1, the technical threshold is generally low
Water treatment projects are basically more intuitive and easy to understand the results of the construction, technology imitation and the threshold of entry is generally low, the imitation does not require a lot of professional expertise, and spend more time pondering can often form some of their own improvements. Because of these characteristics, the industry emphasizes business over technology, and avoids risks through regulatory loopholes and business techniques when encountering technical problems. In addition, because of the low threshold, a large number of small environmental engineering companies have emerged.
2, easy to get started, proficient and difficult
Water treatment projects seem relatively simple, easy to copy, but the actual results of the project is often not good, and often appear to be just starting to run to transform the situation. Mainly because of the variability of water treatment, if the engineering design of the various elements of the assessment of insufficient, process design is not well thought out, the level of control of engineering and construction is not in place, the commissioning of the response to the lack of capacity, etc., will lead to poor engineering results.
Water treatment design, experience accounts for a very large proportion. As the most authoritative design based on the document design specifications, design parameters are often only recommended values and a very large range of values; and water treatment projects completed after the actual value of water and design values often appear large deviations, it is difficult to verify the rationality of the design parameters; for the units of technical personnel, access to the project is generally more than a single type of peer-to-peer exchanges are fewer opportunities, but also subject to the constraints of commercial confidentiality, the project experience is less. The way to get project experience is small. All of these constraints on the growth of technical staff design capabilities.
Good design needs to have a good ability to design a comprehensive ability based on good theoretical foundation and a large number of types of rich experience in a variety of engineering practices, the characteristics of the industry and market characteristics of the water treatment technology decided to start easy and proficient more difficult.
3, scientific research and the role of industry associations to be tapped
Applied scientific research to lead the development of technology, scientific research in the field of water treatment, the current focus of scientific research on the theoretical research, applied research and engineering design needs are not much connection. From the point of view of national policy is to encourage enterprises to participate in scientific research, in order to strengthen the proliferation of results, but the scientific research strength of the front-line personnel of the enterprise is weak, often in form. There is a lot of room for development in applied scientific research, and when done well, it can promote the level of technical application in the industry.
Industry associations are an important source of industry technology acquisition, for example, the German Association for Drainage Technology (ATV) regularly updates design specifications for wastewater treatment based on the latest research, providing industry design guidance. This design specification prepared by the industry association organization is very detailed and current, can greatly facilitate the designers for reference and use. Domestic similar guidelines on the guidance, China's industry associations in this regard there is a great potential to be tapped, for the industry to play a role in improving the level of design.
Second, the characteristics of the technical demand
Water treatment practitioners and technicians often have to be able to cope with different differences in technical support needs, has its distinctive characteristics.
1, water treatment involves a wide range of
Water treatment involves a wide range of broad categories, including the following categories:
(1) towns and villages to the water: urban water supply plants (surface water sources, groundwater sources), rural water treatment facilities.
(2) Urban and rural drainage: urban sewage plants, landfill leachate, rural drainage treatment facilities, including the disposal of urban sludge, etc.
(3) Industrial park sewage: a variety of different types of industrial park sewage treatment facilities, typically chemical parks, petrochemical parks, pharmaceutical parks, printing and dyeing parks.
(4) Industrial water supply and circulating water: conventional water supply, pure water, ultra-pure water, circulating water treatment, etc..
(5)Industrial wastewater: industrial wastewater treatment for various industries such as mining, food and beverage, textile, tanning, paper making, petroleum processing, chemical manufacturing, pharmaceutical manufacturing, metal smelting and so on.
Technicians often need to give technical support to different water treatment project needs, when the project is very different often separated from the line of work.
2, water treatment design involves a wide range of knowledge
Water treatment projects, process design is the leading professional, designers involved in holding a wide range of knowledge, mainly including:
(1) professional knowledge. Including the perception of water properties, reactors and reaction kinetics, physical and chemical treatment of wastewater, biological treatment principles, natural ecological treatment technology, sludge and odor treatment, hydraulic calculations.
(2) Equipment, Instrumentation and Materials. Including pumps, fans, valves and other commonly used equipment, grids, sludge skimming equipment, aeration and oxygenation equipment and other specialized equipment, as well as a variety of pressure, level, flow, water quality monitoring and other instrumentation, but also to the filler, chemicals and a variety of piping materials.
(3) the main process unit. Corresponding to the principle of the process, the need to understand the process unit, including grating, sand, regulation, precipitation, anaerobic, aerobic, filtration, membrane separation, ion exchange, advanced oxidation, ecological treatment technologies, including sludge disposal, odor treatment involves a variety of processes.
(4) program and drawing design. Need to express the design results through the text and drawings, including the program, research, preliminary design, construction drawings, etc., to be able to meet the national standardization of the results of the different phases and the depth of design requirements.
As a leading professional, process designers also need to understand the supporting specialties such as building structure, electrical automatic control of the basic knowledge.
3, the ability to require a high degree of comprehensive judgment
Water treatment projects in the poor controllability of incoming water is also required to be responsible for the end of the product water quality. In the design, to take full account of the variability of water quality, process reliability and operator characteristics and other factors, but also need to give full consideration to the economic indicators. Within the enterprise, in order to obtain a better overall efficiency, often also need to be combined with the enterprise's cleaner production.
Process designers also need to be responsible for working with the business, understanding business needs, combined with technical assistance for business judgment. These also require designers to have a good ability to make comprehensive judgments, so that the technical program to achieve a comprehensive balance of all aspects.
Three, good water treatment design
A project, from the beginning of the program to the final commissioning and acceptance, the design plays an important role in the main line. In the design process, the need for the project objectives, external conditions, process routes and parameters, equipment configuration specifications, etc., fully analyzed, comprehensive trade-offs, appropriate trade-offs, the results are simple and complex process. A good design should have the following characteristics: technically well-considered, economically rational, easy to construct, easy to operate and run management, with a certain degree of foresight. To make a good design, generally need to have the following conditions:
(1) good professional judgment. Whether it is the confirmation of the original conditions and requirements, or a reasonable assessment of the project objectives, including the determination of the project program and the implementation of the problem in the process of resolving the issue, all need to provide support for good professional judgment to ensure that the direction of the project will not deviate, to ensure that the project implementation is controllable. Professional judgment is an important core competency of the design team.
(2) A design team with solid basic skills. Any design is a design staff intellectual effort, from the program to the details of the design, all need to spend a lot of energy.
The designers involved in the design have good basic skills in order to compact every detail and make good design products.
(3) good communication and resilience. Water treatment in the uncertainty of water quality and quantity of water and changes in external conditions to the design of the project has brought great challenges, one of the most important work of the designers is to carry out adequate communication to confirm and make reasonable adjustments according to the changes. After the emergence of the situation outside the range of prediction, to have a good ability to adapt, especially to deal with the relationship between local changes and the overall.
(4) Good design habits and systems. Design is built up from one detail to another, good design habits can make each detail has its inherent consistency, to avoid systematic errors. In the design of the organization and management, the key links need to be fully controlled, in the time pressure to be able to distinguish between the key points, reasonable savings in the design cycle, a good design organization system is indispensable.
(5) Good professional ethics. For the designers, should provide more valuable design, process selection and equipment selection to respect its own characteristics, reasonable selection. Good professional ethics can make the design to meet the inherent needs of the project itself as the basic starting point, to achieve customer-centric.
Design is a very rigorous work, but at the same time is also a very lively creative process, a good design will give people a pleasing feeling.