On the basis of ordinary PCR instrument to increase a fluorescence signal acquisition system and computer analysis and processing system, it becomes a fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument. The principle of PCR amplification and ordinary PCR instrument amplification principle is the same, only PCR amplification primers added is the use of isotopes, fluorescein, etc., labeling, the use of primers and fluorescent probes at the same time with the template specific binding amplification. The results of amplification through the fluorescence signal acquisition system real-time signal acquisition connected to the computer analysis and processing system to produce quantitative real-time results output. This PCR instrument is called real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument (qPCR instrument). There are single-channel, dual-channel, and multi-channel PCR instruments. The single channel is used when only one fluorescent probe is used for labeling, and the multi-channel is used when there are multiple fluorescent markers. Single-channel can also detect the expression products of target genes labeled with multiple fluorescent probes, because it can only detect the amplified amount of one target gene at a time, and it needs to be amplified several times to detect the amount of different target gene fragments. The instrument is mainly used in medical clinical testing, biopharmaceutical research and development, food industry, scientific research institutions and other organizations.