Robert Owen's management ideas are

Robert Owen's management idea is based on "man is the product of the environment" which is the viewpoint of the French materialist scholars, and all the experiments he carried out in New Lanark were to prove: "Replacing the bad environment with the good one, whether it is possible to make the man clean up his mind, clear away the evils, and turn him into a wise, rational, and good man. whether, by replacing bad surroundings with good surroundings, a man can thus be cleansed of evil and transformed into a wise, rational, and good man; and whether a man who has suffered from birth to death, and has always suffered, can be made to surround himself all his life with goodness and good surroundings, and thus turn his sufferings into a happy and privileged life." It was on the basis of such a great idea, full of hope and imagination, that he developed his ideas of management that transcended the realities of life at that time. Irving's management at New Lanark was unique. First, he introduced a new management system within the factory, which centered on the abolition of punishment and emphasized humane management. Based on their performance in the factory, Owen classified workers' conduct into four grades: bad, lazy, good and good quality, which were represented by a wooden block painted black, blue, yellow and white on all four sides. Each worker has a block in front of him, and the department heads are assessed according to the performance of the workers, and the factory manager then assesses the department heads according to their performance. The assessment results are placed in a conspicuous position in the factory, and the employees belonging to it can see at a glance the different colors of each person's wooden block. In this way, each employee can tell how well the corresponding employee is doing with a single glance. When this system was first introduced, there were many poor performers and few good performers. However, under the gaze of the public and driven by self-esteem, the number of bad performances gradually decreased, while the number of good performances increased. In order to ensure the fairness of the assessment, Owen also stipulated that whoever thought that the assessment was unfair could appeal to him directly. This kind of humanized management without punishment was almost a miracle at that time. At the same time, the head of the department to assess the staff, the manager to assess the head of the department, supplemented by a cross-level complaint system, creating a precedent of hierarchical management, but also conducive to equal communication between employers and employees and the resolution of conflicts.

Owen believed that a good environment can make people form good behavior, and a bad environment can make people form bad behavior. He strongly criticized the practice of many capitalists at that time, who paid too much attention to the machine and neglected the people, and adopted various methods to improve the working and living environment of workers. In the factories, Irving created a workplace that was as comfortable as possible for the workers at that time by improving the arrangement of the factory equipment and improving the cleanliness. He also took the initiative to shorten the workers' working hours from 13 to 14 hours to 10.5 hours. In the New Lanark plant, one can see neat rows of workers' dormitories with two-bedroom apartments for each family. Irving pays great attention to the green environment, in the surroundings of the workers' houses, there are trees and flowers, which has a very positive effect on the workers' physical and mental health. In order to enable workers to have proper and upward recreation and study in their leisure time, and to eliminate alcoholism, fighting and other bad customs, Irving also built a special place for workers to have fun - the evening recreation center. This recreation center is now the prototype of clubs and nightclubs.

Owen's management ideas, the education system occupies a large proportion. In order to popularize education, he advocated the establishment of an education system and the implementation of education legislation. Owen believes that "education of the next generation is the most important subject", "is the highest interest of every country", "is an overriding task of the governments of the world". He was also a great educator, and his philosophy of education was "the most important subject of all. His philosophy of education is: "What people are brought up to be in early childhood and childhood is what they will be in adulthood. This is true now and will be true in the future." With this philosophy in mind, Irving placed great importance on the education of children. He forbade child labor under the age of ten in his factories, and in 1816, at a cost of ￡10,000, built on his site the first public ****school of anything approaching modern standards, the "Potter's House of Character," which was the centerpiece of New Lanark, and which provided a good education for children and young people between the ages of two and fourteen, with additional facilities for the education of children and young people. The school was the centerpiece of New Lanark, providing a good education for children and young people between the ages of 2 and 14, as well as classes for adult education. Owen's educational program focused on the development of children's character and the improvement of their vocational skills. His aim was to "teach children for the cultivation of good sentiments and practical skill, and to enable them to become useful and happy men". He made "reading, writing, arithmetic, and speaking" compulsory for his students. Owen's ideas, philosophies and programmes have been a great success in New Lanark, where the public **** school has also become a social and recreational center open to the public. In addition to the school, Irving organized labour canteens, created workers' consumer cooperatives and set up a workers' health and pension system. As a result, New Lanark became a model community in Britain, free of vagrants and thieves, and almost a pure land emerging from the "evils of capitalism".

Owen's ideas on management and education were all in preparation for his highest goal, the establishment of a new harmonious society. His great achievements in New Lanark, won the attention and respect of many of the country's top people, and every year thousands of people would come to visit Owen's factory and his "Potteries of Character". Even the then Czar of Russia, Grand Duke Nicholas, made a special trip to visit Owen's factory. His four articles "on the formation of character" and the book "new social views" were widely circulated in the community, and at the same time, also received the support of some social celebrities.