The rights and obligations of ethics are the key contents of the basic theory of medical ethics in the examination of medical institutions. Health Talent Recruitment helps you sort out the relevant content so that you can better review and remember the key points of the basic theory of medical ethics.
Medical ethics in the narrow sense mainly includes: rights and obligations, conscience and honor, emotion and reason, courage and prudence. Now, let’s focus on rights and obligations.
1. Rights
(1) Patient’s rights: These are the rights that patients have and can exercise and the benefits they should enjoy during their illness and medical treatment, also known as patient rights. In practice, patients' rights mainly include legal rights and moral rights.
According to relevant laws and regulations, patients’ legal rights mainly include: right to life, health, body ownership, equal medical treatment, disease awareness, informed consent, privacy protection, exemption from corresponding social responsibilities due to illness, and litigation claims.
(2) Rights of medical personnel:
① The right to conduct medical examinations, disease investigations, medical treatments, issue corresponding medical certification documents, and choose reasonable medical treatment, prevention, and health care plans within the registered scope of practice. (You are not allowed to issue medical certification documents that are irrelevant to your own practice or inconsistent with the type of practice).
②Have the basic conditions for obtaining medical equipment equivalent to his/her professional activities.
③The right to engage in medical research, academic exchanges, and participate in professional academic groups.
④The right to participate in training and receive continuing medical education.
⑤The right to inviolate personal dignity and personal safety during professional activities
⑥The right to receive wages, remuneration and allowances, and enjoy welfare benefits stipulated by the state.
(3) The particularity of doctors’ exercise of power:
①Acquire personal privacy and other information for the purpose of diagnosis and treatment.
②Have the right to declare the patient’s death.
③In addition, doctors also enjoy broader moral rights, the most important of which is the special right of intervention (that is, doctors restrict patients’ autonomous rights under special circumstances to ensure the rights and interests of patients themselves, others and society. This right of doctors is called (For the doctor’s special right to intervene?)
④ However, the doctor's special right to intervene is not arbitrarily exercised. It is only correct for doctors to use this right when the patient's autonomy conflicts with the principle of life value, the principle of benefit, the principle of justice and social welfare.
2. Obligations
(1) Patient’s obligations: ① Provide truthful condition and relevant information. ②Accept and actively cooperate with the doctor’s diagnosis and treatment under the guidance of a doctor. ③ Avoid spreading the disease to others. ④Respect medical staff and their work. ⑤Comply with hospital rules and regulations. ⑥Support clinical practice and medical development.
(2) Obligations of medical staff: Medical ethical obligations mainly refer to the moral duties that a medical staff should perform. It is not premised on the enjoyment of certain rights and rewards; it is not an external coercion, but an obligation that is voluntarily performed based on a correct understanding of the interests of society and others, and a deep friendship for patients. Including ①diagnosis and treatment obligations. ②Obligation to make and save medical records. ③Obligation to obtain valid commitment from the patient. ④Referral obligations, etc.
3. Difference
Obligations refer to things that must be done, and rights refer to options.
example:
The common obligation and bounden duty of medical personnel is ()
A. Learn from each other, improve together and give full play to our advantages
B. Be independent of each other, support and help each other
C. Trust each other, collaborate and supervise each other
D. ***Together safeguard the interests of patients and social welfare
E. Equality and respect for each other
AnswerD
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