Collective purchasing, literally, I think it can be understood as collective purchasing, centralized purchasing, but also some people call it group purchase.
Baidu Encyclopedia defines group purchase in this way: Group purchase, the English name is Group purchase, meaning group shopping, refers to the consumers who know or don't know to join together, increase the negotiating power with the merchants, in order to get the best price for a way of shopping. According to the principle of "small profits, big sales", merchants can give group purchase discounts lower than the retail price and quality services that cannot be obtained by purchasing individually. As an emerging e-commerce model, group purchasing is a way to enhance the bargaining power of users and merchants through consumers' own groups, professional group purchasing websites, and merchants' group purchasing organizations, as well as to obtain merchandise concessions to a great extent, which has attracted the attention of consumers and manufacturers in the industry, and even the capital market.
Baidu Encyclopedia defines centralized purchasing: centralized purchasing refers to the centralized purchasing directory of goods, works, services centralized purchasing, centralized purchasing including centralized purchasing agency procurement and departmental centralized purchasing, directory belongs to the general procurement projects, should be entrusted to the centralized purchasing agency agency purchasing, belonging to the department, the system has special requirements for the project, should be carried out by the departmental centralized purchasing. Centralized Procurement. Compared with centralized procurement, it is called decentralized procurement.
Expansion:
According to the "Ai Rui Consulting-2021 China Enterprise Procurement E-commerce Market Research Report", China's enterprise procurement e-commerce market transaction scale reached 857 billion yuan in 2020, and from 2018 to the present, the enterprise procurement market has shown a growth rate of not less than 18%, of which the head enterprises such as Taobao enterprise services, Jingdong enterprise purchase, 1688 on behalf of the the first echelon, occupying 80.7% of the market share, the data represents the strong demand for enterprise procurement and the maturity of the B-side e-commerce market.
Enterprise procurement mainly refers to the procurement of administrative office supplies procurement, business gifts, business services, employee benefits, industrial products, labor and insurance supplies, specific scenarios supplies and other procurement and trading activities, is a necessary expenditure behavior in the business activities of enterprises.
With the cloud computing, mobile Internet, big data, Internet of Things technology continues to mature, enterprises are fully equipped to achieve the feasibility of digital procurement conditions, this article from the enterprise procurement supply chain construction, procurement services, payment, supply chain finance, logistics, technology, several aspects of the analysis to explore, how to realize the digitalization of the enterprise procurement.
Digital procurement technology platform construction
The premise of enterprise digitalization must be the maturity of technology. The popularity of cloud computing puts people in the digital world, where people and things can be clouded and digitized. Who ever thought that, and now people through the cell phone APP a few steps to operate, short-term access to what they need. Digitalization of the transaction scene, extremely simplified, from the order, payment, logistics have data to rely on, there are traces to follow, and this can not be separated from the support of a strong platform.
In the past 18 years of enterprise procurement in the cultivation of practice, the market launched a unique CPS trading platform + digital procurement cloud technology platform solutions, can help enterprises easily, low-cost delivery of a set of digital procurement platform, the depth of enterprise procurement and consumption scenarios fused to the enterprise financial management process, to create a one-stop full of humane, benchmarking the internet C
Enterprise procurement supply chain construction
Supply chain (Supply chain) refers to the production and circulation process, involving the provision of products or services to the end-user activities of the upstream and downstream enterprises of the formation of the structure of the network chain. Usually, the supply chain is to serve the production activities of enterprises, for the materials, raw materials procurement and other business needs, the construction of its own supply chain system, such as an enterprise's e-commerce platform, enterprise raw materials procurement platform and other projects.
The supply chain mentioned in this article is to solve the problem of non-production procurement of the supply chain construction, the general enterprise itself has a very large number of suppliers to provide services, such as office supplies, cleaning and security, travel services, gift customization, employee benefits supply, etc., but are used offline transactions, the demand can not be aggregated, the transaction link and financial cost control is disconnected, presenting the uncontrolled state, these offline procurement methods, the demand is not aggregated. State, these offline procurement methods can be completely online, digital, but the enterprise must build out their own supply chain system, so that the enterprise's suppliers to online, the transaction is completely digital.
So do suppliers have the ability to digitize? The answer is yes.
The B2B market has the ability to integrate resources, such as Jingdong enterprise purchase, Tmall enterprise services, 1688 wholesale procurement, can become a member of the enterprise procurement supply chain, and this kind of supplier is very welcome to the enterprise online procurement mode, with a standard, stable API interface, support for the integration of the enterprise digitization procurement platform.
The FMCG companies themselves are building their own enterprise direct procurement marketing system, such as Mengniu's milk direct supply, Gree Air Conditioning Enterprise Purchase, Haier Zhijia Enterprise Purchase, etc., they also have their own products direct ability, as well as API docking capabilities, for the enterprise to build their own supply chain system has laid a good foundation.
OTA Internet giants also have supply chain integration capabilities, such as Meituan, hungry, drop net car, airline company, hotel group is also the same, there is a standard product interface, inventory interface, order interface, payment interface and return refund interface, can support and enterprise direct connection.
Enterprise self-signed offline suppliers, such as if there is no technical capabilities, but very much in line with the enterprise's purchasing position, will provide its own entrance to such enterprises to realize the enterprise's supply chain system on the shelves of their own products, but also to make the enterprise's supply chain system more complete and more efficient.
Procurement service resource integration
The complicated and professional procurement if only relying on the enterprise's own manpower configuration, it may be difficult to meet the enterprise's procurement needs, especially industrial procurement, business travel procurement, need to be a professional service provider to undertake procurement services. There are mature vertical buyers, travel service providers, and comprehensive service providers in the market.
Service providers need to provide services include: service order monitoring, analysis of demand in the demand pool and procurement program planning, as well as returns and changes, receipt confirmation status tracking, transactions in the era of collection on behalf of the payment, reconciliation at the time of settlement, etc., and at a deeper level there are SRM, supplier collaboration, business insights and data analysis, etc..
The market, such as travel agencies, B2B service providers, professional errand companies with such service capabilities, can be stationed on the platform to provide procurement services for enterprises.
Payment
With the procurement platform and service resources, the enterprise's procurement work will go through these processes: employees in advance in the procurement platform to initiate the procurement application, and then procurement booking, payment of funds, the platform configuration of the cashier, the funds flow directly to the corresponding supplier to complete the payment, the supplier to go to the delivery process.
The most important part of enterprise procurement is the enterprise payment link, which is also a necessary condition for digitalized procurement. Mobile payment, network payment will be the Internet, terminal equipment, financial institutions effectively united to form a new type of payment system. Third-party payment, enterprise payment, credit payment, enterprise and employee hybrid payment and other mature payment modes have sprung up. In the enterprise procurement work, common payment modes include:
1, the third party payment channel: cloud flash payment, UnionPay, polymerization payment, China Merchants Bank a net payment, WeChat payment, Alipay payment;
2, enterprise payment: enterprise pre-deposit payment, enterprise silver enterprise direct link T + 1 deduction;
3, credit payment: suppliers to credit period, monthly settlement
3, credit payment: the supplier to the credit account period, settled on a monthly basis, the transaction payment environment using the virtual payment to complete;
4, enterprise and employee mixed payment: corporate procurement standards, then the staff needs are diverse, if beyond the procurement standards, then you need to use a mixed payment method to complete the standard within the enterprise to pay for the exceeding portion of the staff to pay for themselves.
Supply chain finance and logistics
Enterprise procurement relies on supplier credit, monthly settlement method of procurement, the financial pressure borne by the supplier, or the enterprise pre-deposit, the pressure of the flow of funds in the enterprise side. Is there a better solution in existence for this?
In fact, the market has given birth to a number of supply chain finance providers, they provide a package of procurement payment solutions, such as Jingdong Baijiao, to provide financial solutions for enterprise procurement, to the enterprise or the enterprise employees credit, earmarked for the purpose of supporting only the procurement of payment of the financial program.
There is also the AVIC Junction financial program that supports business travel purchases. Enterprises purchasing business travel tickets and hotels do not need to pay any interest, and the AVIC Junction provides a settlement solution and does not charge the suppliers any fees, which effectively solves the financial pressure on the enterprises.
Good funding solutions must be built on procurement digitization. Logistics is a key element of the enterprise procurement process, China's daily hundreds of millions of logistics orders, fully proved the maturity of the logistics system and developed. Logistics digitization has laid a perfect foundation for enterprise digital procurement, and enterprises can carry out customized and personalized logistics services with different logistics enterprises, such as SF providing transportation services for documents and other items, Jingdong Logistics providing logistics services for e-commerce procurement, and logistics companies providing professional transportation services for industrial products. Cold chain logistics also has a mature logistics and transportation system, such as the purchase of Mid-Autumn Festival benefits for employees - hairy crabs, then the need for mature cold chain logistics, these in the enterprise procurement can be customized, personalized logistics services.
Purchase orders in the receipt of goods to confirm the need for logistics support. The receipt of the enterprise needs to follow up the logistics status and logistics information in real time, at the same time, due to the enterprise procurement is often centralized procurement, centralized procurement by the headquarters, through the logistics issued to the subordinate demand units, and thus the platform must support the function of a key to send more by the links to confirm the receipt of acceptance, acceptance to complete the transaction closed-loop.
In summary, the enterprise procurement has a mature supply chain conditions, technical conditions, payment, logistics, services and other conditions, through the technology platform integration of resources, co-ordination of demand, procurement online, can help enterprises to achieve the following benefits:
①Change of decentralized offline purchasing to online digital one-stop purchasing, significantly improve the efficiency of enterprise purchasing;
②Through the digital collective purchasing platform can be constantly optimized to meet the needs of the enterprise. digital procurement platform can continuously optimize the supply chain to help enterprises do scientific sourcing procurement work, thereby reducing procurement costs from the source;
③ digital procurement will be digitized enterprise consumption scenarios, the depth of the integration into the enterprise financial expense management process, to achieve the true integration of industry and finance;
④ digital procurement platform precipitated high-value procurement behavior data, such as The digital procurement platform deposits high-value procurement behavior data, such as demand analysis, procurement behavior, standard implementation, budget implementation, cost list and other data, providing sufficient and valuable decision-making basis for enterprise management.
Reference:
2 Baidu Wikipedia Centralized Purchasing
3? Sheng Yi Technology ? Digital Centralized Procurement|Insight into the New Procurement in the Digital Economy (Next)