Based on the different hazards of dangerous goods are divided into nine categories
One, explosives
This category of goods refers to the external action (such as heat, impact, etc.), can occur a violent chemical reaction, instantaneous production of large amounts of gas and heat, so that the surrounding pressure rises sharply, the explosion, the surrounding environment caused by the destruction of the goods, but also includes no overall explosive hazard, but with burning, projectile and smaller explosive hazards, or only produce heat, light, sound or smoke, one or more effects of pyrotechnic articles.
Two, compressed gases
Compressed gases, means gases that are completely gaseous when pressurized at -50℃, including gases with a critical temperature lower than or equal to -50℃. High (low) pressure liquefied gas means a gas which is partly in liquid state when pressurized at a temperature higher than -50°C, including high-pressure liquefied gases with a critical temperature between -50°C and +65°C and low-pressure liquefied gases with a critical temperature higher than +65°C.
Three, flammable liquids
Flammable liquids are liquid substances that are easy to volatilize and burn. Its flash point (indicating that one of the indicators of the nature of flammable liquids) is less than 28.1 ° C for a flammable liquid, very easy to burn and volatile, such as gasoline.
Four, flammable solids
Flammable solids refers to the low combustion point, fire, heat, impact, friction, or contact with oxidizing agents, it is very easy to cause rapid combustion or explosion of solid substances. There are some flammable solid combustion also released toxic gases.
Five, oxide
Oxide (Oxide) belongs to the compound (of course, must be pure). Its composition contains only two elements, one of which must be the oxygen element, the other if the metal element, it is called metal oxides; if the other is not a metal element, it is called non-metallic oxides.
Six, toxic substances
General definition of any small dose into the body, through chemical or physical effects can lead to health damage to the substance. According to this definition, it can be seen that toxic substances are relative, the dose determines whether a component is toxic.
Seven, radioactive substances
Some of the atomic nuclei of certain substances can undergo decay, put out our eyes can not see and feel, can only be detected with specialized equipment to the ray, the nature of the substance is called radioactivity. Radioactive substances are those that naturally radiate energy and emit rays.
Eight, corrosive products
Corrosive products are solid or liquid that can burn human tissue and cause damage to metal and other items. Contact with the skin within 4 hours of visible necrosis, or temperature at 55 ℃, the surface of 20-gauge steel uniform annual corrosion rate of more than 6.25mm years of solid or liquid.
Nine, other dangerous goods
Dangerous goods, that is, because of its chemical, physical or toxic properties make it in the production, storage, loading and unloading, transportation process, easy to lead to fire, explosion or poisoning hazards, may cause personal injury or death, property damage to the goods. Obviously, this is defined in terms of the nature of the goods. Generally speaking, dangerous goods mainly include: dangerous chemicals, radioactive substances.
Expanded Information
The use of dangerous goods in production
The contact with toxic drugs should bring rubber gloves; contact with toxic gases, must bring a good anti-virus masks or masks; boiling strong acid, strong alkali, to bring a good eye mask (mirror). Dangerous goods must be approved for limited distribution, and personally handled by the production and use of personnel, not by non-production and use of personnel to handle. Users must be familiar with the nature of dangerous goods and knowledge of protection, operating carefully to ensure safety.
Managers must strictly control and supervise the whole process of using dangerous goods together with the personnel of the security department. On the collar, use, leftover, waste, consumption of the amount must be recorded in detail; the remaining drugs should be returned to the warehouse in a timely manner shall not be in the production plant, laboratory overnight; highly toxic containers of waste liquids, residues and other containers should be properly handled, and is strictly prohibited littering.
In the production and experimental breaks, the use of dangerous goods is strictly prohibited to use the site, in the work of the shift handover, the use of hazardous materials must be strictly managed handover procedures. The custodian should clean up the quantity of dangerous goods purchased, used and stored once a week, and report to the production management and safety and security department respectively.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Dangerous Goods