PVD basic methods:Vacuum evaporation, sputtering? , ion plating (hollow cathode ion plating, hot cathode ion plating, arc ion plating, reactive ion plating, radio frequency ion plating, DC discharge ion plating).
Electroplating (Electroplating) is the use of electrolytic principles in some metal surfaces plated on a thin layer of other metals or alloys, is the use of electrolysis to make the surface of the metal or other material parts attached to a layer of metal film of the process so as to play a role in preventing oxidation of the metal (such as rust and corrosion), to improve abrasion resistance, electrical conductivity, reflective, corrosion resistance (copper sulfate, etc.) and improve Aesthetics and other roles.
PVD: Physical Vapor Deposition: refers to the use of physical processes to achieve material transfer, the transfer of atoms or molecules from the source to the surface of the substrate process. Its role is that it can make certain special properties (high strength, wear resistance, heat dissipation, corrosion resistance, etc.) of the particles sprayed on the lower performance of the parent body, making the parent body has better performance. PVD basic methods: vacuum evaporation, sputtering? Ion plating (hollow cathode ion plating, hot cathode ion plating, arc ion plating, reactive ion plating, radio frequency ion plating, DC discharge ion plating).
PVD technology appeared in, the preparation of thin films with high hardness, low coefficient of friction, very good wear resistance and chemical stability and other advantages. Initially in the field of high-speed steel cutting tools in the successful application of the world's manufacturing industry has caused a great deal of attention, people in the development of high-performance, high-reliability coating equipment at the same time, but also in the cemented carbide, ceramics class of cutting tools for more in-depth coating application research. Compared with the CVD process, PVD process processing temperature is low, in 600 ℃ below the bending strength of the tool material has no effect; film internal stress state for the compressive stress, more suitable for carbide precision complex tool coating; PVD process has no adverse impact on the environment, in line with the direction of the development of modern green manufacturing. At present, PVD coating technology has been commonly used in the coating treatment of carbide end mills, drills, step drills, oil hole drills, reamers, taps, indexable milling cutter blades, turning inserts, profiled tools, welding tools and so on.
PVD technology not only improves the bonding strength between the film and the tool base material, the coating composition has also developed from the first generation of TiN to TiC, TiCN, ZrN, CrN, MoS2, TiAlN, TiAlCN, TiN-AlN, CNx, DLC, and ta-C and other multivariate composite coatings.
Electroplating: When electroplating, the plated metal or other insoluble material is used as the anode, and the workpiece to be plated is used as the cathode, and the cations of the plated metal are reduced on the surface of the workpiece to be plated to form the plated layer. In order to exclude the interference of other cations and to make the plating layer uniform and firm, it is necessary to use the solution containing the cations of the plating metal as the plating solution to keep the concentration of the cations of the plating metal unchanged. The purpose of electroplating is to change the surface properties or dimensions of a substrate by applying a metal coating to the substrate. Electroplating can enhance the corrosion resistance of the metal (plated metal is mostly corrosion-resistant metal), increase the hardness, prevent abrasion, improve electrical conductivity, smoothness, heat resistance and surface aesthetics.