Connotation of production safety standardization: it is an organic and important part of the standardization of all enterprises, is the introduction of production safety and extension of standardization work. Enterprises in the production and operation process, the implementation of full staff, the whole process, all-round, all-weather safety management, is to make the enterprise is always in a harmonious state of safety operation, and then ensure and promote the enterprise in the safe premise of healthy and rapid development.
Specifically, it is in the enterprise production and operation of all activities in the process, according to the state issued regulations, rules, standards, combined with the actual enterprise, the establishment of a scientific and strict internal technical standards, work standards, management standards, operational standards and other basic management work. These standards are fully implemented, production and operation activities are organized according to the standards, management activities are carried out according to the standards, operations are carried out according to the standards, and continuous improvement and self-improvement are carried out according to the standards in all aspects of the enterprise. At the same time, so that the activities of the enterprise and the work of each employee have "standards" to follow, are in the "standard" guidance and constraints on the work, to ensure the safety of life and health of employees to improve the quality of the enterprise's work, and thus enhance market The company's competitiveness will be enhanced by the improvement of the quality of work.
The main content of the standardized construction of production safety: objectives, organization and responsibilities, investment in production safety, laws and regulations and safety management system, education and training, production equipment and facilities, operational safety, hidden danger detection and management, monitoring of major sources of danger, occupational health, emergency rescue, reporting and investigation of accidents and treatment, performance evaluation and continuous improvement of the 13 aspects.
Evolution of the concept of enterprise production safety standardization
The concept of enterprise production safety standardization evolved from the concept of quality standardization proposed by the Ministry of Coal.
In 1986, the former Ministry of Coal, in order to alleviate the situation of frequent and increasing accidents in the coal industry, carried out the activity of "quality standardization and safety leveling" in the national coal industry, putting forward the idea that quality must be safety, aiming at promoting the safe production of the coal industry through quality standardization. 2003, the concept of safety and quality standardization was introduced in the State Safety Supervision and Regulation Administration (SSRA). In 2003, the concept of safety and quality standardization was put forward in the Guidance Opinions on Carrying Out Safety and Quality Standardization Activities in Coal Mines Across the Country issued by the State Administration of Safety Supervision and China Coal Industry Association, and in 2004, the State Council successively issued the Decision on Further Strengthening the Work on Work Safety and Guidance Opinions on Carrying Out Safety and Quality Standardized Activities, clarifying the requirements for safety and quality standardized activities, and strengthening the creation of safety and quality standardized work. , strengthening the creation of safety and quality standardization. After that, most industries (except the coal industry) gradually weakened the content of quality management and strengthened the construction of safety standardization in practice. During this period, the organization of the national safety supervision system became independent one after another, and in 2005, the former Ministry of Coal was renamed as the State Coal Mine Safety Supervision Bureau and merged into the State Administration of Work Safety which was upgraded to the General Administration, while the concept of enterprise production safety standardization was gradually clarified, and the construction of production safety standardization also showed the trend of systematization, standardization, and professionalization.
Safety quality standardization and production safety standardization are two concepts that are both related and different. The concept of safety production standardization, as mentioned above, and coal mine safety quality standardization is in the coal industry for many years on the basis of coal quality management standardization of the formation of the safety quality system. In short, production safety standardization focuses on "safety" and quality management standardization focuses on "quality". Production safety standardization is the result of recent years to strengthen and attach importance to the work of production safety, is the link of safety from the quality and safety activities divorced from the independent construction of production safety standardization.
Enterprises in the process of creating a complete set of basic processes to establish and maintain production safety standardization, that is, the PDCA cycle, the use of "planning (plan), implementation (do), check (check), improve (action)" dynamic cycle of the model. Of course, safety production can not be left aside from the existing management of the enterprise, if the standardization of production safety and other management is completely separate, it is bound to cause operational difficulties. So our best method is to integrate the enterprise safety production standardization construction with other management of the enterprise, and become an integral part of the overall management of the enterprise.
Enterprise production safety standardization construction of the role
To carry out enterprise production safety standardization construction is of great significance, its main role has four major aspects:First, the enterprise production safety situation has changed significantly. Enterprises in the standardization process, in accordance with national and industry standards, through the establishment of enterprise production safety management bodies, equipped with production safety management personnel, strengthen personnel training, improve rules and regulations and operating procedures, improve equipment and facilities and the operating environment, etc., so that the person in charge of the enterprise, practitioners from the feeling of production safety work has been a big change, so that the awareness of production safety has been significantly increased, "I want to be safe", "I want to be safe". "I want to be safe" has become a conscious action. Secondly, the enterprise production safety management is obviously standardized. Through the laws and regulations, rules and regulations of the study and analysis of various cases; clear at all levels, all types of personnel production safety responsibilities, in accordance with the standard management of more, in accordance with the standard operation of more, in accordance with the standard of mutual reminder of more, consciously comply with the laws and regulations of more, in the past, will not manage, unwilling to manage, dare not manage the phenomenon has been a good change, "three violations The phenomenon of "three violations" has been significantly reduced, and the production safety management of enterprises is becoming more standardized. Third, the enterprise safety production investment increased significantly. According to national standards and industry standards, equipment and facilities are timely maintenance, maintenance and replacement; all kinds of safety signs and markings more clearly; labor protective equipment equipped with the use of more standardized; safety production culture more atmosphere, the past equipment is old, protection failure, pipeline connection, incomplete signs, stacking the phenomenon of incomplete to get a better change, the enterprise's essential safety production level has been improved. Fourthly, the production safety accidents of enterprises have been obviously reduced. Through the standardized construction, enterprises continue to improve, on time for equipment and facilities testing and inspection, according to the law on the training of employees, and constantly investigate and manage all kinds of accidents and hidden dangers, production safety accidents have dropped significantly.
Eminent problems in the construction of enterprise production safety standardization
(I) Lack of laws and regulations related to enterprise production safety standardization construction As mentioned in the previous section, the sources of legal norms for enterprise production safety standardization construction are few and scattered.
Since China currently has no written law specifically on the construction of enterprise production safety standardization, only in the production safety law and other sectoral laws have sporadic relevant provisions, a large number of enterprise production safety construction work is based on policy documents to carry out, in terms of the main body of the legislation, the hierarchy from the top down, including the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee, the State Council and its subordinate departments, etc.; in terms of the legislative form of laws, administrative regulations, departments and ministries, and so on. In terms of the form of legislation, there are laws, administrative regulations, departmental regulations, etc., and the mouth often guides the work of various types of policy documents, more provisions, notices, methods, implementation details, opinions and other varied names. Although our country is a one-dimensional multi-level legal system, the laws and regulations should be well articulated, harmonious and unified, but due to several sectoral legislation were enacted before the production safety law, for the standardization of a few sporadic provisions of the few revisions, different laws and regulations have contradictions between the various legislation needs to be improved.
All kinds of policy documents are more in the actual operation of all kinds of problems, due to the supervision of the relevant government departments is not the use of legal means but a large number of administrative acts, accustomed to the use of policy documents, and policy documents lack of stability and authority of the law, is not conducive to the long-term development of the construction of production safety standardization. Enterprise production safety standardization construction of legislation has become a bottleneck for the continued development of this work. This situation is also part of the enterprise only focus on the immediate interests, do not count on long-term development, not willing to increase the capital investment in production safety and management efforts, so the current situation of production safety in China is still quite serious.
(ii) enterprise safety standardization construction of comprehensive incentives and constraints mechanism has not been formed at present, enterprise safety standardization construction work, there is no law and regulations to support, relying on policy measures alone is not strong enough, comprehensive incentives and constraints mechanism has not been able to form. Some regional regulatory functions feel that there is no legal support, the work of the grip is not enough, supervision and management and administrative law enforcement in the basis of insufficient, at the same time and face a lack of personnel and funds, appeared to be afraid of the situation. For enterprises that do not meet the standard and are not active in meeting the standard, the constraints are not sound, of course, not to mention the strength of the penalty. Therefore, the enterprise safety standardization construction work in various parts of the progress is not balanced, the leadership attaches importance to the region to make faster progress, and vice versa is slow. Although the leaders attach importance to the work is the key to success, but rely on the will of the leadership is not conducive to the long-term development of the work. It is no laws and regulations can be based on, some areas of enterprise safety standardization construction as an activity, a movement, the lack of long-term intentions and considerations, or as a voluntary act of the enterprise, the construction of the work of negligent supervision, the lack of unified leadership. As Deng Xiaoping said about democracy and the rule of law, "Democracy must be institutionalized and legalized, so that such systems and laws do not change because of changes in leaders, or because of changes in the views and attention of leaders".9 Therefore, the legislation on the standardization of work safety construction should be based on the principle of "territorial management and sub-industry supervision". Therefore, legislation on enterprise safety standardization construction work, according to the "local management, sub-industry supervision" principle, so that the relevant government departments have a law to follow, to strengthen the supervision of the construction work is very necessary and urgent.
(C) enterprise safety production standardization to create the main body of consciousness is not strong
As mentioned earlier, because there is no enterprise safety production standardization construction of relevant written laws and regulations, although the State Council issued the State Council [2004) No. 2, the State Council [2010) No. 23, the State Council [2011) No. 40, and the State Council Safety Commission [2011) No. 4, such as policy documents, but the constraints on enterprises, and so on. However, the constraints on enterprises are not strong, and the phenomenon of hot above and cold below has appeared in some areas. Some enterprises take the standardization of production safety as a simple act of attaining the standard, lack of awareness of continuous improvement, do not carry out dynamic management well, and have little enthusiasm for attaining the standard, and there is the idea of wait-and-see and cope with the situation. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the construction of enterprise production safety standardization of legislative research work, at the same time, to further explore the construction of enterprise production safety standardization combined with the construction of corporate integrity mechanisms, and gradually establish long-term mechanism for the construction of enterprise production safety standardization. Through legislation, the establishment of effective incentives and constraints mechanism to stimulate the enthusiasm of enterprises to meet the standard to create the work, so as to better implement the enterprise to carry out standardized construction of the main responsibility for safety production. Enterprises through the standardization of construction, the establishment and implementation of a set of standards, enterprise safety work in all segments and positions, in line with the requirements of safety management of production safety laws and regulations, so that the main responsibility for enterprise safety production has been more detailed, in-depth and long-term implementation. This carries out the process of standardization construction, is also the process of fully implementing the main responsibility of enterprise safety production.
Source/xcgl/3325.html