Since the construction of the rural drinking water safety project in Longde County, the county party committee and government have attached great importance to it, raised funds in an all-round way, increased investment, and the water conservancy department has integrated construction and management according to local conditions. In 2010, Longde County became a national demonstration county for the construction of rural drinking water safety projects. Through the construction of model counties, the drinking water conditions and quality of life of local people have been effectively improved, and the rapid economic and social development of the county has been driven.
1 It has improved the living conditions of farmers and raised the level of living consumption
Drinking water, like food, is the most basic need for human survival and the most basic physiological need. The construction of rural drinking water safety projects not only solves the source of life, but also has a positive and far-reaching impact on the living environment of farmers, the quality of life and consumption levels of farmers' families. According to the farmer income monitoring survey data, in 2009, the per capita living consumption expenditure of farmers with tap water was 2834.7 yuan, which was 284.7 yuan more than those without tap water, which was 11.2% higher. Judging from the international Engel coefficient value that reflects the level of living consumption, 46.7% of farmers have access to tap water, which is 3.8 percentage points lower than that of farmers who have not. It shows that the living consumption level of farmers with access to tap water is significantly higher than that of farmers without access to tap water. From 2005 to 2009, the per capita living consumption expenditure of farmers with tap water increased by 1,096.5 yuan, an increase of 63.1%, while the per capita living consumption expenditure of farmers without tap water increased by 936.8 yuan, an increase of 58.1%, which was slower than that of farmers with tap water. From 2005 to 2009, the Engel coefficient of farmers with access to tap water decreased by 3 percentage points, while the Engel coefficient of farmers without access to tap water not only did not decrease but increased by 4.2 percentage points. In 2009, the average living area of ??rural households with access to tap water was 82 m2, 12 m2 more than that of households without access to tap water. 43% of households with access to tap water lived in houses with brick, wood and concrete structures, 14 percentage points higher than those without access to tap water. The average housing value of rural households with access to tap water is 19,695 yuan, 1.2 times that of rural households without access to tap water. Compared with rural households without access to tap water, the gap in living standards is very obvious. From the perspective of the structure of living consumption expenditures, in addition to consumption expenditures on clothing and household equipment and supplies, rural households with access to tap water have higher consumption expenditures on food, housing, transportation, communications, culture, education, and medical care than rural households without access to tap water, and food consumption expenditures are 2.8% higher. , residential consumption expenditure is 56% higher, transportation and communication consumption expenditure is 43.7% higher, culture, education and entertainment consumption expenditure is 58.1% higher, and medical care consumption expenditure is 60.6% higher.
2 Changed hygiene habits and improved farmers’ quality of life
The construction of rural drinking water safety projects has not only improved the living environment of rural areas and farmers, but also increased environmental sanitation in some places and health education content. Through this "three-in-one" comprehensive model, we continue to change farmers' hygiene habits, enhance farmers' awareness of hygiene, and comprehensively improve rural drinking water and sanitation conditions. After tap water was connected in some places, livestock pens, garbage ponds, and biogas digesters began to be built; rural roads and drainage ditches were renovated; trees, grass, and flowers were planted in front and behind the houses, etc., which improved the environmental sanitation situation in rural areas. After the access to tap water, many farmers have access to washing machines, shower appliances, etc., and a new scene of clean stoves, tidy bathrooms, clean toilets and green courtyards has emerged, which has led to changes in water-related living habits and hygiene habits. According to the survey, 71% of farmers in places where tap water reaches their homes have purchased washing machines, and 22% are planning to purchase washing machines. Where tap water reaches households, 9% of farmers have already purchased water heaters, and 45% are planning to purchase water heaters. In 2009, every 100 rural households with access to tap water had 59 washing machines, 9 more than those without. Rural households with access to tap water have 7 water heaters per 100 households, while households without tap water have no water heaters. Not only that, rural households with access to tap water also have more refrigerators, motorcycles, bicycles, telephones and televisions than those without. The improvement of rural living environment has truly laid a good foundation for the construction of a comprehensive well-off society in rural areas.
3 Reduce the occurrence of diseases and improve the health level of farmers
The solution to the drinking water problem has greatly reduced the incidence of water-related diseases in rural areas, especially the reduction of Water quality problems can lead to the possibility of infectious diseases. According to a survey on the intentions of 130 farmers, the cumulative number of incidences of various diseases in the first year after the access to tap water was 41.8% lower than before the access to tap water.
By promoting the improvement of environmental sanitation and personal hygiene, the incidence of diseases related to sanitary conditions has been reduced and the health of farmers, especially women and children, has been improved. The improvement of health level has correspondingly reduced medical expenses and lightened the financial burden of farmers. According to the results of a sample survey of rural households, the per capita medical expenditure of households with access to tap water was 64.6 yuan in 2005, which was 6.4 yuan or 9% lower than that of rural households without access to tap water. In 2009, the per capita medical expenditure of households with access to tap water was 90.4 yuan, which was 12.4 yuan or 12.1% lower than that of rural households without access to tap water. According to a survey on the intentions of 130 farmers, before tap water was provided, the direct cost of disease was 113,790 yuan. After tap water was provided, the direct cost of disease was reduced to 53,070 yuan, a decrease of 60,720 yuan, or 53.4%. After the access to tap water, not only the medical expenses were reduced, but more importantly, the health level of farmers was improved to a certain extent.
4 Enhanced farmers’ confidence in getting rich and accelerated the pace of poverty alleviation
Villagers have been drinking unsafe water for a long time, which has seriously affected their health. Some farmers have even returned to poverty or become poor due to illness. phenomenon. Solve the problem of drinking water difficulties, shorten the time to collect water, reduce the burden of farmers to find, carry and buy water, and liberate the rural labor force. The improvement of drinking water conditions has promoted the development of the breeding industry, increased the output and quality of livestock products, and also provided water source guarantee for the appropriate development of garden planting and processing industries, promoted the development of rural economic and society, and helped the rural poor to escape poverty. Effective measures to get rich. In areas with good water source conditions, comprehensive utilization of drinking water projects has been implemented to alleviate poverty, and the development of courtyard economy, breeding industry and processing industry has broadened the channels for farmers to increase their income. In 2000, the absolute poverty-stricken population in rural Longde County reached 32,000, accounting for 16.1% of the rural population. By 2009, the poverty-stricken population decreased to 10,000, accounting for only 6.7% of the rural population. The poverty-stricken population decreased by 22,000. Reaching 36.7%, the county as a whole has entered a new stage of getting rid of poverty and becoming rich.
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