For start-up venture enterprises, the role of business plan is particularly important. A brewing project is often vague. Write down the positive and negative reasons by making a business plan. See you later, one by one. Entrepreneurs can have a clearer understanding of this project in this way. It can be said that the business plan is to sell the enterprises to be established in the plan to the entrepreneurs themselves.
Secondly, the business plan can also help to promote the planned venture enterprises to venture capitalists. One of the main purposes of the company's business plan is to raise funds. Therefore, the business plan must explain:
(1) the purpose of starting a business-why take risks and spend energy, time, resources and funds to start a business?
(2) How much does it cost to start a business? Why so much money? Why is it worthwhile for investors to inject funds into this? For established venture enterprises, business plans can set more specific directions and priorities for the development of enterprises, let employees know the business objectives of enterprises, and encourage them to work for the same goals. More importantly, it can make the investors, suppliers and sellers of the enterprise know the operating conditions and objectives of the enterprise, and persuade investors (old or new) to provide funds for the further development of the enterprise.
It is for the above reasons that the business plan will be the most important business document written by entrepreneurs. So, how to make a business plan?
First, how to write a good business plan
Business plans that can neither give investors enough information nor excite them can only be thrown into the dustbin in the end. In order to ensure that the business plan can "hit the target", entrepreneurs should do the following:
1. Focus on products
In the business plan, all details related to the products or services of the enterprise should be provided, including all surveys conducted by the enterprise. These questions include: What stage of development is the product in? What is its uniqueness? What is the method for enterprises to distribute products? Who will use the products of the enterprise and why? What is the production cost and price of the product? What is the enterprise's plan to develop modern new products? Bring investors into the products or services of the enterprise, so that investors will be as interested as entrepreneurs. In the business plan, entrepreneurs should try to describe everything in simple words-the definition and attributes of goods. Entrepreneurs are very clear, but others may not know its meaning. The purpose of making a business plan is not only to convince investors that the products of the enterprise will have a revolutionary impact in the world, but also to convince them that the enterprise has arguments to prove this. The elaboration of the product in the business plan should make investors feel: "Oh, how wonderful and inspiring this product is!"
2. Dare to compete
In business planning, entrepreneurs should carefully analyze the situation of competitors. Who are the competitors? How do their products work? What are the similarities and differences between competitors' products and our own products? What are the marketing strategies adopted by competitors? It is necessary to clarify the sales, gross profit, income and market share of each competitor, and then discuss the competitive advantage of this enterprise relative to each competitor. It is necessary to show investors that customers prefer this enterprise because its products are of good quality, fast delivery, moderate positioning and appropriate price. The business plan should convince its readers that this enterprise is not only a strong competitor in the industry, but also a leader in setting industry standards in the future. In the business plan, entrepreneurs should also explain the risks brought by competitors and the countermeasures taken by enterprises.
Understand the market
A business plan should provide investors with an in-depth analysis and understanding of the target market. It is necessary to carefully analyze the influence of economic, geographical, occupational and psychological factors on consumers' choice to buy the products of this enterprise, and the role of each factor. The business plan should also include a major marketing plan, which should list the areas where the enterprise intends to carry out advertising, promotion and public relations activities, and specify the budget and income of each activity. The business plan should also briefly describe the sales strategy of the enterprise: does the enterprise use external sales representatives or internal employees? Does the enterprise use distributors, distributors or franchisees? What kind of sales training will the enterprise provide? In addition, the business plan should also pay special attention to the details of sales.
4. Indicate the direction of action
The enterprise's action plan should be unsolvable. The following questions should be made clear in the business plan: How can the enterprise push the products to the market? How to design production lines and assemble products? What raw materials do enterprises need for production? What kind of production do enterprises need with those production resources?
Resources? What is the cost of production and equipment? Does the enterprise buy equipment or rent equipment? Explain the fixed and variable costs associated with product assembly, storage and delivery.
5. Show your management team
The key factor to turn an idea into a successful venture enterprise is to have a strong management team. The members of this team must have high professional and technical knowledge, management ability and many years of work experience, so as to give investors the feeling: "Look, who are these people in this team! If this company is a football team, they will always reach the World Cup finals! " The function of managers is to plan, organize, control and guide the company's actions to achieve its goals. In the business plan, we should first describe the whole management team and its responsibilities, then introduce the special talents, characteristics and achievements of each manager respectively, and describe in detail the contribution each manager will make to the company. The business plan should also specify the management objectives and organization chart.
6. Excellent plan summary
The plan summary in the business plan is also very important. It must make readers interested and eager to get more information, and it will leave a lasting impression on readers. The plan summary will be the last part written by entrepreneurs, but it is the content that investors should read first. It will extract the most relevant details from the plan, including a concise and vivid summary of the company's internal basic situation, the company's capabilities and limitations, the company's competitors, marketing and financial strategies and the company's management team. If the company is a book, it is like the cover of the book. If it is done well, it can attract investors. It will give venture capitalists the impression that "this company will become an industry giant, and I can't wait to read the rest of the plan".
Second, the content of the business plan
1. plan summary
The plan summary is listed in front of the business plan, which is the essence of the condensed business plan. The outline of the plan covers the main points of the plan, making it clear at a glance, so that readers can review the plan and make judgments in the shortest time.
The outline of the plan generally includes the following contents: company introduction; Main products and business scope; Market overview; Marketing strategy; Sales plan; Production management plan; Managers and their organizations; Financial plan; Capital demand, etc.
When introducing an enterprise, we should first explain the idea of starting a new enterprise, the formation process of new ideas and the objectives of the enterprise.
And development strategy. Secondly, it is necessary to explain the present situation, past background and business scope of the enterprise. In this part, we should objectively comment on the past situation of the enterprise, and avoid the heavy and light. A pertinent analysis can often win more trust, which makes it easy for people to agree with the business plan of the enterprise. Finally, it is necessary to introduce the background, experience, experience and expertise of the entrepreneurs themselves. The quality of entrepreneurs often plays a key role in the performance of enterprises. Here, entrepreneurs should try to highlight their own advantages and show a strong enterprising spirit in order to leave a good impression on investors.
In the plan summary, the enterprise must also answer the following questions: (1) the industry in which the enterprise is located, the nature and scope of its operation; (two) the contents of the main products of the enterprise; (3) Where is the market of the enterprise, who are the customers and what are the demands; (4) Who are the partners and investors of the enterprise; (5) Who are the competitors of the enterprise and what influence the competitors have on the development of the enterprise.
Try to be concise and vivid. In particular, it is necessary to explain in detail the differences between their own enterprises and the market factors for their success. If an entrepreneur knows what he has done, just two pages of summary is enough. If the entrepreneur doesn't know what he is doing, the summary may be more than 20 pages. Therefore, some investors "pick out wheat from chaff" according to the length of the abstract.
2. Product (service) introduction
When evaluating investment projects, investors are most concerned about whether and to what extent the products, technologies or services of venture enterprises can solve real-life problems, or whether the products (services) of venture enterprises can help customers save money and increase income. Therefore, product introduction is an important part of business plan. Product introduction should generally include the following contents: the concept, performance and characteristics of the product; Introduction of main products; Market competitiveness of products; Product development process; Plan and cost analysis of developing new products; Market prospect forecast of products; Brand and patent of products.