2, cpu, graphics card and other accessories should not overclock too high, pay attention to the temperature, otherwise it will restart or crash inexplicably when starting or running.
3. When replacing computer accessories, be sure to plug in the power supply, because poor contact of accessories will cause the system to crash.
4, bios settings should be appropriate, although it is recommended to set the bios to optimal, but the so-called optimal is not the best, and sometimes the optimal setting will cause startup or operation crash.
5, it is best to be equipped with a regulated power supply, in order to avoid voltage instability caused by the crash.
6. If possible, install a ups to prevent the computer from crashing after power failure.
7. Don't use floppy disks and CDs of unknown origin easily. For the software attached to the email, use anti-virus software such as kv300 and Rising before use to avoid system crash after being infected with the virus.
8. Don't turn off the power supply when the application software doesn't end normally, otherwise the system files will be damaged or lost, resulting in automatic startup or crash at runtime. This is very important for systems such as windows98/2000/nt.
9. During the installation of application software, if a prompt dialog box of "Overwrite file" appears, it is best to choose not to overwrite it. Because the current system files are usually the best, you can't decide to overwrite the files in chronological order (unless you are very concerned about the time of the files).
10. When uninstalling the software, do not delete * * * files, because some * * * files may be used by the system or other programs. Once these files are deleted, the application software will fail to start and crash, or the system will crash.
1 1. When setting up hardware devices, it is best to check whether there is an interrupt number (irq), and don't let other devices use this interrupt number, otherwise irq conflicts will occur, leading to system crash.
12, when loading some software, pay attention to the order, because some software programming is not standardized and can't be ranked at the front of the operation, so it should be placed at the last operation to avoid confusion in system management.
13. When running large-scale application software (such as office 2000), don't quit the previously running program while running, otherwise the whole windows98 system will crash.
14, in the case of small memory (for example, 4 MB- 16 MB), it is best not to run applications that occupy a large amount of memory, otherwise it will easily crash when running. It is suggested that when running these programs, the files currently in use should be saved in time.
15. For system files or important files, it is best to use implicit attributes to avoid deleting or overwriting these files due to misoperation.
16. When modifying the hard disk master boot record, it is best to save the original record first to prevent the original hard disk master boot record from being restored due to the failure of modification.
17, it is best to use the beta version of the software less, because the beta version is not stable enough in some aspects, and the system will not start after use.
18. Try not to run 16-bit application in windows95/98, because 16-bit application will conflict with 32-bit application in windows, resulting in crash or failure to start.
19. Before upgrading the bios, determine the upgraded bios version, and save the original version first, so as not to cause the system to fail to start due to the upgrade error.
Try not to use pirated software, because there are a lot of viruses hidden in these software. Once executed, it will automatically modify your system and cause the system to crash during operation.
2 1. There may be a lot of dust in the chassis. If dust touches the circuit of the accessory, it will make the system unstable or collapse.
22. Don't run large-scale application software after disk defragmentation, otherwise it will lead to crash.
23. Don't run other applications when checking the hard disk with antivirus software to prevent the system from crashing.
24. When surfing the Internet, don't open too many browsing windows at a time, resulting in insufficient resources and a crash.
25. When turning off the computer, don't directly use the power button in the chassis, because directly using the power button will cause the file to be lost, which will lead to the failure to start normally next time, which will lead to the system crash.
For friends who often crash, please try the above methods. I believe it will be helpful to everyone. Sometimes we should take different countermeasures according to the specific situation, and we can't copy them mechanically.
Several methods to solve the crash fault
Whether it is a compatible machine or a card machine, there will be inexplicable crashes in the process of use. Crash is a common fault phenomenon, and it is also a difficult disease to solve. Especially when the computer crashes, we can't use software or tools to detect the machine at this time, and it is often a headache to maintain it.
1. Collapse is generally manifested as:
1) After power-on, the main engine is unresponsive, the power indicator goes out and the fan does not turn;
2) The system can't start normally, and the screen suddenly stops during the startup process;
3) The display screen is black when it is turned on or black when it is used;
4) The image is solidified and not updated, but the keyboard light can be turned on and off;
5) The keyboard is locked and there is no response;
6) The mouse can move normally but the host does not respond;
7) Abnormal interruption of software operation;
8) Blue screens often appear.
9) Frequently report memory errors or overflows.
How can we quickly solve the fault and get the machine back to normal work?
Two. Fault performance
Specifically, the crash phenomenon can be divided into hardware and software. ：
1 hardware
Hardware-induced crashes often include: unstable mains voltage, too low or too high output voltage of host power supply, too high chassis temperature, too high memory temperature, too high cpu temperature, overclocking, interference, peripheral failure, poor contact of board card, poor contact of data line connected between host and peripheral, etc.
(1) The power supply voltage is unstable.
The working range of computer voltage is generally between 180v and 240 V. When the voltage is lower than 180 V, the output voltage of the switching power supply is too low or protected, and the host is easy to restart or automatically shut down. When the voltage is higher than 240v, the input voltage of the commercial power exceeds the allowable working range of the host power supply. However, due to the discrete components of the circuit, the power supply may not be protected at this time, and the output of the secondary power supply may be too high, which may also cause a crash.
(2) The main power supply is not completely damaged.
When the internal circuit of the host power supply is damaged, the voltage output may be biased or the current output may be insufficient, resulting in insufficient effective load rate, and then the crash phenomenon will also occur. At present, the switching power supply used by computer host mostly adopts tl494 or similar pwm control chip, and the comparator generally adopts lm339 or lm393 to control and judge whether the host sends out switching signals. When the chip fails, it will appear that after we short-circuit the green line and the black line with wires (some books require the use of 100o resistor, which is actually unnecessary, and the internal circuit of the power supply has been connected in series with a resistor of about 2k, even if the short-circuit current is only a few milliamps), the fan of the power supply works, and the output voltage of each channel is basically normal when measured with a multimeter. But the power supply can't work normally after it is connected to the circuit. This is mainly caused by the voltage sampling error after the chip is damaged, so it can't carry a heavy load, so just replace the chip of the same model.
I once met a famous brand switching power supply. After about a year and a half of use, the host often crashes or can't start. Finally, I checked the switching power supply, and found that the output of +5V was as high as 5.86v, while ++ 12v was only 9.9v It was strange that such a power supply didn't crash. Fortunately, the motherboard was not burned out.
(3) poor heat dissipation of the chassis
Too much dust in the chassis can also cause the system to crash. Dust is the enemy of computers. Too much dust on the surface of cpu, chip and fan will lead to poor heat dissipation or poor contact of these components. At the same time, the dust on the printed circuit board often leads to short circuit in wet environment. Both situations will lead to collapse. This kind of situation is common in some old computers that are turned on after one or two years, and there is no response or "beep" when they are turned on, and they often crash after summer.
Because the temperature sensor of piv computer cpu is integrated in the cpu, its temperature measurement is accurate, so the cpu temperature is generally about 50℃ when it is turned on, which is much higher than the detection temperature of socket 370 cpu (about 30℃). However, due to the high calorific value of pivcpu, when selecting the cpu fan, the corresponding cpu fan must be selected according to the type of cpu, so as to avoid the situation of small horse-drawn carts, otherwise the machine will continue to crash.
Solution: We can sweep away the dust with a brush, and then clean up the ash tip of the board with a hair dryer (cold air stall).
Attention: Don't leave the hair and cotton of brushes and cotton swabs on the circuit boards and components, which will become the new crash source. If we can clean up the dust inside the host and monitor once a year, our love machine will not go on strike for no reason.
(4) overclocking
Many diy friends like to improve the performance of their computers by overclocking, so that they can do more with less money. But there are also great hidden dangers: it may cause a crash, or it may cause the complete scrapping of cpu, memory and hard disk.
I had an overclocking experience, and the motherboard of 66 band was hard overclocked by 83 band. It worked well at first. Just when I was complacent about my little experiment, two days later, when I was running, I was suddenly prompted that I couldn't find my hard disk. I didn't care at first, but it became more and more frequent, and finally I couldn't find the hard disk in cmos. Especially now the integration of p4cpu is getting higher and higher, and some of them have adopted 0.09 micron wire. When we overclock, it is easy to cause excessive attenuation of electrons inside the cpu, and finally the connecting wire is completely broken, resulting in cpu scrapping.
(5) motherboard jumper error
(6) The peripheral internal circuit is damaged
When the internal circuit of peripheral devices, such as monitors, printers, M, etc. , damaged, they will short-circuit their corresponding ports after connecting to the host. At this time, the host will not pass the self-test or cause power protection. Some engraving machines power on the programmer first, and then power on the host computer, and then the host computer won't start.
(7) The data line connected to the peripheral is in poor contact.
When the data line connection between the peripheral and the host is loose, it may also cause data interruption or error in the transmission process, and it may also lead to irregular machine crash.
(8) Poor hardware quality or counterfeit goods and parallel imports.
(9) Accidental damage
During maintenance, we did not let static electricity or lightning current enter the host through unprotected power supply and modem telephone line, which damaged the power supply, motherboard, modem and various internal and external equipment. Sometimes, after accidental damage, there are no obvious signs of burning and cracking on the surface of the parts. At this time, it can only be judged by testing the quality of each component of the host by exchange method and plug-in method.
(10) interference
Now there are many household appliances at home, especially inverter air conditioners, washing machines, induction cookers and so on. These appliances radiate a lot of electromagnetic waves into the air when they work. If the computer is nearby, there may be inexplicable crashes or blue screens. At this time, we'd better try to change the computer.
(1 1) Memory is corrupted or incompatible.
2. Software
There are many failures caused by software crash, such as viruses, driver installation errors, driver conflicts with the system or other software, cmos settings errors, incorrect configuration of config.sys or autoexec.bat, lost or damaged files loaded by win.ini or system.ini files, too many loaded programs, too few remaining system resources, etc.
(1) virus
Generally speaking, the machine can run normally at first, and then one day it suddenly slows down, resulting in frequent crashes. At this time, we must first use the latest anti-virus software to carry out anti-virus to determine whether the machine has been infected with the virus. Nowadays, computer viruses emerge one after another, and most of them tend to spread through the network. So when surfing the Internet, you must install network antivirus software and close some open ports that are not commonly used.
(2) Driver installation error
When the hardware driver is installed incorrectly or the hardware driver itself has a bug, it will also cause a crash. At this time, it is necessary to check whether the installed hardware driver matches the hardware model or the core chip model. If possible, download the latest driver of this hardware from the Internet.
(3) cmos setting error
(The config.sys or autoexec.bat file is not configured correctly.
(the file to be loaded in win. The ini and system.ini files are missing or corrupted.