, will be in the sewage treatment pipeline near the construction of the corresponding contingency measures to be taken.
3.3 Improvement of sewage treatment capacity
Improve the sewage treatment capacity, first of all, to improve the efficiency of sewage regeneration, and secondly, to choose the advanced sewage treatment process. Improving the efficiency of sewage regeneration is not only to save water resources, but also to be able to use sewage reuse to promote the development of the cause. Sewage treatment process directly affects the sewage treatment capacity and efficiency, sewage treatment process should first adopt a high resource utilization rate, produce less pollution, and is conducive to the comprehensive utilization of clean production processes. At present, China's urban pollution treatment process is mainly active mud pollution method, this method of energy consumption and operating costs are not high, and can effectively reduce the organic load [4].
3.4 Solve the problem of insufficient funds
We have to improve the original financing mode, take effective methods, apply advanced operation mode, change the financing mode dominated by government funds, expand the financing channels, and let the urban wastewater treatment face the market financing. In addition, we can apply TOT mode, bot mode and hosting operation mode [5] and other ways to operate.
4 Conclusion
Modern urban wastewater treatment can improve the utilization rate of water resources, maintain the long-term stable development of urban economy, and provide safe water resources for the process of urbanization. Combined with the national conditions, China's urban development level and ideological concepts are deficient [6], so that it will ignore the importance of urban wastewater treatment for urban construction, which is detrimental to the development of urban economy. Seeing the current situation of urban wastewater treatment in China's environmental engineering and analyzing its problems has a multifaceted significance for environmental protection engineering.
References
[1]Guo Chunli. Theory and modeling research on comprehensive benefit assessment of urban sewage treatment project[D]. Xiangtan:Hunan University of Science and Technology,2009.
[2]Song Peidi. Research on the management method of urban sewage treatment project organization and implementation[D]. Nanjing:Hohai University,2006.
[3]Xiao Fen. The importance of urban sewage treatment in environmental protection engineering[J]. Operation Manager,2016(21):335.
[4]Hou Fengtong,Hou Yunhong,Li Jingxue. Discussion on urban wastewater treatment in environmental engineering[J]. Low Carbon World,2016(29):15-16.
[5]Xi Xi. Discussion on Engineering Management Mode of Urban Sewage Treatment Facilities[D]. Chengdu:Sichuan University,2003.
[6]Xu Qian. Discussion on the significance of urban wastewater treatment in environmental protection engineering[J]. Resource conservation and environmental protection,2015(9):71.
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