Plateau permafrost is known as the plateau railroad "killer", the construction of railroads in the permafrost area has been a worldwide engineering problem. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the world's highest altitude, low latitude, the area of the largest perennial permafrost distribution area, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway to cross up to 550 kilometers of perennial permafrost area, accounting for almost half of the total length of the line. In order to solve the problem of "permafrost", the railroad builders actively explore and establish the design of active cooling, cooling foundation and protecting permafrost, insist on scientific research and test first, and adopt the complete set of permafrost technical measures mainly including stone slice air-cooled roadbed, rubble berm, road protection, crossing special adverse permafrost sections, etc., which enriches the technical measures of permafrost and improves the quality of perennial permafrost railway project construction. The quality of railroad construction in permafrost for many years. With the successful completion of permafrost roadbed, tundra bridge, culvert, tunnel, pipeline and other projects, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is also known as the "world museum of permafrost engineering".
In order to open as soon as possible to bring happiness and good fortune to the people of Qinghai and Tibet "heavenly road", the Qinghai-Tibet Railway builders to stick to the plateau, and strive to attack, but the unique plateau environment does pose a great threat to the builders' health, life safety and labor capacity. Working on the plateau will lead to the decline of human body functions, and if the lack of oxygen is serious, it will trigger acute life-threatening plateau diseases such as pulmonary edema and cerebral edema. Under the harsh environment of high cold and lack of oxygen, strong ultraviolet radiation and lack of drinking water, it is a severe test for the construction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway to ensure that the railroad construction army can go up, stand steadily and work well. In order to ensure the life and health of the builders, the railroad department carries out the principle of "prevention as the mainstay, combining prevention and treatment", and establishes a strict hygiene guarantee system and a scientific hygiene guarantee system in the process of construction. The Ministry of Railways has established the first plateau disease prevention and treatment center in the whole road in Golmud, and has set up a three-tier medical protection system on the whole line. In the peak year of construction, *** the establishment of 144 three-level medical institutions, equipped with more than 3,900 sets of conventional medical equipment, set up 17 large-scale oxygen stations, the purchase of hyperbaric oxygen chamber 25, the formation of the entire line to quickly and effectively treat the critically ill patients with a complete medical network.