Shenzhen Port is located in the southern part of the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong Province, with eight port areas, including Shekou, Chiwan, Mawan, Dongjiaotou, Yantian, Fuyong Airport, Sha Yu Chong and Neihe.
1, Shekou Port
Shekou Port is one of the largest transshipment centers in China, located at the southern end of Shekou Peninsula in Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, and is an important distribution center and transshipment port in South China.
2, Chiwan Port
Chiwan Port in the western part of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, the tip of the Nantou Peninsula, located on the east coast of the Pearl River Estuary, longitude 113 ° 53', latitude 22 ° 28' near the north, 20 nautical miles from Hong Kong. It is 20 nautical miles from Hong Kong, 50 nautical miles from Zhuhai and Macau, and about 150 kilometers from Guangzhou by water and land. Chiwan Port is surrounded by mountains on three sides, a "U" shaped harbor, close to the deep water channel, multi-modal transportation is complete, is a river ships and ocean-going deep water ships can berth in the estuary of the good port.
3, Shenzhen Mawan Port
The port area is mainly engaged in bulk cargo, liquid chemical products, oil and coal. Ma Wan port area facing the Pearl River Alum deep water channel, mainly rising tidal current, less sand, natural water depth of 9 to 14 meters in the port area.
4, Dongjiaotou
Dongjiaotou waterborne transportation port, the location of the western part of Shenzhen City, Nantou Peninsula, was established in March 1985, January 1987, approved by the State for the opening of the port. Wharf design capacity of 500,000 tons.
5, Shenzhen Yantian Port Group Co., Ltd. formerly known as "Shenzhen Dongpeng Industrial Company Limited", was established on February 26, 1985, November 15, 1994 began to use the current company name "Shenzhen Yantian Port Group Co. ", is authorized by the Shenzhen Municipal Government to operate a wholly state-owned limited liability company, Shenzhen State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission holds a 100% stake in the company.
6, Shenzhen Airport Fuyong Terminal
It is located in the southwest corner of Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport, only 2 kilometers from the new terminal (about 5 minutes by car), land and Bao'an Avenue, Guangzhou-Shenzhen Expressway along the river and the Jihe Expressway, the waterway from Hong Kong and Macao is about 70 minutes away from Hong Kong Airport Terminal is about 40 minutes away from the voyage.
Main business: loading and unloading, cargo storage, intermodal transportation services, supply of ships outbound, sales of hardware, department stores, knitwear, building materials, container door-to-door repairs, property management, housing leasing, and engaging in advertising business.
7, Shayuchong is a small Hakka fishing village in Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Kwai Chung Street Office of the Tuyang community under the Hakka, is located in the Shayuchong River out to sea on the south bank of the sea, out to sea on the south side of the beach is a beach, called Dongflu Beach. Sha Yu Chong is located at the mouth of a small river, the beach is about 200 meters long, the beach shore often moored small fishing boats.
8, river wharf
River wharf is the main loading and unloading of local building materials in the Shenzhen SAR wharf. Wharf coastline is 308 meters long, *** there are 11 berths, the maximum berthing capacity of 500 tons.
Expanded Information:
Shenzhen Port is located in the southern Pearl River Delta in Guangdong Province, the Pearl River estuary on the east coast of Lingdingyang, adjacent to Hong Kong. The world's ports are better known and famous, the city's 260 kilometers of coastline is divided by the Kowloon Peninsula into two major parts of the east and west.
Western port area is located in the Pearl River estuary on the east coast of the Lingdingyang, deep harbor wide, good natural barriers, 20 nautical miles from Hong Kong in the south, north to Guangzhou 60 nautical miles, by the Pearl River system can be connected with the Pearl River Delta water network area cities and counties, through the Hong Kong and the Diablo waterway can be reached by the domestic coast and the world's ports.
The eastern port area is located in Dapeng Bay, the depth of water in the bay -12 to -14 meters, open sea, calm winds and waves, is an excellent natural harbor in South China.
Shenzhen port's direct hinterland for the city of Shenzhen, Huizhou, Dongguan and part of the Pearl River Delta, the transshipment hinterland range including Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, northern Guangdong, Guangdong East, western Guangdong and Guangxi along the Beijing-Guangzhou and Beijing-Kowloon Railway on both sides of the Xijiang River.
Cargoes are mainly containerized, with fertilizers, grain, feed, sugar, steel, cement, timber, sand and gravel, petroleum, coal, and ores.
In 1999, Shenzhen's total foreign trade import and export exceeded the 50 billion U.S. dollars mark, reaching 50.4 billion U.S. dollars. 34 billion U.S. dollars: of which 28.2 billion U.S. dollars of foreign trade exports, a year-on-year increase of 6.5 percent. 11 billion dollars, an increase of 6.9% year-on-year. 9% year-on-year growth. Shenzhen's foreign trade exports, imports and imports and exports of the total three indicators have been seven consecutive years in the country's first large and medium-sized cities.? [1]?
In 2003, the cargo throughput was 112.2 million tons, an increase of 28% over 2002; container
throughput of 10.65 million TEUs, an increase of 39.8%. The container throughput was 10.65 million TEUs, an increase of 39.8%.
Shenzhen Port Authority announced on January 5, statistics show that in 2004 the port of Shenzhen cargo throughput reached 135 million tons, an increase of 20.5 percent. In 2004, the cargo throughput of Shenzhen port reached 135 million tons, an increase of 20.33%. The container throughput was 13.65 million TEUs, an increase of 28.22%, a net increase from the previous year. Container throughput was 13.65 million TEUs, an increase of 28.22%, a net increase of 3 million TEUs over the previous year, and continued to rank fourth among the world's ports.
To 2005, the Shenzhen port will be built 10 container berths, and the development and construction of Tonggu Channel; to 2010, the planning and construction of another 10 container berths, while the development and construction of Da Chan Bay container dedicated port area.
With the rapid development of Shenzhen port, Shenzhen port not only become a veritable container hub port in southern China, but also through the complementary advantages with the Hong Kong port, promote each other, and join hands to build the Asia-Pacific region international shipping center.
I. General Classification
(1) Basic Port (Base Port):
It is the port where the ships of liner companies are generally required to make regular calls as limited by the tariff schedule. Most of them are large ports located in the center, with good port facilities and stable cargo loads. By making it a basic port, there is no longer any restriction on the amount of cargo that can be carried.
To the basic port of the goods are generally direct transportation, without the need for transit. However, there are times when the volume of cargo is too small and the ship decides to make a transit, which is arranged by the ship itself and bears the cost of the transit. Freight shall be charged to the cargo party according to the basic port freight rate, and no transshipment surcharge or direct shipping surcharge shall be added. And shall issue a direct bill of lading.
(2) non-basic port (Non-Base Port):
Any port other than the basic port is called non-basic port. Non-base ports are generally in addition to the basic port charges, but also need to add a transshipment surcharge. When a certain amount of cargo is reached, the surcharge will be changed to a direct shipping surcharge.
For example, the New Guinea route to the port of Houniara (HONIARA), is the basic port of the Solomon Islands; and the port of Kieta (KIETA), is not the basic port. Freight rate of goods transported to the port of KIETA to be in the HONIARA freight rate on the basis of an increase in the transfer surcharge of 43.00 U.S. dollars (USD) / FT.
Two, according to the location of the classification
According to the location of the port can be divided into coastal ports, estuarine port and inland ports, coastal ports and estuarine ports collectively referred to as the seaport.
(1) estuary port
Located at the mouth of the river or the tidal influence of the estuary section of the river, can be both for the sea and river boat service. Generally have a large city as a backing, convenient land and water transportation, inland waterways are often deep into the vast economic hinterland of the mainland, bear a large amount of cargo flow, so many of the world's major ports are built near the mouth of the river, such as the Port of Rotterdam, the Port of London, the Port of New York, the Port of Leningrad, the Port of Shanghai and so on.
Estuary port is characterized by dock facilities along the riverbank, not far from the sea and do not need to build breakwaters, such as the shoreline length is not enough, can be added to dredge into the port pool.
(2) harbor
Located on the coast, bay or lagoon, there are also off the coast built in the deep water sea. Located in the open sea shore or natural cover is not enough in the bay of the harbor, usually have to build a considerable scale of the breakwater, such as Dalian Port, Qingdao Port, Lianyungang, Keelung Harbor, the Italian port of Genoa and so on.
For giant oil tankers or ore ships berthing single point or multi-point mooring wharf and island wharf belongs to the outer sea without cover seaports, such as Libya's Braga port, Lebanon's Sidon port and so on. The lagoon is completely or partially separated by a natural sand spit, and a harbor can be built on the lagoon shore after digging a canal or widening or deepening a channel, such as Beihai Harbor in Guangxi.
There are also large seaports that rely entirely on natural cover, such as the Port of Tokyo, the Port of Hong Kong, and the Port of Sydney in Australia.
(3) river port
Ports located on natural rivers or artificial canals, including lake ports and reservoir ports. Lakes and reservoirs harbor wide water surface, sometimes wind and waves, so there are many similarities with the seaport, such as often need to build breakwaters. Soviet Union Gubishev, Zimlyansk and other large reservoirs on the port and China's Hongze Lake on the small port are such.
Three, according to the status of classification
(1) international port
Ports berthing ships from all over the world ports are called international port. Such as the Chinese port of Shanghai and Dalian port, foreign Rotterdam and the port of London, etc. belong to this category.
(2) National ports
The ports that rely mainly on ships traveling to and from domestic ports are called national ports.
(3) regional ports
Ports that mainly rely on ships traveling to and from domestic ports in a certain region are called regional ports
Three functions
Ports have always played an important role in the economic development of a country. Transportation connects the world, and ports are an important link in transportation. Developed countries in the world generally have their own coastline and a more complete function of the port. The function of ports can be summarized as the following four aspects:
1. Logistics service function. The port should first of all for ships, cars, trains, airplanes, goods, containers to provide transit, loading and unloading and warehousing and other integrated logistics services, especially to improve multimodal transportation and circulation processing logistics services.
2. Information service function. Modern ports should not only provide users with market decision-making information and its counseling, but also to build the value-added services of the electronic data interchange (EDI) system network, to provide customers with order management, supply chain control and other logistics services.
3. Commercial function. The existence of the port is both the premise of commodity exchanges and the existence of domestic and foreign trade, but also promote their development. Modern ports should provide users with convenient transportation, commerce and financial services, such as agency, insurance, financing, freight forwarding, shipping agency, customs clearance and so on.
4. Industrial function. The establishment of modern logistics needs a platform with the function of integrating the elements of productivity. The port, as a point of convergence between the domestic market and the international market, has realized a comprehensive and large circulation from the traditional flow of goods to the flow of people, goods, commerce, capital, technology and information, and it is the gathering point of goods, capital, technology, talents and information.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Shenzhen Port
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