Environment and Light Pollution
I. Background of the topic:
With the development of modern cities, a new kind of pollution has appeared - light pollution, which has become an environmental nuisance in the city nowadays, and affects people's physical and mental health. And this light pollution is caused by reflective, anti-heat building materials, such as the glass curtain wall of some buildings. In the afternoon at about 2 to 4 o'clock refraction of the sunlight right on the highway, the driver's line of sight is interfered with, there are potential safety hazards. In Shenzhen, there are also such problems, especially in busy areas of the high-rise reflective reflective glass curtain wall, therefore, the group in the city's busy areas of investigation and research, to carry out the "light pollution" subject research.
Second, the purpose of the subject:
1. Recognize and understand the knowledge of light pollution.
2. Investigate the light pollution in the city and make suggestions.
3.To learn to unite and cooperate, to learn to explore and study the knowledge.?
Three, the subject of the research process and method:
1. Finding information: looking on the Internet, looking through books and newspapers. Collect information.
(1) Light pollution is divided into artificial light and natural light, which are harmful to human body.
(2) How do people react to the color of light.
(3) How light pollution is harmful to various groups of people.
2. Fieldwork
(1) Interviews with pedestrians and drivers.
(2) Photographs are used for factual records.
3. Summarize and organize
(1) Organize the information and analyze the content.
(2) Make a web page.
Four, research results and analysis:
1. Light pollution and its hazards
According to the explanation of environmental science, light pollution is a phenomenon in which excessive light radiation, ultraviolet radiation, and infrared radiation have adverse effects on human health, human life and working environment.
(1) Glare?
The common type of light radiation that causes light pollution is glare. Glare refers to the range of light brightness in the field of vision is not appropriate, in space or time there is an extreme contrast of light brightness, so as to cause discomfort or reduce the visibility of the visual phenomenon, the light pollution of the glass curtain wall is due to its reflection of sunlight, lights and other light is too strong to cause glare. Glare makes people's eyesight decline and rapid fatigue, glare pollution in daily life
There are many, such as night oncoming car headlights glare will make the light stimulation of drivers and pedestrians control is reduced, it is easy to danger and so on.
(2) Natural light
Natural light is mainly from solar radiation. Sunlight mainly has ultraviolet, infrared and visible light. And light pollution is the radiation of excessive light, ultraviolet radiation, can cause adverse effects on human health, human life and work environment. Such as: excessive irradiation by ultraviolet rays in sunlight, will cause solar dermatitis, will make the exposed parts of the human body red, swollen, blisters in severe cases, the affected part of the burning, itching or pain; when the condition is serious, it can be accompanied by discomfort, fever, nausea and accelerated heartbeat, long-term sun exposure to excessive sunlight will cause chronic damage, long-term exposure to sunlight, ultraviolet light can induce skin cancer. But moderate sun exposure is necessary.
(3) reflected sunlight
Reflected sunlight, this light pollution is the most serious in the city. For example, the city's buildings, although the glass curtain wall is mainly, is very beautiful, but behind the beautiful but lurks a killing machine, it brings a lot of dangers to the people around, such as: make normal cellular decay, blood pressure, anxious and hot and other undesirable symptoms, but also can make people's eyesight decline especially glare.
(4) artificial light
Artificial light means that our daily use of electric lights, dance halls with colored lights and so on. In the ballroom, we see the lights are colorful and beautiful, but you know how much harm it can do? A variety of colored lights is one of the sources of light pollution. Although the colored lights can strongly stimulate the senses, while stimulation can also be sick cells, make people's eyes uncomfortable, affecting the human central nervous system, people produce dizziness, unsteady feeling, long-term in this light will cause headaches, blindness, loss of appetite. In addition, scientific research has shown that colored light can give people psychological pressure, different colors have different degrees of psychological pressure.
(5)Colored light psychological pressure index
Light color white light yellow light green light blue light violet light red light black light
Pressure index 100 113 133 152 155 155 158 187
(6)Light pollution how to lead to nearsightedness
As a student, we are subject to the hazards of light pollution is even more serious, and the modern student myopia There is a rising trend of myopia among modern students, of which the essential reason is light pollution. Students use desk lamps, light quality is divided into infrared light, ultraviolet light. Infrared light is easily absorbed by water, and about 80% of the human eye is water, long-term absorption of infrared light will make the eye tissue mutation; Ultraviolet light has a penetrating power, killing power, long-term exposure to ultraviolet radiation, eye cell damage. Light pollution from desk lamps can cause fatigue and damage to the eyes, which can cause vision loss.
2. Prevention and control of light pollution and recommendations
(1) In areas where light pollution is more serious, you can plant more trees, trees can reduce the intensity of light pollution, thus reducing the impact and harm of light pollution on the human body.
(2) Buildings in areas with heavy traffic should use less or no reflective and anti-heat building materials, and it is better to use non-reflective and non-anti-heat building materials.
(3) Residential areas do not use reflective, anti-heat building materials, because it will directly jeopardize people's health, living habits.
(4) If reflective building materials are used for exterior walls, there should be an automatic turning reflective system. Such as: two buildings separated by a certain distance and opposite, if the sunlight from the opposite direction of the building shot over, then the building's reflective facade through the automatic reflective system to adjust a certain angle, shot to another building and then through the automatic reflective system, the light reflected back to the sky, the feasibility of this idea can be, but according to the current level of science and technology to complete the system is impossible, it requires high-tech and high energy consumption, therefore, this idea is possible. High energy consumption, so this idea can only be realized in the future.
(5)Modern society advocates the use of new energy, and solar energy is one of them, we can use the sun's high thermal energy to generate electricity, in some highland areas are irradiated by the sun all year round, we have installed solar energy into electrical energy instruments, the same way we can also be installed on high-rise buildings such instruments will be solar energy into electrical energy, one can make the world's carbon dioxide pollution Firstly, it will reduce the carbon dioxide pollution in the world, because by utilizing solar energy to generate electricity, we can reduce the deforestation of vegetation and also reduce the amount of coal burning. Secondly, it can reduce the electricity bill for this building, and even sell the electricity back to the power generation company, and at the same time, it can bring the right indoor temperature to the people who work in this building, which is not hot in summer and not cold in winter.
(6) of the glass curtain wall has produced light pollution, experts suggest that other remedies can be taken, such as the replacement of new matte facade building materials or light pollution affected by the place to increase light insulation measures.
(7) At present, China has not yet legislated on light pollution. With the development of society, the municipal government should develop laws on light pollution. For example, how to use reflective, anti-heat building materials, with restrictions on its use; how to improve the areas of serious light pollution, etc.. In line with the current stage of our country, the development of effective laws to improve the modern city and international metropolis light pollution, so as to ensure the health of the people here.