In this way, the contradiction between the two parties is no longer the main contradiction. Chairman Mao and the CPC Central Committee adjusted their Taiwan policy in time and extended an olive branch to Chiang Kai-shek three times in an effort to promote "the third cooperation between countries." Chiang Kai-shek also secretly sent people to Beijing to find out China's sincerity. It was not until 1965 that he finally made a substantive response.
Chiang Kai-shek invited Jiang Jingguo and patriot Cao Juren to hold secret talks on the peace talks proposed by China. During the discussion, Chiang Kai-shek put forward six conditions for peace talks. Chairman Mao agreed immediately after receiving it.
So, what kind of conditions did Chiang Kai-shek put forward? Why didn't Chiang Kai-shek return to the mainland when Chairman Mao agreed?
1953, the Korean battlefield was cleared, 1954, the Geneva conference was held, and 1955, the Bandung conference was held, all of which showed that peace and development have become people's aspirations. At that time, Chinese mainland was committed to pulling this war-torn country out of the mire. In order to promote peace and seek development, the * * * production party's Taiwan policy has been adjusted from simply resorting to force to fighting for peace by force. Although Chiang Kai-shek, who was born in ten years and studied in ten years, was unwilling to take sides with Wang Ye and planned to counterattack the mainland, he still had national justice. Faced with the wolf ambition of the United States to concoct "one China, one Taiwan" in an attempt to split China, the interests of all countries are the same. Because of the same interests, the top leaders of the two parties have opened secret exchanges for more than ten years.
Speaking of these ten years, I have to mention two people, shuttling between the two parties, trying to build a bridge of dialogue. These two people, one is Zhang and the other is Zhang.
1956 In the spring, under the arrangement of the Prime Minister, Zhang came to Hong Kong from Beijing with a letter from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to Chiang Kai-shek, and entrusted the then president of Hong Kong Times to give this significant letter to Chiang Kai-shek. And Zhang are fellow villagers and like-minded friends, and the chairman also understands and trusts the patriotic spirit. At the same time, Xu Xiaoyan was Chiang Kai-shek's secretary and a senior official of the Kuomintang government. He had the opportunity to meet Chiang Kai-shek. In this way, Xu Xiaoyan became an emissary between the two parties. Did not live up to this great trust, sent this letter to Chiang Kai-shek and reported his conversation with Zhang.
In his letter, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China advocated the third cross-strait cooperation through Kuomintang-Communist negotiations, and put forward four specific measures for cross-strait reunification: first, except for diplomacy, personnel arrangements and military and political power in Taiwan Province Province were under Chiang Kai-shek's unified management; Second, if the funds for economic construction in Taiwan Province Province are insufficient, the central government can allocate subsidies; Third, the social reform in Taiwan Province Province slowed down before the conditions were ripe, and it also respected Chiang Kai-shek's opinions and negotiated with people from all walks of life in Taiwan Province Province; Fourth, China and the United States should ensure that they do nothing to undermine each other, so as to facilitate the resumption of cooperation between the two sides. These four points, together with the general program of "Taiwan Province Province must be reunified with China", were called "four goals and one program", which became the embryonic form of the later "one country, two systems" policy.
Chiang Kai-shek read the letter for half an hour. There is a sentence at the end of the letter, "The tomb of Fenghua is still there, and the flowers and plants in Xikou are intact." This sentence made Chiang Kai-shek burst into tears. In the early 1950s, it was widely rumored that the tomb of Chiang Kai-shek's mother was destroyed. This letter brought great surprise and comfort to Chiang Kai-shek. Perhaps I didn't expect Chairman Mao to be so generous. Perhaps it was the invitation in the letter that he hoped to visit his hometown, which aroused his nostalgia for his hometown. After reading the letter, Chiang Kai-shek was silent for a long time. After that, he said quietly to Xu Xiaoyan, "It's hard, you go."
After thinking about it for more than a year,1April, 957, at the suggestion of Xu Xiaoyan, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Song Yishan, Song Xilian's younger brother, to visit relatives (Song Xilian was held in the War Criminals Management Office after being captured by the People's Liberation Army) and arrived in Beijing via Hong Kong to further explore China's true intentions. Premier Zhou Enlai met Song Yishan at Beijing Dongxinglou Hotel. Song came here frankly and replied meaningfully: "We are all a family! When negotiating in Chongqing after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Mr. Jiang said that during the Great Revolution, comrades of the two parties met in the same room and ate from the same pot. I hope we can cooperate again. "
In this conversation, Zhou Enlai praised Song Xilian to Song Yishan as an anti-Japanese star. In the battle commanded by Huitong Bridge in western Yunnan, he hit the Japanese hard and the people will never forget his contribution. In addition, he offered to let Song Yishan visit Song Xilian, who is about to celebrate his 50th birthday. After some conversation, Song Yishan saw the mind and goodwill of the producer.
Soon, under the arrangement, Li, director of the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee, discussed with Song Yishan and put forward four specific conditions for cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party: (65,438+0) the two parties can achieve peaceful reunification through reciprocal negotiations; (2) Taiwan Province Province can enjoy a high degree of autonomy as an autonomous region directly under the central government; (3) The political power of Taiwan Province Province is still under the leadership of Chiang Kai-shek, and the China government does not send people to participate, while the Kuomintang can send people to Beijing to participate in the leadership of the central government; (4) American troops withdraw from the Taiwan Province Strait.
After Song Yishan returned to Hong Kong, he wrote a report of more than 65,438 words and gave it to Chiang Kai-shek. In this report, Song Yishan praised the development of the mainland. Chiang Kai-shek, who was suspicious by nature, thought that Song Yishan was "red" and was greatly unhappy. Coupled with the mainland at this time, the anti-rightist struggle has begun. Chiang Kai-shek thought that the time for peace talks was not yet ripe, so he suspended further contacts.
1July, 956 16, Zhou Enlai listened to Cao Juren's music in the Summer Palace. At the banquet, Zhou Enlai told Cao Juren: "We are not surrendering to Taiwan Province Province, but discussing with each other. As long as the political power is unified, other things can sit down and discuss with each other. " In the afternoon, Zhou Enlai, Chen Yi and Cao Juren went boating in Kunming Lake. In the play, Cao Juren asked Zhou Enlai: "How much practical value is there in the face of your promised peaceful liberation?" Zhou Enlai replied: "The actual value and face value of peaceful liberation are exactly the same."
On October 3rd, 65438/KLOC-0, Cao Juren was received by Chairman Mao in Zhongnanhai. That day coincided with Indonesian President Su Jianuo's visit to China. Many party and state leaders greeted him, but Chairman Mao waited for Cao Juren in Zhongnanhai. Explain that he attaches importance to cross-strait peace talks.
During the meeting, Mao Zedong affirmed the role of Chiang Kai-shek in some historical periods and expressed the hope to shake hands with Chiang Kai-shek again.
1957 In May, Cao Juren visited the mainland again at the behest of Chiang Kai-shek. This mission is mainly to visit the tomb of Jiang Jiazu in Fenghua, Zhejiang. Cao Juren came to Xikou Town, Fenghua, and stayed for a long time in Fenghaolou, where Chiang Kai-shek lived, and Wenchang Pavilion, where Jiang Jingguo lived, and visited Chiang Kai-shek's mother's grave on behalf of his father and son. And take photos one by one, which can be described as dedication.
After returning to Hong Kong, Cao Juren immediately reported his trip to the mainland to Chiang Kai-shek and sent photos. Cao Juren wrote in the letter: "The Zunfu Courtyard is as clean as ever, which shows that the authorities have maintained it satisfactorily." Regarding the cemetery of Jiang's mother and Mrs. Mao, he wrote: "As can be seen from the photos, this is enough to comfort the hearts of the elderly." And attached a letter to talk about my views on the re-cooperation between the two sides.
Two trips to the mainland made Cao Juren of Courier show admiration and praise for the openness of the mainland.
However, Chiang Kai-shek was not as enthusiastic as Cao Juren. The Kuomintang adopted an attitude of not letting Cao Juren give up, and did not make a specific statement on the negotiations. There is still no concrete hope for the third cooperation between countries.
With the deepening of American involvement, Chiang Kai-shek got into an increasingly big political dilemma in Taiwan Province Province. /kloc-in the summer of 0/965, Li Zongren returned to the mainland from the United States and was warmly received by the central authorities. This greatly dispelled Chiang Kai-shek's ill feelings towards the * * * production party.
In the same year, when Chairman Mao once again proposed "the third national cooperation", Chiang Kai-shek and his son finally took action. Jiang Jingguo went to Hongkong to meet Cao Juren, and went to Taibei to discuss peace talks. At Chiang Kai-shek's official residence in Taipei, the Chiang family held secret talks with Cao Juren. After several discussions, six understandings were reached:
1. Chiang Kai-shek returned to the mainland with his former headquarters, and he can settle in any province except Zhejiang Province, and he is still the chairman of the Kuomintang. Beijing suggested that Tang Muyi (the official residence and office of the Chief Executive of Taiwan Province Province in Chinese mainland) be located in Lushan Mountain, Jiangxi Province.
2. Jiang Jingguo is the governor of Taiwan Province Province. In addition to handing over diplomatic and military affairs to Taiwan Province Province, Beijing only insists on land to the tiller in agriculture, and other government affairs are completely handled by the Taiwan provincial government, with a term of 20 years, and negotiations will be held after the expiration.
3. Taiwan Province Province shall not accept any assistance from the United States. If there are financial difficulties, Beijing will allocate subsidies according to the amount supported by the United States.
4. The navy and air force of Taiwan Province Province were merged into the control of Beijing. The army was downsized into four divisions, one of which was stationed in Xiamen and Kinmen, and three divisions were stationed in Taiwan Province Province.
Xiamen and Kinmen merged into a free city as a buffer and contact area between Beijing and Taipei. The mayor of this city is also the commander of the garrison. This teacher was appointed by Taipei with the consent of Beijing. His qualification should be lieutenant general, politically accepted by Beijing.
6. The rank and benefits of the current officials in Taiwan Province Province will remain unchanged. People's living security can only be improved, not reduced. Cao Juren and Chiang's father and son settled these six conditions in Sun Moon Lake, and immediately returned to Hong Kong to report the negotiation and the six conditions to the producers in China.
When the conditions arrived in Beijing, Chairman Mao immediately promised Chiang Kai-shek all the conditions and invited Chiang Kai-shek to Beijing for a detailed interview.
However, the weather is not beautiful. Ten years of turmoil in Chinese mainland once again put the cause of peaceful reunification of the motherland in the foreseeable future.
Heaven and earth turn, and time waits for no one. In the 1970s, with the expulsion of KMT representatives from the United Nations, the Sino-US Shanghai Joint Communique was published, and Sino-Japanese relations improved. The Kuomintang government looked south at Julian Waghann year after year and never returned to the sky. Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou once again put the peaceful settlement of the Taiwan Province issue on the agenda.
At this time, Cao Juren died in 1972. When the party and the country were employing people, Zhang, who was 90 years old, fell from his hospital bed and suffered a fracture, which made it inconvenient to move and volunteered to participate in the war again. After careful consideration, the chairman thinks that Zhang's role is irreplaceable. With the consent of Zhang's family, he sent a special plane to Hong Kong in May 1973.
However, all care failed to protect the elderly. In late June, Zhang fell ill easily. Before the medical team sent by the Central Committee arrived in Hong Kong, it was convenient for him to die in July 1 year.
Zhang is too old to forget his motherland. Although he was here, he died before he could conquer, and his activities in Hong Kong had a great influence.
Maybe he knows that his time has passed, maybe he is old and no longer proud of the world ambitions of those years. He is a little more affectionate, perhaps out of consideration for the future of Taiwan Province Province. 1in the spring of 975, Chiang Kai-shek handed over the task of reopening negotiations between China and Chen Lifu.
However, in April of 1975, Chiang Kai-shek died suddenly, and a year and a half later, Chairman Mao also died. Two destiny takes a hand's people, the last two people can't see the ideal they are fighting for shining into reality.
However, the historical process is regrettable, and the dream of reunification has never been out of date! The great cause of rejuvenation was passed on to our generation. State affairs, not just state affairs, will be shared by all of us. Defamation, rebellion and brainwashing ... anti-China forces and separatist forces are among the people. As a national, I only hope that my compatriots and Qi Xin will work together to shoulder the great cause of the reunification and rejuvenation of the motherland!