definition
All objects in nature always transfer heat to the outside world in the form of electromagnetic waves as long as the temperature is above absolute zero. This way of transmitting energy is called radiation. The energy released by an object through radiation is called radiant energy, or simply radiation. Radiation is calculated in roentgen per hour (r)
Radiation is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves. Is to spread energy in the form of fluctuations. Radio waves and light waves are electromagnetic waves. Their propagation speed is very fast, which is the same as that of light wave in vacuum (3× 10 10 cm/s), but slightly slower in air.
Electromagnetic wave is a composite wave composed of waves with different wavelengths. Its wavelength ranges from cosmic rays of10e-10μ m (1μ m =10e-4cm) to radio waves of several kilometers wavelength. X-rays, X-rays, ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared rays, ultrashort waves and long-wave radio waves all belong to the scope of electromagnetic waves. Visible to the naked eye is a short electromagnetic wave, which is called visible light from 0.4-0.76 micron. Visible light, after being split by a prism, becomes a light band composed of seven colors: red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple. This band of light is called spectrum. Among them, the wavelength of red light is the longest, the wavelength of purple light is the shortest, and the wavelengths of other colors are in between. There are infrared and radio waves whose wavelength is longer than red light (>: 0.76 micron); The wavelength is shorter than violet light (
The wavelength of solar radiation is mainly 0. 15-4 micron, and the maximum radiation wavelength is 0.5 micron on average. The radiation wavelength of ground and atmosphere is mainly 3- 120 micron, and the maximum radiation wavelength is 10 micron on average. It is customary to call the former short-wave radiation and the latter long-wave radiation.
harm
People who work, study and live in an environment with concentrated radiation sources are prone to insomnia, dreaminess, memory loss, physical weakness and low immunity, and their cancer cells grow 24 times faster than normal people.
How far is the radiation from us? In our living environment, radiation is everywhere!
Household appliances: TV, refrigerator, air conditioner, microwave oven, vacuum cleaner, etc.
Office equipment: mobile phones, computers, photocopiers, electronic instruments, medical equipment, etc.
Home improvement: marble, composite floor, wall wallpaper, paint, etc.
Surrounding environment: high-voltage lines, substations, TV (broadcast) signal transmission towers, etc.
Natural environment: sunspots, etc.
A healthy person can bear a short-term load of 5000R, but only a dose of 700R is enough to make a healthy person fatally threatened, but everyone's physical resistance is different, and everyone will have different degrees of symptoms. Generally, being polluted by electromagnetic radiation will cause central nervous system problems such as headache, insomnia and arrhythmia. At the same time, it may affect some people's eyes, such as decreased vision, skin diseases and even cancer. For pregnant women who may cause miscarriage, the elderly who have installed pacemakers should pay special attention. At the same time, different people or the same person have different tolerance to electromagnetic radiation at different ages. Even in an environment exceeding the standard, it does not mean that everyone will get sick, so there is no need to "be a soldier" for electromagnetic radiation. However, preventive measures should be taken for the elderly, children, pregnant women or patients with pacemakers, people who are sensitive to electromagnetic radiation, and people who work in excessive electromagnetic radiation for a long time.
prevent
With the rapid development of science and technology, various scientific and technological products and household appliances have entered people's lives, which have greatly improved people's work efficiency and improved people's lives. I can't imagine what people's life would be like without these live broadcast devices. However, with more and more high-voltage electricity and transmission towers around the city, there are more and more electrical equipment at home, which makes people feel convenient and hurt at the same time. At present, electromagnetic radiation pollution has become the fourth largest environmental pollution after water, air and noise. What would you do if one day, the house you live in was suddenly told that it was in serious electromagnetic radiation? Among the many household appliances, can you find out which ones have higher radiation? What is electromagnetic radiation? From a professional point of view, electromagnetic radiation is a phenomenon that energy propagates through space in the form of electromagnetic waves. Almost any electrical appliance in our home will produce electromagnetic radiation. Such as microwave oven, TV, computer, mobile phone and so on!
Protective clothing: including coats, vests, aprons and maternity clothes. Made of special fiber, it has good anti-electromagnetic radiation and anti-static effect. Especially for families with microwave ovens, it is best to equip them with protective aprons, which can effectively prevent electromagnetic radiation. For pregnant women, if they come into contact with electrical equipment, they must wear protective Chinese-style chest covering or protective clothing to ensure the healthy growth of the fetus.
Radiation shielding: it has many functions such as radiation protection, anti-static, anti-glare and so on, and it also plays a certain role in protecting eyesight.
Another way is to pay attention to time and distance.
The degree of injury is proportional to time, that is to say, the longer the exposure to electromagnetic radiation, the greater the injury. Is inversely proportional to the distance, the distance is ten times larger, the radiation is one percent of the original, the distance is one hundred times larger, and the radiation is one ten thousandth.
What is the difference between electromagnetic radiation and electromagnetic radiation pollution?
Actually, electromagnetic radiation and electromagnetic radiation pollution are two concepts. Any charged body has electromagnetic radiation. When the intensity of electromagnetic radiation exceeds the national standard, it will have negative effects and cause different diseases and harms to the human body. This part of radiation that exceeds the standard electromagnetic field strength is called electromagnetic radiation pollution.
What effect does the radiation of mobile phone base station have on people's health?
This is a common phenomenon. Many residential buildings in urban areas are equipped with mobile phone base stations. Some citizens are worried about whether the electromagnetic radiation generated by this equipment will cause harm to the human body. In fact, there is no need to worry about this problem. The difference between cell phone radiation and cell phone base station radiation. Generally, the electromagnetic radiation value of mobile phone is between 0.03 and 0.7, while the radiation value of mobile phone base station is 10 microwatt. The radiation value generated by the mobile phone base station is not much higher than that of the mobile phone!
In addition, the closer the electromagnetic radiation, the longer the radiation time and the deeper the damage! Moreover, the distance between the mobile phone base station installed on the roof of our general residents' home and us is a safe distance, so don't worry!
Specific household electrical equipment protection is divided into:
First, the microwave oven
Vigilance index: ★★★★★★★
Microwave ovens use the thermal effects of microwaves to heat and cook food. Studies have shown that the strong electromagnetic waves generated by microwave ovens may cause diseases if they exceed the standard seriously.
Coping methods:
1. It is best to leave about one meter after the microwave oven is turned on.
2, often use the microwave oven to cook food, you can wear a shielded apron and a shielded jacket.
3. It is best to replace the microwave oven after 6 to 7 years of use.
Second, computers.
Warning index: ★★★★
Coping methods:
1. If you have to use the computer for a long time, you should pay attention to washing your face in time.
2. When using the computer, you should keep the correct posture, and the distance between people and the computer screen should be kept above 70CM.
3. The electromagnetic radiation intensity on the back and side of the computer is not less than the screen, and should be kept above 120CM.
4. Liquid crystal is less harmful to human body.
Third, TV sets.
Early warning index: ★
Coping methods:
1, TV sets should not be too concentrated with other electrical appliances, exposing themselves to the danger of excessive radiation.
2. The distance between TV and people should be at least 2 meters away and not too close to the screen.
It is best not to put TV and other electrical appliances in the bedroom.
In addition, it should be noted that reading books and newspapers in bed is a kind of life interest for many people. However, small household appliances such as radio, walkman and mobile phone are not suitable for bedside to avoid electromagnetic radiation.
Finally, if you are in the electromagnetic radiation source for a long time and feel unwell, you should find relevant departments for monitoring and testing as soon as possible to find out the radiation source. Avoid long-term injuries.
How to maintain your body?
Facial protection
Although surfing the Internet is not the enemy,
However, for severe electromagnetic radiation, we still need to do foot and face work.
Screen radiation produces static electricity, which is the easiest to absorb dust. Face to face for a long time is more likely to lead to spots and wrinkles. Therefore, before surfing the Internet, you may wish to apply skin care lotion and add a layer of calomel to slightly increase skin resistance.
Thoroughly clean the skin
The first task after surfing the Internet is to clean the skin, thoroughly clean the face with warm water and cleanser, wash away all the dirt adsorbed by static electricity, and apply mild skin care products. Long-term use can reduce injuries, moisturize and beautify. This is really a little trick and a big role for women who surf the Internet.
Step 3 keep your eyes bright
If you don't want to see a person with red eyes, dark circles and gaunt face the next day, don't fight continuously for a long time, especially don't stay up late surfing the Internet. Prepare a bottle of eye drops at ordinary times in case of emergency. It is also good to apply cucumber slices, potato chips or frozen milk and herbal tea after surfing the Internet. Its method: slice cucumber or potato, apply it on double eyelids, and close your eyes for a few minutes; Or use gauze to soak frozen milk herbal tea and apply it to eyes, which can relieve eye fatigue and nourish skin around eyes.
Increase nutrition
It is very important to increase nutrition for people who often surf the Internet. Vitamin B group is very beneficial to mental workers. If you go to bed late, the quality of your sleep is not good. You should eat more animal livers and fresh fruits and vegetables, which are rich in vitamin B group. Meat, fish and dairy products increase memory; Chocolate, wheat doughnuts, seafood and dried fruits can enhance the coordination of the nervous system and are the best snacks when surfing the Internet. In addition, drinking Lycium barbarum juice and carrot juice from time to time also has obvious effects on eye protection and skin care. If you care about your appearance, quit those carbonated drinks and drink carrot juice or other fresh juice instead.
5. Do gymnastics regularly
After surfing the Internet for a long time, you may feel dizzy, stiff fingers, backache, and even edema and varicose veins of lower limbs. Therefore, we should do gymnastics at ordinary times to maintain vigorous energy, such as lying flat on the bed before going to bed, relaxing the whole body, and putting our head back below the edge of the bed after use to alleviate the lack of blood supply and oxygen supply to the brain; Raise your feet and lie flat on the bed or sofa to reduce foot edema, help blood return and prevent varicose veins of lower limbs; Stretch from time to time during surfing the internet, stretch your muscles or lean on a chair, push your hands back, and stretch your tense and tired waist muscles; Shaking your fingers is the easiest way to completely relax your fingers. Remember, this kind of gymnastics does not exercise much, but it is far more effective than sleeping late.